I sta?der byggs va?gtunnlar fo?r att ge rum a?t bosta?der och kontor, i dessa trafikplatser fa?rdas a?rligen miljontals fordon. Bra?nder i dessa insta?ngda utrymmen kan fa? allvarliga konsekvenser och arbetas aktivt med att fo?rhindras. I Va?rtahamnen i Stockholm projekteras mellan 2011 och 2013 en kortare va?gtunnel i slutet av E20.

Due to higher standards of living around the world, greater industries and larger infrastructures causes an increase of the global energy consumption. This harvest of energy puts a great stress on the global environment. With this development, it becomes increasingly important to utilize energy resources in the best possible way.Fans are components that are often used in the industry and in households. A common problem is that the fan is oversized. An oversized fan causes an excessive flow, which has to be adjusted in order to achieve the correct flow.

AbstractClimate and environmental issues are of paramount importance. Researchers agreethat we must all contribute to a reduction of gases that contribute to climatechange. Energy consumption must decrease within all sectors and the promotionof renewable sources of energy must be introduced.Each sector should aspire to decrease its energy consumption. Energyconsumption is strongly linked to waste gases that contribute to climate change.Passive houses are a part of the construction industry's methods to attain energyconservation.Passive houses are derived from low energy houses and super insulated houses. Apassive house is intended to obtain heat from the inhabitants and through theiractivities.

The importance of energy- and environmental issues has increased, and the work towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions plays a major part. The European Union has set up goals for the membership countries to work towards this to happen. The carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden have been reduced the last few years, but there is still a lot to do. About 30 per cent of Sweden?s carbon dioxide emissions generate from energy usage related to housing, this is why the housing sector is of interest to examine.

Ventilator-associerad pneumoni (VAP) är en vanlig förekommande komplikation hos patienter som vårdas på intensivvårdsavdelningar (IVA). Komplikationen leder till förlängd vårdtid, ett ökat lidande för patienten och högre mortalitet. På en intensivvårdsavdelning på ett sjukhus i södra Sverige används idag flera metoder för att förebygga VAP, dock används ej slutet sugsystem som preventiv metod. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka om slutet sugsystem minskade förekomsten av VAP jämfört med öppet sugsystem. Sju vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och kvalitetsbedömdes.

Rapporten beskriver arbetet med att ta fram en regulator för värmning av luft i en ventilationsanläggning för gruvor. Den redan existerande anläggningen förser två gruvor med luft genom två separata schakt. För att inte riskera isbildning under den kalla delen av året så måste luften värmas till en specifik temperatur. Om det bildas is som sedan lossnar och faller ner så riskeras skador på både människor och på utrustning i schaktet. En simuleringsmodell för anläggningen och en modell att använda vid regulatorframtagning tas fram.

This thesis has been written with our society?s current energy-situation in mind.Although it only deals with one particular block of buildings, the solutions and suggestions presented herein are quite applicable on other objects of the same type.This thesis is intended to be used as a guideline for energy-preserving projects in general, with an eye to buildings erected during the Swedish ?million-programme? in the sixties and seventies.The paper starts with the acquiring of all necessary blueprints and technical specifications. It then moves on to a thorough description of the buildings in question, and their heating- and ventilation-systems.Followed by this the reader is guided through the successive stages of energy-perseverance measures that are available, and possible. Reasoning around the economic factors concerning all measures is also held.The paper ends with conclusion, and a discussion concerning the delicate issue of the higher return-temperatures possibly reaching the district-heating plant..

Vid analys och modellering av en propeller finns två teorier till förfogande, momentteorin och blandelementteorin. Momentteorin grundar sig på fysikaliska principer som dock försummar propellerns geometri men ger en övregräns för propellerns verkningsgrad. Bladelementteorin utgår ifrån att propellerbladet delas in i element som ger möjligheten att analysera följderna av att propellerns geometri ändras. Bladelementteorin ger till en felaktig övre gräns av propellerns verkningsgrad. Därför används en kombination av de båda teorierna för att uppnå ett bättre resultat.Ett fartyg med kapacitet för 150 passagerare, 20 personbilar och 5 mindre lastbilar har projekterats.

Energy issues are constantly increasing attention in today's society. People's impact on Earth isentered in more contexts. Many discussions are about how the entire social structure needs to bestreamlined in order to achieve sustainability. The residential and service sector accounts for 39 % oftoday's total energy consumption in Sweden and the increasing electricity prices have made buyersmore interested in energy issues.There are many buildings in need of refurbishment today, including all the apartments that werebuilt in the 1970s to reduce the housing shortage at the time. 650 000 apartments of one millionapartments were built during the so-called the one million program and is currently in need ofrefurbishment.

This report has a dual focus. The first goal was to increase the knowledge of how the use of electricity in a residential building is distributed. Electricity in residential buildings is used for lighting in common areas, elevators, pumps and many other appliances. The electricity used for these different parts is to a great extent unknown. A few studies have been carried out and the result of these is referred to in this report.By means of measurements and approximations the use of electricity for various appliances became known.

This report has a dual focus. The first goal was to increase the knowledge of how the use of electricity in a residential building is distributed. Electricity in residential buildings is used for lighting in common areas, elevators, pumps and many other appliances. The electricity used for these different parts is to a great extent unknown. A few studies have been carried out and the result of these is referred to in this report.By means of measurements and approximations the use of electricity for various appliances became known.

This report has a dual focus. The first goal was to increase the knowledge of how the use of electricity in a residential building is distributed. Electricity in residential buildings is used for lighting in common areas, elevators, pumps and many other appliances. The electricity used for these different parts is to a great extent unknown. A few studies have been carried out and the result of these is referred to in this report.By means of measurements and approximations the use of electricity for various appliances became known.

En utmaning under produktionen är uttorkning av byggfukt i byggnadens betongbjälklag. Om uttorkningen försenas kan golvbeläggningar inte appliceras i rätt tid, men att arbetet forceras är inte ett alternativ, då risken finns att fuktskador uppkommer under driftsskedet. Avgörande för att uttorkningen skall fortskrida enligt plan är att torkklimatet i byggnaden är gynnsamt för uttorkningsprocessen. För att kontrollera torkklimatet genomför företaget ett omfattande arbete genom att mäta klimatet, där dataloggar på olika platser i byggnaden registrerar luftens temperatur och relativa fuktighet. Tillsammans med trendmätningar i betong är tanken att insamlad data skall ge en bild av hur uttorkningen fortskrider.

This report has a dual focus. The first goal was to increase the knowledge of how the use of electricity in a residential building is distributed. Electricity in residential buildings is used for lighting in common areas, elevators, pumps and many other appliances. The electricity used for these different parts is to a great extent unknown. A few studies have been carried out and the result of these is referred to in this report.By means of measurements and approximations the use of electricity for various appliances became known.

Detta arbete är en studie i hållbar gestaltning, där de många teoretiska principer appliceras på tre mycket olika platser på jorden. Tre ekologiskt hållbara enfamiljshus projekteras i Sibirien, i sydöstra Spanien, och i Stockholms inre skärgård. Husen är helt olika. Vitruvius sade: "Vi måste börja med att beakta de länder och de klimat som hus skall byggas i, för att gestalta byggnaderna rätt. En typ av hus är lämplig för Egypten, en annan för Spanien, och ytterligare en för Rom.