Bakgrund:                   För att stärka sin position på marknaden önskar Staples Sweden AB utöka sitt artikelsortiment till att omfatta 1 000 000 artiklar. För att möjliggöra sortimentsexpansionen behövs beslutsunderlag rörande hantering och kostnadsstruktur identifieras.Syfte:                          Syftet med studien är att utveckla en modell vid val och utformning av distributionssätt för att föreslå en distributionsslösning. Syftet är också att genom en kostnadsanalys identifiera orderkostnadsstrukturen för den föreslagna distributionslösningen.Metod:                        Vid genomförandet av studien tillämpades en fallstudiedesign. Det empiriska materialet samlades in genom intervjuer utförda på Staples Sweden AB.Slutsats:                      Vid tillämpningen av modellen som utvecklades i studien framkom att distributionslösningen ska utgöras av direktleveranser, konsoliderade direkleveranser, ?cross-docking?, ?cross-docking? med buffert och traditionell lagerhållning.

This thesis deals with cross-country ski clothing for non-competitive women. Women in this category look for different clothing features in comfort and aesthetics than male top athletes, for whom cross-country skiwear today often seems to be designed. In this thesis the demands of these women have been mapped out by an interview with a reference group of users. The ergonomics of exercising in the winter outdoors are naturally a base for the collection. The collection consists of three functional layers of garments.

Although research on gothic fiction has given limited attention to children?s fiction, the last two decades have witnessed an increasing interest. To date the focus has been mainly on English literature with a recurring tendency to define children?s gothic fiction as a text corpus separate from gothic fiction in general. As a result, children?s gothic fiction has become isolated and is not considered as part of the gothic genre, neither the literature nor its adaptations.The aim of this study is to view children?s gothic fiction as an integral part of the gothic genre.

Arbetet tar upp BGP-multihoming för mindre organisationer. Den jämför ett kommersiell alternativ mot open source-alternativ. Detta är för att se vad som krävs en av open source-lösning för ge konkurrens på routermarknaden, samt besparingar för organisationer som ska använda denna lösning.Praktiska och teoretiska jämförelser görs där Cisco-lösningar jämförs med OpenBGPD. Datan utifrån dessa tester används för att svara på problemfrågan. Sammanfattningsvis har open source produkter en fördel hårdvarumässigt på grund av lägre kostnader medan kommersiella har stora fördelar då de förlitar sig på nyare standarder..

The analysis of regional development and the formation of regional policy have experienced an increasing importance in Europe and in Sweden during the last decades. There is a widespread assumption that the increasing significance of regions is due to the diminishing role of the nationstate in the era of globalization. This essay suggests that there is a hegemonic discourse, heavily relying on the assumptions of New Regionalism, when addressing regional building. Sometimes described as an ideology, New Regionalism, which is derived from research of successful regions, is based on the assumption that regional competitiveness and autonomy creates economic growth. The Committee on Public Sector Responsibilities (Ansvarskommittén) suggests that Sweden requires new regional structure, due to the increasing expenditures facing the welfare state.

In order to answer the question in the title, a cross-cultural analysis of two countries was done. Countries chosen were the Republic of Latvia and the Kingdom of Spain. The need for this research was suggested by increased cross-border business activities inside the European Union, and the lack of previous studies involving new Member States. The aim of the research was to see what environmental factors influence advertising adaptation in the European Union, as well as to evaluate the applicability of a standardisation approach. According to the theory, there are three external factors that influence the creation of a global advertising.

The Nord Stream natural gas pipeline has been a controversial project. The debate was primarily escalated by Poland's strong negative reaction to the project in the spring of 2006 over safety and security and then alternated back and forth in Europe until the approval by the nations most concerned in the Baltic region during the autumn of 2009.In the case study an approach is used that primarily maps out the media image of the various viewpoints that deal with the pipeline and how these viewpoints position themselves, primarily through political and environmental dimensions. Simultaneously there?s an attempt to map out the spatial spread of the media image views as to the proximity and distance to the pipeline in Sweden, Poland and Germany. A key question is whether distance or proximity to a large facility can affect people's attitudes.A parallel focus of the study is to explore the role of the Nord Stream natural gas pipeline in the cross-border hinterland region of Szczecin-?winouj?cie.

The aim with this essay is to explore the possibility that jewellery was worn in combinations during the Bronze Age in the south of Sweden and Denmark as a way to show identities. By examining neck-collars and neck-rings and the jewellery found with these objects in graves, I have managed to find a few combinations that re-occur within regions which I think point towards ways of expressing different identities.To fully explore the subject I have also examined the design of the neck-collar to see if the designs have the same regional difference as the combinations. Though there is some difference between regions it is the similarity of the design over regions that stand out. It is possible that the design of the neck-collar has shown a different meaning than the jewellery combinations.There are similarities between the jewellery found in combinations in the graves and the jewellery found in hoards. Neck-collars and neck-rings found in combination with other jewellery in hoards show a greater regularity over the south of Sweden and Denmark then those combinations found in the graves..

In this study I will analyze how men who buy sex interact with one another on two different Internet communities: ?Sekreterarakademin? and ?Flashback?. This analysis is carried out in an attempt to challenge the conventional image of the man who pays for sex.The aim is to examine the role of Internet forums for men who buy sexual services related to cross-border, both in terms of standard borders, gender boundaries, boundaries of sexuality and masculinity. I will also attempt to investigate what opportunities that are available to overrun different borders and how these opportunities affect the conditions of the various players. I will evaluate theories such as homosocialtet, hegemonic masculinity and normalization used by KAST (Köpare Av Sexuella Tjänster, the Swedish public support for clients of sexual services) and which are partially consolidated in studies published by KAST concerning issues related to internet based prostitution..

Although research on gothic fiction has given limited attention to children?s fiction, the last two decades have witnessed an increasing interest. To date the focus has been mainly on English literature with a recurring tendency to define children?s gothic fiction as a text corpus separate from gothic fiction in general. As a result, children?s gothic fiction has become isolated and is not considered as part of the gothic genre, neither the literature nor its adaptations.The aim of this study is to view children?s gothic fiction as an integral part of the gothic genre.

The relationship between landscape - public - art and whatoccurs and happens in between is what this paper casts light on. The essay intends to investigate whether there is any boundary between landscape architecture and art. How does this border looks like? Can art in the context of landscape architechture lead to a closer cross-border collaboration between landscapearchitects,artists and the public, to create attractive and/or functional outdoor environments. The place where the meeting can take place is outdoors where the landscape architect works, in the public environment and around the public art.

Cross-selling är en strategi som de senaste åren har fått stort fokus inom finansbranschen. Strategin går ut på att öka försäljning till existerande kunder genom att introducera dem till produkter eller tjänster som andra avdelningar inom företaget erbjuder, oavsett den egna specialistrollen. Nyttan med cross-selling är obestridd, men i praktiken har det visat sig svårt att tillämpa cross-selling. De hinder som föreligger kan i förlängningen härledas till ett problem att få de anställda motiverade att verkställa strategin. Motivationen hos de anställda kan påverkas genom styrning från företagsledningen.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the three main translation methods used in experimental Cross-language Information Retrieval CLIR research today, namely translation using either machine-readable dictionaries, machine translation systems or corpus-based methods. Working notes from research groups participating in the Text Retrieval Conference TREC and the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum CLEF between 1997 and 2000 have provided the main source material used to discuss the possible advantages and drawbacks that each method presents. It appears that all three approaches have their pros and cons, and because the different researchers tend to favour their own chosen method, it is not possible to establish a "winner approach" to CLIR translation by studying the working notes alone. One should remember however that the present interest in cross-language-applications of information retrieval has arisen as late as in the 1990s, and thus the research is yet in its early stages. The methods discussed in this paper may well be improved, or perhaps replaced by others in the future..

Lean Product Development is a knowledge-based business concept in order to maintain high quality, meetcustomer requirements and to make product development more efficient. An important part of the processis to add a lot of resources at an early stage and execute the development as an iterative process betweendepartments exploring many alternatives thoroughly. The work focuses on how Lean ProductDevelopment is carried out and explores how to manage interaction between different departments andexpertise with regard to cross-functional collaboration and knowledge sharing i.e. learning.The information for the studies was gathered at a major Swedish company from two projects. The projectswere carried out as cross-functional and possible key factors for cross-functional collaboration wasidentified.The results have been correlated with theories of Lean, Product development, Lean product developmentand Learning.

Cross infection is a global health problem. The cost for cross infection increases every year. Florence Nightingale focused her attention on preventing cross infections by using good hygiene and as a nurse that is one of your more important tasks. Nurses have guidelines for how hygiene should be implemented in practice. The aim of this study is to investigate factors that influence nurses´ compliance to guidelines regarding hygiene.