When a company is part of an agreement there is a risk that one of the collaborators pursues similar business and takes up competition with the partner or chooses to reveal information about their partner to other parties. To avoid this, companies establish a confidentiality agreement that prohibits the parties to reveal any information. Confidentiality agreements that are eternal have become more common in Swedish contract law in commercial relations. As a result, disputes between collaborators have occurred regarding the unreasonable length and validity of the agreement at a later stage.When a confidentiality agreement is considered to be unreasonable, 36 § of the Swedish contract law (AvtL) can be applicable. The paragraph deals with the legitimacy and the opportunities of re-adjustment of the unreasonable contract.

Titel: Corporate Social Responsibility inom fastighetsbranschen, en fallstudie om bostadsföretaget Bostad AB MimerSeminariedatum: 2013-05-29Högskola: MĂ€lardalens högskola, VĂ€sterĂ„sInstitution: Akademin för Ekonomi, SamhĂ€lle och Teknik (EST)NivĂ„: Kandidatuppsats i Företagsekonomi, 15hp (FÖA300)Författare: David Berg, Alexandra Bredahl, Kristoffer KarlssonExaminator: Cecilia ErixonHandledare: Birgitta SchwartzSidantal: 36Bilagor: 4Nyckelord: CSR, kommunalĂ€gda bostadsföretag, hĂ„llbar utveckling, samhĂ€llsansvarFrĂ„gestĂ€llning:? Hur och varför arbetar Mimer med CSR?? Hur kombinerar Mimer affĂ€rsmĂ€ssighet med samhĂ€llsansvar?? Vilka förbĂ€ttringsmöjligheter finns i Mimers CSR-arbete?Syfte: Syftet med studien Ă€r att öka förstĂ„elsen varför ett kommunalt bostadsföretag som Mimer vĂ€ljer att investera i hĂ„llbar samhĂ€llsutveckling samt undersöka om det finns nĂ„got samband mellan samhĂ€llsansvar och ekonomisk vinst.Metod: En kvalitativ fallstudie med en abduktiv ansats som genomfördes med  semistrukturerade intervjuer frĂ„n ett urval av anstĂ€llda pĂ„ ett kommunalĂ€gt bostadsföretag.Slutsats: För att uppfylla sitt lagliga ansvar om att agera utefter affĂ€rsmĂ€ssiga principer mĂ„ste ett kommunalĂ€gt bostadsföretag som Mimer kombinera ett  miljömĂ€ssigt, socialt och ekonomiskt ansvar. Genom att kombinera dessa delar kan Mimer agera som ett ansvarsfullt företag och uppfylla intressenternas förvĂ€ntningar och krav. Mimer anvĂ€nder CSR som en sĂ€tt att förbĂ€ttra sitt anseende och skapa ekonomisk vinning pĂ„ lĂ„ng sikt. Genom att kommunicera detta internt och externt kan Mimer stĂ€rka sitt varumĂ€rke och skapa konkurrensfördelar.

Near Field Communication, NFC, is a short-range wireless communication technology that enables data exchange between devices in a secure way. A NFC phone has the potential to enable the convergence of wallet, phone and keys, but as many other technological innovations, the launch is struggling. We have discovered that technological innovation is only the first step. For an innovation to be adapted, there need to be business model innovation too. Many actors form the ecosystem of NFC and the business model for each service is still an unsolved problem.

Shareholder value has its origin in the American corporate governance system and has been the subject of great debate over the last few decades. The proponents claim that it creates economic efficiency while the critics argue that maximization of shareholder value jeopardizes the long term survival of companies. However, the debate in Sweden already seems to have forgotten the question of how embedded the ideology really is and whatÂŽs leading its way. This study show that shareholder value has developed and been established in Swedish companies between 1995 and 2005. The study has found evidence that suggests that the development can primarily be linked to board networks and international exposure.

During the 1960s and 1970s an increased interest in Native Americans can be seen in Sweden, e.g. through the establishment of organizations such as the Indian Club of Sweden. The aim of this thesis is to study the portrayal of Native Americans and its role through Albin Widén, a Swedish author, ethnologist and member of the Indian Club, and his non-fictional works on the Swedish migration to America, Swedish-America and Swedish contacts with Native Americans. The study is divided into four parts. The first part looks at the portrayal of the Native Americans in Widén?s writings, in comparison with Euro-Americans? and Europeans? traditional stereotypic images of a good and a bad Indian.

Mergers between companies has become more and more common in Sweden and in the rest of the world with the motive to increase the competitive strength in the current markets and has an important role within organisational development of companies. When organisations merger there is not only buildings and objects that are put together but also their individual organisational structures, people, values and cultures. This can be a difficult process and can affect many people in how they think conscious as well as unconscious, feel and react.The purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of how employees are affected following a merger when changes in the organisational culture come up, and how these changes are expressed.This thesis is delimited to investigate only one company, Skruf Snus AB and only focus on their business and employees in the region of Stockholm. The thesis contains a qualitative investigation with semi structured interviews that has been carried out with eight employees at Skruf Snus AB. The thesis is partly based on a model of Schein which describes the different levels in organisational culture and partly on some theories about reactions to change in relation to the integration between the employees following a merger.The results of the investigation indicate that with a merger the whole organisational culture is affected and therefore also the employees.

Companies have in the past decades changed fromtraditional manufacturing organizations into serviceorganizations. For these service organizationsinformation and competence have become animportant resource. The traditional view oninformation is that an employee use and search forinformation to reduce uncertainty for their decisionmaking. Even though information is strategicallyimportant for organizations, information is not valuedin any way. Hence, this thesis aims to valueinformation in terms of the utility it brings to theorganization.The conclusion is that four factors are important whenvaluing information in terms of utility.

Why participate? Many studies focus on explaning non-participation in politics. The political parties are loosing members and the particiaption of young people are given extra attention. This thesis is about young people who do participate in party politics. The question is how they experience their participation and how they feel that they can have a politcal influence by being a member of the youth section of a political party.

On the 8th of May 2007 a local power-sharing goverment consisting of Sinn Fein and the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) was formed in Northern Ireland. The aim of this dissertation is to explore why the DUP, who in the past have opposed all forms of power-sharing decided to form a goverment and take active part in a power-sharing agreement. The study is based on a consociational theoretical framework developed by Arend Lijphart and further developed in a Northern Irish context by John McGarry and Brendan O'Leary. Using this theory the study seeks to understand the broad conditions surrounding the DUP's power-sharing. After a description of consociational theory and the road leading up to the Belfast Agreement,three possible explanations for power-sharing, based onconsociational theory are discussed.

Styrelseledamot och VD har som uppgift att tillgodose bolagets och dess aktieÀgares intressen och dessa organ Àr dÀrmed bundna av en viss lojalitetsplikt gentemot bolaget. Grunden till bestÀmmelser angÄende lojalitetsplikten Àr att förhindra att bolagsledningen handlar i egenintresse, men att bolagsledningen skall vara lojala mot bolaget de representerar följer i Sverige mer av allmÀnna sysslomannaprinciper Àn av bolagsrÀttsliga regler. Aktiebolagslagen ger nÀmligen uttryck för denna plikt endast i ett fÄtal regler: jÀvsbestÀmmelserna och generalklausulen. Lojalitetsplikten Àr dock mer omfattande Àn sÄ och det kan uppstÄ situationer dÀr styrelseledamot eller VD fÄr möjlighet att agera i eget intresse pÄ bolagets bekostnad utan att bolaget Àr part i rÀttshandlingen. Dessa situationer berörs varken av jÀvsreglerna, generalklausulen, eller ABL i övrigt.

The purpose of this study is to explore the Swedish site Funbeat which is a space dedicated to people who share an interest in exercising in general, and running in particular. By applying a netnographic analysis, I will investigate if Funbeat matches the criteria of a participatory culture and how the members manage to establish a collective intelligence within the community. In order to achieve this, I will analyze the interactivity between the participants which occurs in discussion threads concerning injuries related to running, in the sites discussion forum. The results will then be discussed in relation to previous research within the field for participatory culture, collective intelligence and interactivity.The outcome of the study revealed that Funbeat can be regarded as very good example of a participatory culture. By each member sharing their individual knowledge in matters regarding injuries, a collective intelligence was established.

The Swedish government has made the decision to transform the talking book system from an analogue system to a digital system called DAISY by the end of 2004. The purpose of this Masters thesis is to examine how public libraries are affected by this system change. This is carried out by studying the current situation in public libraries concerning the transition to DAISY. This qualitative oriented study is primarily based on interviews with four librarians and three library managers at six public libraries. Management by objectives is here seen as a suitably theoretical framework since public municipal libraries are partly regulated by the governments goals and laws.

AbstractValue Added Tax, VAT, is a general consumption tax that is added to almost all consumption of goods and services. Despite the extensive work of harmonization of the VAT system relating to electronic services, it can be difficulties in determining the taxable land, something that could affect the internal market in a negative way. The Swedish companyStardollABwas double taxed on certain electronic services that they provided consumers in theUK. The problems that lead to double taxation must be identified to ensure free competition and free movement within the internal market. The principle of neutrality pervades the whole of the EU VAT system which can be derived from principles of the Treaty, establishing the common market, and the introduction of the VAT Directive.

The four grocery chains Axfood, Bergendahls, Coop and ICA, all providing private labels, dominate the Swedish grocery market. Through private labels, it may be possible to convey an image about the grocery chain's overall brand. Furthermore, it is important that the grocery chain's employees have a fairly consistent understanding regarding the company's image to achieve success.The main purpose of this study is to examine how the intended image the Swedish grocery chains head offices will communicate through private labels is perceived among the store employees. The study intends to provide an expanded view among the grocery chains' work on internal communications regarding the image of private labels. The research method is qualitative.

Talented people are recognised as being the most important corporate resource over the next twenty years and a competitive compensation system is an important tool in attracting and retaining talent. Traditional pay systems are recognised as being neither cost effective nor motivating people to do more. Often these systems do not contribute to strategic objectives. This study outlines what constitutes an intelligent remuneration system that will enhance the mind value added by knowledge workers, reward knowledge creation, and contribute to organisational strategies..