Bakgrund: Allt fler barn och ungdomar överlever idag en kronisk sjukdom och behöver överföras till vuxensjukvård. Idag är inte denna transition/överföringsprocess tillfredsställande utan en förbättring behöver ske.Syfte: Syftet var att identifiera faktorer som är betydelsefulla i samband med överföringsprocessen från barn- till vuxensjukvård hos unga med kronisk sjukdom.Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie genomfördes. Efter urval och granskning genomfördes analys och tolkning. Studien omfattade 23 artiklar som besvarade studiens syfte.Resultat: Efter analys av artiklarna kunde fyra faktorer urskiljas. Information och förberedelse, samarbete mellan barn- och vuxensjukvård, psykosociala faktorer samt vårdgivarnas kompetens och egenskaper.Konklusion: Överföringsprocessen måste förberedas bättre.

Raising pigs in absence of a number of certain diseases is called Seroproduction in Sweden. Internationally it?s called SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) ? Production. It results in higher growth, lower feed consumption, and lower medicine consumption. The pigs are produced under the same concept, but the rules vary a bit between countries.

The main part of the goats in the world is located in developing countries, whereas active breeding programs are mainly restricted to Northern America and Europe. Goat milk can be processed to several products and goat cheese is the main product. An organized breeding program is carried out in France and Norway but is not present in Sweden. Important selection traits for milk producing goats include milk, protein and fat yield along with protein and fat content. Functional traits have been more important the past years and they have large economic importance for the farmers.

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to describe various methods of treatment and effects of treatment of ADHD, and to investigate wheater there is an association between adults with ADHD and obesity. Method:  Literature review. Twelve quantitative scientific articles were found in the data bases PubMed, Cinahl and MedLine.  Result: ADHD is a cognitive impairment that can lead to serious complications such as obesity. Studies show that drug treatments of adults with ADHD have positive effects in terms of reduced symptoms, increased efficiency and improved quality of life, but drugs can also cause side effects in form of loss of appetite and insomnia. For adults with ADHD and obesity drugs that affect metabolism have a significant impact on patients ability to lose weight.

It is not unusual that women and children fall behind in development countries. It is not even unusual that these groups are exposed to all forms of discrimination due to the countries lack of capacity to erase poverty. We also know that women and children in a larger extent suffers from the shortage of proper health conditions. India is one of these countries. It is a country where women even before birth are exposed to discriminatory family planning.

There are several reasons why organic chicken production is scarce in Sweden. Lack of slow growing (SG) strains combined with higher production costs, lower meat-yield and uncertainty of consumers? willingness to pay seems to be the main reasons. EU-legislations imply use of indigenous slow- or medium growing strains in organic production, nevertheless, fast growing (FG) broilers are often used due to their effectiveness. Increased consumption of processed food creates a market for conventionally rearing of very heavy broilers.

Bakgrund: Varje år insjuknar cirka 25 000 personer i Sverige i någon form av demenssjukdom, och antalet personer med demens i Sverige beräknas 2014 vara cirka 160 000 personer (Socialstyrelsen, 2014). I omvårdnaden av personer med demens ställs sjuksköterskan inför etiska dilemman där hen hamnar i kläm mellan rättsligt läge, och sin skyldighet att bevara vårdtagarens värdighet och integritet (Lejman et al, 2013). Syfte: Att undersöka etiska dilemman sjuksköterskan upplevt i samband med att vårdtagare med demens motsatt sig omvårdnad. Studien avsåg även undersöka om situationer fanns då sjuksköterskan ansåg tvång vara berättigat, om strategier användes för att övertyga vårdtagare med demens som motsatte sig omvårdnad samt om strategier användes för att förekomma detta. Metod: En studie med kvalitativ ansats gjordes, bestående av sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med sjuksköterskor som arbetade inom demensvård, alternativt hade en konsultativ roll inom demensvård i Malmö stad. En modifierad version av Burnards (1991) metod för innehållsanalys gjordes. Resultat: Ett tema, komponenter för en etiskt god omvårdnad, tre kategorier och sju underkategorier framkom i resultatet.

Bakgrund: Den medicinska och ekonomiska kostnaden för hjärt- kärlsjukdomar är idagmycket omfattande. Största delen av dessa sjukdomar liksom andra kroniska, ickesmittsamma sjukdomar som cancer, lungsjukdom och diabetes, hör ihop med påverkbara,livsstilsrelaterade riskfaktorer. Genom att göra hälsosamma val när det gäller mat, rökning,alkohol och motion kan livsstilssjukdomar förhindras eller fördröjas. Livsstilsfrågor är enav distriktssköterskans huvuduppgifter och efter vårdvalet är det få distriktssköterskor somverkligen får arbeta med detta. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hurdistriktssköterskan arbetar med sjukdomsförebyggande metoder inom primärvården.Metod: Studien är baserad på en kvalitativ metod med en induktiv ansats.

En frisk alm lever i fyra till femhundra år. Men smittas almen av den förödande almsjukan så kan trädet dö tillföljd av sjukdomen inom några månader. Almsjukan är en vissnesjukdom som orsakas av de två sporsäcksvamparna Ophiostoma ulmi och Ophiostoma novo ? ulmi. Sjukdomen sprids av almsplintborren eller via rotkontakt.

Introduction Postoperative wound infections leads to increased patient suffering and cost society money because it leads to longer hospital stays. Previous research shows that patient related risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), advanced age (>65 years) a low preoperative hemoglobin level (<140g/L) and a high BMI (> 30) increases the risk of suffering a postoperative wound infection. Aim To investigate whether patients that underwent surgery with Coronary artery Bypass Graft (CABG) in a university hospital in central Sweden in 2013 and had any of these risk factors more often suffer from post-operative wound infection.MethodThe study has a descriptive design and is based on an ongoing infection registration area of operations. The study included 148 patients out of 255 (58%) undergoing CABG in 2013. Possible risk factors were collected through medical record review.Results There was no significant correlation between surgical wound infection and patient-related risk factors such as smoking (not quit smoking four weeks before surgery), diabetes, COPD, advanced age (>65 years), low preoperative hemoglobin (<140g/L) or a high BMI (>30) and suffered a postoperative wound infection.Conclusion More research and a larger sample is needed in the field to produce a reliable result could be presented..

Scrapie is an infectious neurologic disease in sheep caused by prions, corresponding to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in other species. The prion is presumably constituted of PrPSc, the misfolded form of the normal endogenous prion protein, PrPC, which is found in practically all cells in the body. PrPSc can induce a conformational change in PrPC and misfold it as an imprint of itself; this is how prions amplify and spread. The process of conformational change is poorly understood and there might exist intermediate forms between PrPC and PrPSc. Bioassay using mice has traditionally been the golden standard in prion studies but is limited by cost and time.

The main aim of this study is to determine whether the monastery in Ny Varberg has been used as a hospital during its active years. The second aim has been to investigate weather the buried individuals at the monastery at Ny Varberg exclusively are deceased monks. Only individuals from the monastery's active years has been included in this study. A total of 16 inhumated individuals was analysed. Both men, women and children was shown to be present, as well as wide spread of children and adults.

Objective: In recent years there has been an increasing interest within the clinical (medical) science in measuring people?s health. When estimating quality of life, present practise is to use the EQ-5D questionnaire and an index which weighs the different questions. The question is what happens if the individuals estimate there own health, would it differ from the public preferences? The aim is to make a new prediction model based on the opinion of patients and compare it to the present model based on public preferences.Method: A sample of 362 patients with unstable coronary artery disease from the Frisc II trial, valued their quality of life in the acute phase and after 3, 6 and 12 months.

ABSTRACTBackground: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Early intervention in form of medication, advice on self-management and lifestyle changes is necessary to avoid complications. Few Swedish studies are made on the diabetes nurse?s views on promotion of self- management.Purpose: To examine the diabetes specialist nurse?s experience of promoting self-management to patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care.  Method: A qualitative explorative study where eight diabetes nurses were interviewed. The interview guide consisted of semistructed questions concerning the promotion of self-management.Results: The diabetes nurse?s role in promoting patient self-management is significant, if resources are available in the form of adequate time for the patient and good team work.

ABSTRACTMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the leading cause of adult disability inSweden. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be used as a treatment option for patients with MS where the disease has an aggressive course. The treatment is preceded by high-dose chemotherapy which lowers the patient's immune system. It is therefore of interest to study infectious complications associated with HSCT in this patient.Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify infection problems in this population associated with HSCT, and to study differences in infectious complications between this group and patients diagnosed with lymphoma who have undergone the same treatment.Method: The study was a retrospective descriptive study with quantitative data. A medical record review was conducted.