Objective: To study the evidence on physical activity (PA) as an effective preventive strategy for depression.Methods: A search of electronic databases was performed for articles between 2007 and 2012, both original research and review articles, concerning the link between PA and depression on children, youth and adults. Three reviews, five longitudinal and two cross sectional studies were included.Results:  PA reduced the likelihood of depression in many studies and a sedentary or inactive lifestyle increased the risks for mental health symptoms such as depression. One study showed that low PA in childhood increased the odds of depression as an adult and other studies on teenagers saw a connection and mediation between PA and self-esteem whereas physical fitness showed no mediating effect. Many of the studies and reviews point out the insecurity regarding the dose-response association and the difficulties in defining causality.Conclusion: PA might have a preventive effect on depression. Some evidence exist to support that PA in childhood prevents depression in adults.

The purpose of this article is to describe the discourse in which public-private partnership (PPP) resides, within the Swedish parliament, in the field of infrastructure. I have chosen to look at the latest three years deliberation where PPP appears in parliament bills.This case study is based upon discourse as a qualitative method. Five indicator signs which is history, comparison, geographic location, vision of growth potential and solution controls the context of PPPThe result of the analysis was that a clear discourse was unravelled. A first rather surprising conclusion shows that it is possible to disconnect the discourse from PPP. PPP is not important by itself, the result shows that it only play the part of possible solution to the problems related to the discourse and does not have any value in its own.This result lead the conclusion that PPP is no more than a tool for politicians to get as much out of their infrastructural aims as possible, as rational vote-maximizing actors.

The aim of this thesis is to examine information behavioursamongst a group of social anthropologists. The thesis alsohas a special focus on issues concerning information andinformation behaviour during periods of ethnographicfieldwork. As a empirical foundation for this studyinterviews where made between may ? september in 2011with seven social anthropologists active at a swedishuniversity. The results from the conducted interviews areanalysed with the theoretical framework of the informationbehaviour theory as presented by T.D Wilson.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a topic that is becoming increasingly important in today's society. CSR is a concept whereby companies voluntarily integrate social and environmental concerns both in their business but also in interaction with their stakeholders. The society of today sets high expectations for how companies take their social responsibilities, especially in industries where the risks to individuals and the environment are high. In this study, we tried to answer the following questions; what kind of responsibility do companies in the plastics and chemicals industry claim to take and why might this be due? What differences exist between the investigated companies in the industry and what may these differences be rooted in? The purpose of this study was to obtain an understanding of the interest in working on sustainability in the plastics and chemicals industry.

Undersökningens syfte är att finna svar på vilka svårigheter elever i matematik kurs B har inom algebra samt undersöka vad svårigheterna beror på. Vi vill även undersöka hur elever går tillväga när de löser algebrauppgifter och särskilt belysa vilka fel eleverna gör. För att tydligt knyta an till målen i läroplanerna konstruerade vi ett algebratest med uppgifter från de nationella proven, vilket genomfördes i en teknikklass med 25 elever. Detta test tillsammans med semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre av eleverna och två lärare kring elevernas test utgjorde vår metod för datainsamling i denna kvalitativa studie. Resultatet visar att eleverna har stora svårigheter med flera olika delar inom algebra i matematik B, exempelvis ekvationssystem, kvadratkomplettering och förenkling av uttryck.

When the local authorities establish a plan for land use planning, they have to judge if the influence on the environment could be of such a grade that they have to make a special Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), following national laws and EU-directives. The laws for the process in Sweden is set by the Swedish Parliament, with advisory given by the central government authority, the National Board of Housing, Building and Planning, Boverket. For EU, the laws is set by the European Parliament and the Council. The laws and directions for this process have been changed for Sweden in recent years, and the aim of this study was to compare the contents of three different Environmental Impact Assess¬ments to see if there has been any change in appearances and content in later years, as well as to see if different municipalities and authors have effect on the EIAs. According to different studies some of the EIA done are without insufficient focus on main environmental issues in the EIA, or even that some information is missing.

The project was intended to produce a brush simulation plugin to the image processing program GIMP which would use a 6DOF drawing tablet for user input.Too ambitious goals coupled with compability issues between the resources used resulted in that no meaningful software was produced. Experience was however obtained, and this paper is intended to give an overview of relevant concepts for- and the process ofcreating a brush simulation..

I dagens västerländska samhälle finns ett kroppsideal som påverkar unga kvinnors inställning och attityd till den egna kroppen. Kroppsidealet ställer krav på att kvinnan ska vara slank, solbränd och vältränad. Dessa ideal kan medföra att individen ej förmår att acceptera sin kropp. Syftet med denna enkätstudie var att jämföra unga kvinnors kroppsattityder beroende på utbildningsinriktning. Studien genomfördes med en enkät som innehöll Body Attitude Test (BAT) och Figure Rating Scale (FRS).

In august 2006 the Swedish government official report (SOU) about the structural discrimination was published and caused a lot of debate in the media. This paper is about the report as such, as much as the academic quarrel it caused in the newspaper Dagens Nyheter. My aim is to explore why the report is so provocative and what the debate actually is about. I use discourse analysis both as a method and theoretical framework, inspired by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. Using this methodology I explore which discourses that are articulated.

Denna uppsats undersöker huruvida ett antal aktiemarknader på Balkan tillfredställer den svaga formen av marknadseffektivitet under perioden 2003-2007. Svag marknadseffektivitet innebär att priset på en finansiell tillgång reflekterar all historisk prisinformation. Om en marknad är svagt effektiv leder analys av historisk kursinformation inte till överavkastning eftersom all historisk information redan är diskonterad av marknaden. För att pröva den svaga formen av effektivitet för Kroatien, Makedonien, Montenegro, Serbien och Slovenien genomförs olika statistiska tester såsom autokorrelationstest, runs test, varianskvottest och regressionsanalys.Samtliga tester i studien genomförs på dagsavkastningar. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att samtliga avkastningsserier lider av positiv autokorrelation, vilket innebär att den historiska avkastningen i viss mån kan användas för att predicera den framtida avkastningen.

The main purpose of this study is to analyze texts written by pupils during the national test in the subject Swedish for grade 9 in order to identify and illustrate how they have met the instructions for the writing task including genre. The texts have been analyzed using Palmér & Östlund-Stjärnegårdh?s (2005) model for student text analysis. This model has been supplemented by studying word and sentence length, as well as indexes for level of readability (LIX) and word variation (OVIX) in order to illustrate possible differences in a gender perspective. The results of this study are in line with previous research, as the girls? texts are longer and more descriptive, while the boys? texts are shorter and show a wider range of word variation.

The aim of this study has been to highlight how school social workers experience their discretion, and furthermore how they feel about working in a context mainly dedicated to teachers. The study is executed with a qualitative research method where ten interviews with school social workers, in eight schools in the area of Stockholm have been conducted. The theoretical framework used to analyze the results was discretion, street-level bureaucracy and human service organizations.The main findings of this study imply that the most important ambition of the social work that was conducted in the schools was to help the students reach their knowledge goals. The assignment is, however, not clearly defined, which has lead to school social workers defining the mission and goals themselves. They all have wide discretion and great possibilities to decide how to execute their work, but how they use the freedom that was given seems to vary among them.

Ishockey är en explosiv idrott och plyometriska övningar främjar explosiviteten, en ishockeyspelare behöver explosiv styrka för att prestera på isen. Syftet med den genomförda studien var att genom ett sammanlagt nio veckor långt plyometriskt träningsprogram, under off-season perioden, undersöka effekten på accelerationsförmåga, snabbhet i riktningsförändringar och kraftutveckling i nedre extremiteterna hos manliga juniorishockeyspelare. Totalt deltog åtta manliga juniorishockeyspelare. I undersökningen användes mätinstrumenten Harres test, Muscle Lab model 4000 (Ergotest Technology, Norge), 10 meter Sprint test och Power and Force explosiv knäböjning i Smith-maskin. Resultatet visade på signifikanta samband mellan för- och eftertestet för riktningsförändringar.

                    Syftet med undersökningen är att ta reda på hur pedagoger i förskola och förskoleklass kan arbeta för att göra barns lärande kring grundläggande taluppfattning lustfyllt i meningsfulla sammanhang. Undersökningen bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med tre förskollärare och två matematikutvecklare. Vi använde oss av semistrukturerade frågor. Av resultaten framgår att pedagogerna har en medveten och strukturerad planering där barnen utmanas på rätt nivå. Pedagogerna både väcker intresse för matematik och tar tillvara på barnens egna idéer. Det gör att barnens grundläggande taluppfattning stärks på ett lustfyllt och meningsfullt sätt och barnen utvecklar lust att lära och tillit till sin egen förmåga. Slutsatserna av undersökningen är att dialogen mellan pedagog och barn är mycket betydelsefull.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka och belysa relationen mellan läsförmåga och förmågan att lösa uppgifter i matematisk problemlösning. Centrala frågor: Vilket samband finns mellan läsförståelse och elevernas möjlighet att lyckas i problemlösning med matematiskt kontextualiserade problem?På vilket sätt kan förståelsen av ord- och begrepp i vardagen, som i en matematisk kontext får en annan eller utvidgad betydelse, påverka elevernas problemlösningsförmåga?Kan man se likheter och skillnader i resultat mellan matematiskt kontextualiserade problem och motsvarande problem i matematiskt kontextlösa uppgifter? Vilket samband finns mellan läsförståelse och elevernas möjligheter att lyckas med aritmetiska, kontextlösa uppgifter?Teori: Formulering av forskningsfrågor och analys av resultat utgår från en socialkonstruktivistisk och sociokulturell förståelse. Studien bygger på kvantitativ metod som analyserats med hjälp av statistiska grundteorier. Metod: Metoden i undersökningen är kvantitativ.