In the year 1783 a fissure eruption from Laki in the southern part of Iceland produced a large amount of volcanic gases during a period of eight months. The volcanic gases and aerosols spread across the northern hem sphere due to ideal weather conditions and had a substantial impact on the environment, human health and also climate effects. This, so called dry fog, caused severe health problems, which led to death casualties, killing animals, crops and other vegetation. The consequence was a widespread famine which was aggravated by a hard and long winter in 1783/84. Analysis shows that the Icelandic volcanoes are the primary risk to produce dry fog that can affect Sweden.

För att kunna erbjuda god och lättillgänglig hälso- och sjukvård vid stora olyckor och katastrofer krävs en katastrofberedskap grundad på planläggning, utbildning och övning. Sjukvårdens särskilda beredskap måste kunna hantera såväl den "lilla vardagsolyckan" som den stora olyckan eller katastrofen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur enhetschefer och distriktssköterskor vid primärvården i två kommuner i Jämtlands län upplevde sig förberedda inför en katastrof eller en stor olycka där utryckning krävdes utanför vårdinrättningar till olycksplats. Syftet var även att undersöka hur katastrofberedskap prioriteras av enhetschefer. En intervjustudie har genomförts med tre enhetschefer och fem distriktssköterskor.

Today older people?s health and life quality are current topics of conversation in society. The number of old people is increasing and their health is deteriorating, that is why there is a need of new ways of meeting their necessities. In this study we have tried to illustrate heads of districts reasoning concerning pets? significance for old people in special housing.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the success of theconcept of empowerment in the field of social science can be explained by referring to it as the new paradigm replacing the former paternalistic era. Therefore, I investigate if the character of its history, domicile and practice has the same distinguishing features as the scientific progress. The analysis is based on Thomas Kuhn's definition of a scientific paradigm through the concepts of consensus, crisis and revolution. I also look for alternative ways to explain the sudden appearance of empowerment at the world agenda. Due to the lack of a uniform definition of the concept and the absence of common approaches in the stimulation of empowerment it's difficult to argue that the situation is marked by consensus.

Klimatförändringarna är numera ett fenomen vi inte kan bortse ifrån. De sker här och nu och det råder mer eller mindre gemensam vetenskaplig konsensus om att så är fallet. Med klimatförändringarna kommer risker vi i nuläget har väldigt svårt att förutse och förhålla oss till och därmed påverkas integrationen av dessa i den kommunala krisberedskapen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka faktorer det är som påverkar integrationen av klimatrisker inom den kommunala krisberedskapen. Resultatet är baserat på ett antal intervjuer som har genomförts med personer inom kommun och kommunfullmäktige.

Our state of emergency is good - is the public library prepared for the future?Our state of emergency is good! These are the words spoken by Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson in 1939. He claimed that Sweden had nothing to fear from a future war, we were safe. Today we know it was not so. Is this the situation for Swedish public library of today? Is the public library ready to face the future, or is it only fancy words?We have to form the future, not let the future form us.

Background: One in three breastfeeding women sustain a chest complication. Many mothers feel that breastfeeding counselors have been the key to initiate and maintain the breastfeeding.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate mothers? experiences of breastfeeding problems and the advice given from a breastfeeding clinic in a large Swedish city.Method: A qualitative interview study with an inductive approach was made. Ten mothers were interviewed through a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed by using content analysis.Results: Three categories and six sub-categories of mothers' perceptions of breastfeeding pro- blems and the advice they got from the breastfeeding clinic were identified.

 This thesis aims to through certain parts of the brand equity investigate the trust of consumers for a brand that recently experienced a product-harm crisis. It also wants to investigate why this trust exist, if it does. Structured interviews were carried out at 60 respondents in Uppsala. The results show that the respondents have positive associations with ICA, they think that ICA maintains a high quality on their products and services and that 50% more often choose to do their grocery shopping at ICA. The conclusion of the study is that ICA has a strong brand equity resulting in brand trust from consumers, which is founded in the brand reliability and brand intentions of the company. .

This qualitative study examines how emergency people are framed in Swedish evening-, and local newspapers during the forest fire in Va?stmanland, Sweden 2014. The study also includes if there is any difference between the framing due to the location of the newspaper. The study is based on qualitative text analysis. The theoretical basis is representation, framing theory, media image, media logic and a few conceptions from crisis communication theory.

I april 2009 upptäcktes en ny typ av influensa som senare fick namnet A(H1N1). Influensan A(H1N1) innebar en internationell kris och krävde särskilda krishanteringsåtgärder. I Sverige innebar detta att den största nationella massvaccineringen i modern tid genomfördes under hösten 2009 till och med början av 2010. Hanteringen ställde myndigheter, landsting och ansvariga individer inför en rad utmaningar, inte minst gällande planering och kommunikation. Syftet med studien var att studera erfarenheter av och planering inför kriskommunikation vid en pandemi utifrån erfarenheter och uppfattningar hos ansvariga aktörer inom ett landsting.

The study explores collective action in Sweden between 1980 to 1995 using time-series data from the European Protest and Coercion Database. In spite of severe hardship during the crisis of the early 1990s, Swedish strike-rates declined. However, contention merely shifted from workplaces into the streets; there was indeed a protest movement against austerity, as shown by a series of large demonstrations, and some riots, between 1989 and 1993. Further analysis indicates this movement faded as it was increasingly chanelled into the electoral campaign of the labor pary; having won the 1994 election, the organised labor movement no longer had an interest in sustaining the protest movement against austerity..

Bakgrund: Plötsligt hjärtstopp är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till för tidig död i vårt samhälle och den största dödsorsaken runt om i världen.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att studera vilken kunskap, utbildning och beredskap i hjärt-lungräddning (HLR), som medarbetarna i primärvården anser sig ha och om det fanns skillnader i detta mellan yrkesprofessioner och mellan vårdcentraler i stad respektive landsort.Metod: Designen är en deskriptiv och jämförande tvärsnittsstudie. En enkät användes för att få med så många respondenter som möjligt.Resultat: Resultatet baseras på svar från 144 respondenter. Av samtliga medarbetare hade 87 ­% gen­omgått en HLR utbildning det senaste året. Detta till trots ansåg sig endast 66 % ha tillräckliga kunskaper i HLR. Någon signifikant skillnad mellan yrkesprofessioner gällande kunskap i HLR gick inte att signifikant säkerställa (p = 0,107).

A radical change is taking place in the world today: some former colonies are now booming economically while several former colonizers are suffering from economic crisis. Postcolonial theory states that old structures from the colonization are keeping the South poor and the North rich. Today there?s a shift in these structures as former colonizers Spain and Portugal are forced to ask for economical support from their former colonies.The colonial discourse separated white from black and depicted the population in the colonies as the absolute antithesis of the Europeans. In Portugal circulated also lusotropicalism, an ideology that claimed Portugal as absolutely free of racism, a statement with great influence in the postcolonial Portugal.On the basis of semi-structured focus groups I will in this paper do a discourse analysis of young, university educated Portuguese identity/ies in relation to the former colonies and the changing relations to these countries.

Patienter med olika sjukdomar kan svimma eller tappa medvetandet och behöver akut hjälp. De kan inte veta i förväg att de kommer att behöva hjälp. Det finns trygghetslarm men kommunikationen och tekniken hos sådana larm är mycket begränsad. Denna rapport beskriver ett examensarbete där vi utvecklade en prototyp till en produkt, GSM personlarm. Prototypen övervakar kontinuerligt patientens puls och om pulsen överstiger eller understiget värdet som anges av en läkare skickas ett SMS-meddelande till en larmmottagare som kan skaffa hjälp.

 This thesis aims to through certain parts of the brand equity investigate the trust of consumers for a brand that recently experienced a product-harm crisis. It also wants to investigate why this trust exist, if it does. Structured interviews were carried out at 60 respondents in Uppsala. The results show that the respondents have positive associations with ICA, they think that ICA maintains a high quality on their products and services and that 50% more often choose to do their grocery shopping at ICA. The conclusion of the study is that ICA has a strong brand equity resulting in brand trust from consumers, which is founded in the brand reliability and brand intentions of the company. .