AbstractThe purpose of this study is to illuminate if the preventive practices and the identification of early signals about reading and writing difficulties is different between two Norwegian and two Swedish teachers' work in preschool. Research questions focused on the differences as well as similarities between Swedish and Norwegian educators working preventively current literacy in preschool, and their efforts when they identify signals to reading and writing difficulties.The study has been conducted through interviews with four female teachers, two who work  in Norway and two in Sweden.Swedish and Norwegian teachers work preventively on reading and writing, analysis resulted in three categories; books in text and pictures, words and rhyming chants and songs. No differences between Norwegian and Swedish pedagogues? prevention methods could be identified, however Norwegian teachers put more focus on rhythm and rhythmic pat exercises than the Swedish educators.The conclusions are that the Norwegian teachers mention more preventative approaches and early intervention for children with suspected dyslexia, than the Swedish teachers in the study makes. The Norwegian teachers also seem to have access to more expertise in connection with suspected dyslexia, compared to the Swedish teachers.

Antalet personer som insjuknar i Diabetes Mellitus ökar. Enligt WHO kommer antalet personer med Diabetes Mellitus fördubblas fram till 2030. Studier visar att personer med Diabetes Mellitus är mer benägna till att drabbas av psykisk ohälsa, vilket ofta försämrar följsamheten till egenvård. Detta kan leda till en försämring i sjukdomen. Syftet med den här studien är att sammanställa och beskriva befintlig forskning om metoder för hur sjuksköterskan kan lindra det psykiska lidandet hos personer med Diabetes Mellitus typ 2.

Bakterier har utvecklat resistens mot antibiotika, vilket har blivit ett problem inom särskilda boenden för äldre, där ökad risk för smittspridningen finns. En minskad antibiotikaanvändning samt användning av antibiotika på rätt indikation, har visat sig bidra till att hålla resistensutvecklingen på en kontrollerbar nivå. Syftet var att beskriva behandlingen av infektioner vid 7 olika särskilda boenden i Piteå och Bodens kommun. Under 3 månader registrerade sjuksköterskan alla infektioner som krävde läkarkontakt. Utifrån resultatet utformades sedan en intervention i form av en utbildning för deltagande sjuksköterskor och läkare, för att få ökad följsamhet till gällande riktlinjer med avseende på antibiotikaförskrivningen.

Our population are ageing. As this happens more people will be in need of long term care facilities. We now know that some elderly people with certain background factors are more likely to be injured or sick. One of the four biggest background factors is fall propensity. Most of the reported falls come from long term care facilities, approximately 60 % of the care takers in long term care facilities fall one time or more each year.

Introduktion: Diabetes Typ 2 är ett världsomfattande hälsoproblem. Sjukdomen är ärftligmen beror till största del på levnadsvanor. Livstilen påverkar allvarlighetsgraden avsjukdomen. Denna rapport fokuserar uteslutande på typ 2-diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hur välegenvården fungerar påverkar prognosen hos personer med T2DM.

The study is aimed at investigating the Slovenian philosopher Slavoj ?i?eks theories ofthe ontology of the subject, the crisis of our modern society and his views on how theology,especially Christian theology, can provide the answer for the threats to our society.My main object is the article Descartes and the post-traumatic subject (2008)where ?i?ek elaborates thoughts about the subject and our capitalistic society. To be ableto grasp these thoughts in full I have undergone an investigation not only on the writingsof Slavoj ?i?ek, but also on the philosophers to whom he owe much of his theories,such as G.W.F. Hegel, Friedriech Schelling, Karl Marx and Jaques Lacan.In the study I have shown how the subject is, according to ?i?eks psychoanalytictheories, decentered.

Äldre människor har statistiskt visat sig vara en utsatt grupp för psykisk ohälsa och försämrad livskvalité. Låg dos av fysisk aktivitet har rapporterats försämra självupplevd livskvalité och hälsa, medans regelbunden fysisk aktivitet har visat sig stärka detta samband. Massage har belägg för att vara ett kraftfullt verktyg mot stress och oro samt delvis kunna stärka självkänsla och självförtroende. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka om massage och fysisk aktivitet kan förbättra äldre människors självupplevda hälsa. Försökspersoner (n=13) från Östersunds kommun med olika hälsostatus rekryterades för 6 veckors intervention av en kombination av styrketräning och massage.

This paper intends to provide a better understanding of how to rebuild a crisis affected area and how to plan for the inhabitants of a wounded city. It will also examine the landscape architect's tasks in this work to provide a planning perspective. The discussion of reconstruction is significant because the insight and knowledge in the subject is needed in order to help nations after a disaster. Bosnia-Herzegovina's capital Sarajevo is a city recovering from a civil war where the city's situation was complicated by an ethnic conflict that has been segregating it. The restoration of the city's structure can free people from their tragedy and make them live again.

The subject-matter of the following essay is to investigate the relationship between what is commonly called Deep Ecology or Biocentric Philosophy, as articulated by the co-founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess, and later proponents of the biocentric school of environmentalist thought. I contrast Naess? concept of Self-realization as founded in his Ecosophy T to the ideas of american conservationist and co-founder of the radical green movement Earth First! Dave Foreman, and to the controversial finnish environmentalist and ecofascist Pentti Linkola?s ideological agenda of population-reduction respectively.According to some critics of the movement, especially the social ecologist Murray Bookchin and French liberal philosopher Luc Ferry, the Deep Ecology ideology is essentially misanthropic and totalitarian in structure. A central idea among deep ecologists is that ecosystems and natural entities have intrinsic value in themselves, even outside a human social context. This idea is thought of among deep ecologists to create a philosophically sound basis for counteracting the environmental global crisis.

Osteoporos är ett ökande hälsoproblem runt om i världen, vilket bör förebyggas, där en av tre kvinnor och en av tolv män över 50 år drabbas. I Sverige drabbas varje år cirka 70 000 personer av osteoporosrelaterad fraktur. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att genom en integrerad kunskapsöversikt beskriva den omvårdnad som riktar sig till patienter med osteoporos. Litteratursökningen skedde i två databaser med fokus att besvara frågeställningar om vilka omvårdnadsinterventioner som finns beskrivna, vilka kunskaper har sjuksköterskor och patienter om osteoporos samt vilken betydelse har kunskap om osteoporos i relation till människors sätt att engagera sig i sin hälsa. Litteratursökningen resulterade i 27 studier som analyserades med stöd av en matrismetod för systematiska kunskapsöversikter.

AbstraktTitel: Elevers uppfattningar om en skolas trygghetsplan ?Det är väl någonting som skolan har för att alla ska känna sig trygga?Författare: Anna Wängman & Ulrika LindqvistTy av arbete: Examensarbete (10p)Handledare: Ingegerd Gudmundson Examinator: Maud SöderlundProgram: Lärarprogrammet, Högskolan i GävleDatum: December 2007________________________________________SyfteStudiens syfte var att undersöka vad elever vet om skolans trygghetsplan och hur elever uppfattar skolans förebyggande arbete mot mobbning och kränkningar. Den empiriska undersökningen avsåg att besvara syftet utifrån fyra underfrågor som berör området.MetodTvå metoder användes i form av enkätundersökning och gruppintervju. Elever i en klass i år 9 svarade på en enkätundersökning om mobbning och kränkande behandling och förebyggandet av dessa samt skolans trygghetsplan. Tre elever i denna klass deltog sedan i en gruppintervju i ämnet.Resultat8 av 13 elever vet att skolan har en trygghetsplan men de vet inte vad som står i den.

AbstractThis paper is a comparative study of the final reports of the Norwegian and Danish power studies performed in 2003. While the Danish study found that democracy is thriving, the conclusion of the Norwegian power study was that democracy is in a crisis. The purpose of this paper is to find explanations to why the studies in two Nordic countries arrived at such different results.Methodologically, the paper consists of an ideological text analysis and critical analyses of the discourse. In order to study how the results of the power studies can differ so considerably, the following aspects have been surveyed; 1) external contexts (government inquiries); 2) work process (the researchers? background, role and co-operation); 3) the problem areas and themes studied; and 4) power perspectives.

This thesis explores some key aspects of early Heidegger?s interpretations of Kant from a phenomenological perspective. In general terms, it analyzes Heidegger?s claim that Kant?s faculties share a common root in the transcendental imagination, as a critical development of motives found in Husserl?s phenomenology.More precisely, the thesis argues that the motive for deriving Kant?s first faculty, intuition, from the synthesis of imagination can be understood as an attempt to account for the receptivity of a finite subject, without yielding to a causal description of sensibility. Phenomenology shares this problem with Kant?s critical philosophy.

During the last decades the importance of IT has increased for businesses all over the world. It has transferred from only being used in administrative purposes to become more integrated to the core business. Due to the financial crisis in 2009 and increasing globalization, IT is facing the challenge of lower costs and increased efficiency. This requires IT-departments to embrace new strategies in order to fulfill these new tougher demands.Lean is a business development concept that aims to lower costs through more effective processes by removing all activities that does not create any value from the end customer?s perspective.

The climate crisis represents a serious threat to both people and nature and it will exacerbate existing inequalities, especially for women and girls who are most at risk yet have contributed least to the problem. Climate adaptation is critical to addressing the challenges of climate change, and it requires integrating a gender perspective to take into account the specific vulnerabilities faced by women and girls, as highlighted in the Paris Agreement. This study examines the implementation of gender perspectives in Swedish governmental climate change adaptation strategies. By applying a qualitative content analysis to 24 government agencies? action plans, the study investigates how gender equality is addressed in the context of climate change adaptation.