Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den mest förekommande cancersjukdomen bland kvinnor världen över. Den vanligaste behandlingen mot sjukdomen är kirurgi, vilken innefattar mastektomi där hela bröstvävnaden tas bort eller lumpektomi där endast en del av bröstvävnaden avlägsnas. Det kirurgiska ingreppet kan medföra negativa konsekvenser för kvinnorna ur ett fysiskt, emotionellt och socialt perspektiv. Det kan även påverka kvinnors kroppsuppfattning samt hur kvinnorna ser på sig själva. Syfte: Att belysa kvinnors kroppsuppfattning efter kirurgisk behandling där hela eller delar av bröstet tas bort till följd av bröstcancer. Metod: En litteraturöversikt innehållande 12 kvalitativa artiklar som belyser kvinnors kroppsuppfattning efter genomförd kirurgisk behandling. Samtliga inkluderade artiklar kvalitetsgranskades, söktes igenom efter likheter samt skillnader och sammanställdes sedan iform av subkategorier och huvudkategorier i resultatet. Resultat: Åtta olika subkategorier framkom: känsel, attack mot kroppsuppfattningen, identitet och feminitet, attraktion, minskad kvinnlighet, yttre fasad, normer och ideal och rädsla.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Effects of isoflavone supplementation from soybeans on LDL-cholesterol levels in adultAuthors: Malin Blomgren Alegria and Ruut ReivaaraSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Frode SlindeProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2013-04-08Background: One of the most common causes of death in Sweden is due to cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In Asia, hypercholesterolemia is less common than in the Western countries. In Asian countries, soy products are consumed in larger quantities than in the Western world, which has led to implemented research with the intention of examining soy's potential effect on cholesterol levels.Objective: To investigate whether there is scientific evidence that isoflavone supplementation from soy bean may have a lowering effect on LDL-cholesterol.Search strategy: The databases used for the systematic literature search were PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane. Keywords used were cholesterol and 9 versions of this, and isoflavones and 11 versions of that.Selection criteria: RCT articles, on humans, written in English, published from 2011 onwards, that focused on interventions with isoflavones from soybeans and its effect on blood cholesterol, the participants were over 18 years old and the study time was at least 24 weeks.

Arbetet behandlar tre icke dödliga vapnen - taser, beanbag och OC-spray (pepparspray) - som kan komma att användas som särskilda hjälpmedel vid polisens våldsanvändning. Vi har haft en del motgångar med vår informationsinhämntning. De personer inom polisen är insatta i dessa tre hjälpmedel har, p g a olika skäl inte kunnat hjälpa oss. Däremot har vi fått hjälp från bl a medicinskt kunniga personer (rättsläkare), så vi på så sätt har fått uppgifter om hur de särskilda hjälpmedlen påverkar kroppen fysiskt. Personer inom polisen har kunnat komplettera den information vi hittat på Internet.

Barley is one of the most important cereals cultivated in the Nordic countries. Climate change brings warmer and moisture climate which favors fungal diseases. In the cropland barley can be seriously infested with hard fungus attack. Since it is important that the yield bears a high quality it is of great importance to find varieties more resistant to attacks.Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are stress proteins induced in the plant in response to infection and abiotic stress (van Loon, 1997). PRs are shown to have antimicrobial activity differing between bacteria, fungi and oomycetes (Tandrup Poulsen, 2001).

Barley is one of the most important cereals cultivated in the Nordic countries. Climate change brings warmer and moisture climate which favors fungal diseases. In the cropland barley can be seriously infested with hard fungus attack. Since it is important that the yield bears a high quality it is of great importance to find varieties more resistant to attacks.Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are stress proteins induced in the plant in response to infection and abiotic stress (van Loon, 1997). PRs are shown to have antimicrobial activity differing between bacteria, fungi and oomycetes (Tandrup Poulsen, 2001).

Barley is one of the most important cereals cultivated in the Nordic countries. Climate change brings warmer and moisture climate which favors fungal diseases. In the cropland barley can be seriously infested with hard fungus attack. Since it is important that the yield bears a high quality it is of great importance to find varieties more resistant to attacks.Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are stress proteins induced in the plant in response to infection and abiotic stress (van Loon, 1997). PRs are shown to have antimicrobial activity differing between bacteria, fungi and oomycetes (Tandrup Poulsen, 2001).

Festulolium (Festulolium) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) has not been grown inSweden over a longer period. So far there is no greater area cultivated, but the area isincreasing. Festulolium and tall fescue are expected to eventually replace meadowfescue in many leyseed mixtures to dairy cows in southern and central Sweden. Tallfescue has in recent years become popular again. Festulolium is a hybrid betweenryegrass and fescue.

Titel Hundra år av svenska valaffischer: Ett kulturarv som rymmer dramatik, klasskamp, ideologiska motsättningar, propaganda, smutskastning, humor och en unik bildskattFörfattare Tina HildebrandKurs Examinationsarbete i Medie- och ommunikationsvetenskap, Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation, Göteborgs universitetTermin Höstterminen 2013Handledare Nicklas HåkanssonSidantal 44 inklusive bilagaSyfte Syftet med denna studie är att belysa förändringar i hur partierna har använt valaffischer för att locka väljare under det senaste seklet.Metod Kvantitativ innehållsanalysMaterial En databas med 1 410 svenska valaffischer från åren 1911-2010Huvudresultat Studien visar att andelen ideologiska budskap minskar och att andelen sakfrågor ökar över tid. De sakfrågeområden som dominerar är arbetsmarknad och social välfärd. Partierna är i huvudsak trogna sina ideologier, vänsterpartierna i något högre grad än höger- och mittenpartier.Tillsammans med sakfrågor används logos, till ideologiska budskap används pathos. Kombinationen sakfråga & logosargument används främst av vänsterpartier under åren 1911-1985 sedan av mittenpartier, 1988-2010.Kombinationen ideologi & pathos används mest av högerpartier (1911-1973), sedan av vänsterpartier (1976-2010). Layouten består i 24 procent av affischerna endast av text och det finns en ökande trend att använda textaffischer, 60 procent består av text & bild.

Castration of dogs holds many reasons and opinions, therefore methods, traditions and rea-sons vary. The approaches have during time changed from mostly surgical castrations to also including hormonal treatments. Castration is used to control the dog's reproductive abilities, for medical reasons and to possibly rectify problems of behavioral nature. How common a particular method of castration is in a country is highly dependent on the country's traditions. In Sweden it is most common with castration for medical reasons, such as possible elimina-tion of diseases, for example, benign colorectal tumors.

The purpose of this work was that with the help of a literature review have a single document with information on how the various species: brown bear (Ursus arctos), lynx (Lynx lynx) and the wolf (Canis lupus) living in the wild. The aim was also to show which stereotypic behaviours these different species have in zoos and the enrichments that is already being used and to make suggestions and recommendations on enrichment based on animal behaviour ecology. In zoos, some species thrive well while others have propositions to propagating problems, poor health and stereotypic behaviors. The brown bear, lynx and wolf, live both in the wild and in zoos in Sweden. As these animals have different ways of living in the wild, it is important to accommodate to each species, the way they are kept in zoos in accordance with their behavioural ecology.Brown bears are omnivorous and solitary living species with large energy needs so that they spend most of their day to actively feeding but also rest.

Stump wood was used between 1850 and 1950 for production of tar and as firewood. In the 1950s the use decreased because of the introduction of the cheap fossil oil. In the 1970s stump wood became an interesting issue again as a raw material for the pulp industry. Stump lifting has today become a possible source for bioenergy. The objectives with this study were to investigate the productivity of stump lifting and stump extraction, and to analyse the economy.

Syftet med denna studie a?r att underso?ka hur tva? terrorda?d har skildrats i Aftonbladet. De studerade terrorda?den a?r attacken mot Charlie Hebdos redaktion i januari 2015 samt terrorattentatet i Ko?penhamn i februari samma a?r. De fra?gor som ligger till grund fo?r underso?kningen a?r: Hur skildras de ba?da ha?ndelserna i Aftonbladet? Hur framsta?lls offer respektive fo?ro?vare? Hur yttrar sig diskussionen om yttrandefrihet? Finns det na?gra likheter och skillnader i rapporteringen, exempelvis vad det ga?ller na?rhetsprincipen? Jag har dessutom valt att underso?ka hur Aftonbladet har fo?rha?llit sig till de pressetiska reglerna.Fo?r att besvara mina fra?gesta?llningar har jag valt att utga? fra?n de tva? fo?rsta dagarna av rapporteringarna, samt tva? sammanha?ngande dagar en vecka efter rapporteringens fo?rsta dag.

The fungus Gremmeniella abietina causes damage to conifers that can lead to tree death. In 1999 and 2001 the pathogen caused severe attacks in Sweden, where about 500 000 ha of pine forest were affected. Trees of all ages were attacked, but mainly forests between 30-60 years that were ready for their first commercial thinning. After recommendations from the forest agency, sanitary fellings were made to trees that had more needle loss than 85%, a total of about 50 000 ha. Economic losses have been estimated to more than one billion SEK.

During and after World War II Sweden was spying in the occupied Baltic countries which had been occupied, from 1943 by Nazi Germany and from 1944 by the Soviet Union. It began in 1943, with the Germans still occupying the Baltic countries, when Sweden and its intelligence service ?C-byrån? recruited volunteers among the Baltic refugees in Sweden and sent them back to the countries they had fled from. Many of the Baltic refugees to Sweden were men aged 25-45 so the Swedish intelligence service had a good recruiting source. This started the first period of intelligence operations in the three Baltic countries.

AbstractThe purpose of project is to study the possibility for Borås Energy & Environment to build and run a commercial ethanol production facility in Borås. The project also studies the technology for the production of ethanol using renewable energy, e.g. lignocelluloses with focus on two processes, svag-syra hydrolyse and enzymatic hydrolyse. The technology of the process is based of hydrolysation of biomass (hemicelluloses and cellulose) to sugar and extract it to ethanol. These two techniques will compare with each other to determine which of them that it?s more suitable for ethanol production.