Denna uppsats behandlar problematiken kring differentiering genom CSR på den homogena elmarknaden. Elmarknaden har relativt nyligen avreglerats och präglas därför till viss del av en monopolistisk karaktär, vilket framkallar en utveckling av alternativa strategier. För företag på en homogen marknad krävs, enligt Porter, en mer sällsynt differentieringsstrategi [Dess & Davis, 1984]. Därför kan ett företags CSR-arbete verka som differentieringsstrategi [Ou & Chai, 2007]. För en framgångsrik implementering förespråkar Reinhart tre kriterier; tillhandla hålla trovärdig information, skapa hållbara innovationer och undersöka viljan hos konsumenterna [Reinhart, 1998].De valda företagen för denna studie är; Fortum, GodEl och E.on.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) issues have been received much attention in businessand management practises globally. Jensen & Yeh (2009, 3) state that ?The agenda ofCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a factor in the process of globalization,and Chinese companies may sometimes feel pushed into this agenda without a clearunderstanding of the rationale behind it?. China?s textile and apparel industry, amanufacturing-based economy with its products bounding up with the consumers worldwide,has been facing enormous pressure to take CSR initiatives, particularly in relation toenvironmental issues and labor standards.

AbstractThe aim of this qualitative study was to investigate how parents of children diagnosed with Autism, Aspergers Syndrome or ADHD/ADD describe their experience of the Swedish welfare support system in written biographies. To answer this question a study of five biographies written by parents with children diagnosed with ADHD, Autism and Asperger Syndrome where made. The conclusion was that the social network itself is of great importance to the parents. Families with single parents experienced a less positive experience of the Swedish welfare support system than parents with a spouse. The study also reveiled that families with a supporting social network and a solid financial ground in combination had the best experience of the Swedish social welfare support system.

Syfte: Examensarbetet har skrivits för att testa om ett CSR-budskap baserat på ett värdeteoretiskt ramverk har högre trovärdighet hos en presumtiv kund än ett budskap som inte är det.Metod: I detta examensarbete har endast primärdata använts som samlats in genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning. Dataanalysen har sedan skett utifrån ett kvantitativt förhållningssätt.Resultat och slutsats: Resultatet i studien visar att företag som önskar öka trovärdigheten i sin CSR-kommunikation bör överväga att använda sig av ett värdeteoretiskt ramverk i sin kommunikation. Resultatet stödjer Schmeltz tes från 2014 om att ett värdeteoretiskt ramverk kan bidra till att öka den uppfattade trovärdigheten hos en presumtiv kund. Det finns dock viss skillnad i uppfattning mellan könen där kvinnor generellt mottar budskapen mer positivt.Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Det skulle vara intressant att närmare studera skillnaderna i uppfattning av CSR-budskapen mellan könen i synnerhet om det i en större kontext verkligen är så att män uppfattar kompetensvärderingar med högre trovärdighet än vad kvinnor gör och att kvinnor uppfattar personliga värderingar med högre trovärdighet än vad män gör.Uppsatsens bidrag: Den här uppsatsen visar att kommunikatörer och marknadschefer inom privatresebranschen bör överväga att använda ett värdeteoretiskt ramverk när de kommunicerar CSR med sina presumtiva kunder om de har ambitionen att öka den uppfattade trovärdigheten i sina budskap..

ABSTRACTEssay in Political Science, Advanced Continuation Course, 61-80 credits, by Jonas Nilsson?The democratic islamist? - a study of three islamist movements and their potential role in ademocratization process?Supervisor: Jonas LindeThe purpose of this work has been to explain to what extent islamist movements can be said to bebearers of democratic values and if they have a role to play in future democratization processes. Thepurpose of this work is also to examine the democratic views of the different islamist movements andto compare them with each other in an effort to find a specific islamist definition of democracy.The essay is a qualitative analysis of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Front Islamique du Salut inAlgeria and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The analytical framework is based on the political institutionsincluded in Robert A. Dahl polyarchial democracy.

This study test the short-termism of companies listed on the market OMX Stockholm 30. We will use a deductive point of view where the purpose of this study is to investigate whether corporate short-term returns can be explained by the independent variables related to corporate governance and compensation practices. This is to investigate whether there is an intentional action on raising the short-term return in order to achieve a higher CEO compensation. In the study, theories dealing with corporate governance and agency theory have resulted in two hypotheses. Basic Hypothesis H1 is: if short-termism of Swedish industry due to the company's short-term returns can be explained by the independent variables related to the company's management and compensation. This hypothesis could not be verified through the quantitative study. Alternative Hypothesis H2 is: the compensation of a CEO can be explained by the independent variables related to company performance and size.

Purpose: Our purpose is to achieve a higher understanding of which factors University of Uppsala is using to attract and keep their existing workers.Theory: We have worked with Barrow & Mosley's the employer brand mix, this modelexplains 12 important factors that exists within the employer branding process. External reputation, internal communication, the board, values and corporate social responsibility, internalmeasuring systems, service support, work environment, rewards and acknowledgements, learningand development, performance estimation, team management and recruitment and introduction.Method: To achieve an understanding of our subject we have chosen to work with a qualitativemethod. This type of method is more considerate of the interviewed person?s way of seeingthings and also accounts for how the person answers. To answer our problem statement we haveconducted a case study on University of Uppsala where we used semi structured interviewsbecause we wanted to limit the risk of leading questions.Empirical findings: University of Uppsala were used as material for our empirical discussionContext: The main reasons that workers is attracted to and are staying at the university dependson the external status they achieve when working there, this combined with that the workers getsto be a part of the university's brand.

The concept Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) describes a company's social and environmental work. More and more companies have embraced the concept of CSR and for some businesses, it has become equally important to present its efforts within CSR as to present its latest profits.The purpose of this essay is to establish an overall picture of a company's CSR efforts and to discuss the potential conflict between CSR and the aim for profit We investigate how businesses can improve their CSR effort so that it contributes to a positive development for the society while still creating economic value for the company. The study is based on a qualitative study of four Swedish companies in the fashion industry: Kappahl, Gina Tricot, Åhlens and Indiska. The results show that according to the theoretical framework, the four companies do not reach a complete strategic approach to CSR. To achieve this it is necessary for the companies to change their current CSR-activities..

The purpose of this paper is to study how Swedish CFOs perceive that the requirement for companies to issue quarterly reports affect business operations in the company. The fact that it is regulations on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, and not the law, that requires companies to issue quarterly reports makes Sweden unique in Europe. The paper is based on interviews with CFOs from 32 companies quoted on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. The major finding in the study is that a majority of the CFOs perceive that the pressure for short term results, created by quarterly reports, affect their work and the investment decisions made in the company. Also CFOs feel that the market over interprets the information given in quarterly reports.

Despite the fact that mandatory financial auditing has been abolished for small private public companies in Sweden we still see this service being used by these firms. Earlier research, papers and published articles tend to focus on the abolishment of the mandatory audits seen from the accountant?s point of view. There has however been less emphasis on the fact that 85 percept of the companies relived from the mandatory audits still utilises this service. We think that we have found a new and until now unexplored angel on this subject, and the purpose of our study has been to explore what the Swedish bank officials and what the Swedish Tax Agency?s officials think that they have to gain from a mandatory financial audit.The scientific method used in the study is deduction due to the fact that existing theories has been used to form the hypothesis.

The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze why or why not Swedish municipalities implement the gender equality policy ? ?right to work fulltime?. In order to understand this institutional change, the analysis is based on a theoretical framework consisting of two fields: political representation and feminist institutionalism. The study is divided into two empirical inquiries. The first part is based on a quantitative survey that describes the casual relationship between two independent variables; women´s political representation and party ideology, and the dependent variable; political decision about ?right to work fulltime?.

The globalization of political and economic processes is a growing moral concern for theologians and political philosophers alike. My thesis aims to outline, analyze, and compare church studies of globalization with global theories of justice.To do this, I draw upon recent studies of globalization made by the World Council of Churches (WCC) and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF). The WCC and LWF are two global reaching church organizations. They have a common aim of uniting churches for ecumenical dialogue and are involved in social, economic, political, and ecological questions. The WCC and LWF analyze globalization by applying biblical and theological principles from the Christian tradition.

Syftet med studien är att skapa förståelse för hur ledningen i fastighetsföretag arbetar för att på lång sikt skapa personliga, hållbara och lojala kundrelationer.Studien antar ett aktörssynsätt och den hermeneutiska traditionen. En fallstudie på totalt fem fastighetsföretag har genomförts där sammanlagt 18 kvalitativa intervjuer fullbordats. Studien visar att företag arbetar också utanför sin kärnverksamhet för att skapa personliga, hållbara och lojala kundrelationer. Företag bör skapa ett värde som även delas av kunder. För att skapa starkare band till sina kunder kan företag styra sin verksamhet med hjälp av CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) verksamheter av olika slag för att skapa hållbara, djupa och långsiktiga kundrelationer och därigenom bidra till att infria kundernas önskemål.

The Swedish nonprofit sector is experiencing a sectoral change, moving closer to the corporate sector to become more commercialized. The recruitment of leaders with corporate experience constitutes one of the factors influencing this development. Hence, to create an understanding of this sectoral change, the thesis aims to investigate the motivational forces underlying the leaders' decisions to work within the nonprofit sector. Additionally, the thesis seeks an understanding of why the leaders' decisions were made later in their careers. Through conducting qualitative interviews with leaders representing top management of six humanitarian organizations in Sweden, the study finds that nonprofit leaders with corporate background, analogous to volunteers and employees, are motivated by a sense of relatedness to the vision of the organization.

Revenue is the largest post in the financial statements but is often least described. They are an important element when different companies are compared with each other. Revenue is often associated with assessment which Enron and Prosolvia is two examples of. Enron reported their incomes and assets while their costs and debts were not reported. Thus were a positive image maintained of the company when the financial position in reality were otherwise.