Since July 2005 the major companies listed on the Swedish stock exchanges are required to apply the Swedish Code of Corporate Governance. The code states that companies shall have a nomination committee responsible for nominating new board candidates and seek to obtain gender equality in the Board of Directors. This paper examines the trend of board as well as nomination committee composition among Sweden's 60 largest publicly traded companies between 2005 and 2008. Our overall finding is that neither the board nor the nomination committee composition has changed to a notable extent during the period and that the share of newly appointed female board members has actually decreased. However, the trends vary between different sectors.

New rules for bank capital adequacy were introduced in 2013. This caused a changein funding of real estate companies. The bank could not cover as much of thecompanies funding?s as before and they had to explore other funding opportunities,such as bonds. Bond funding in Swedish real estate companies regularly consists ofunsecured corporate bonds and the secured ones are not that common.

Problemformulering: Hur kan företag anvÀnda varumÀrken som vÀrdeskapare? Vi anvÀnder oss av Skanska och Skanska Nya Hem som exempel för att tydliggöra detta. Kan Skanska Nya Hem anvÀnda sig av varumÀrket Skanska pÄ ett sÄdant sÀtt att det skapar ett mervÀrde? Finns det nÄgra eventuella nackdelar med att anvÀnda namnet Skanska för Skanska Nya Hems sida? Syfte:VÄrt syfte Àr att genom teoretiska och empiriska studier utreda varumÀrket Skanska som vÀrdeskapare utifrÄn Skanska Nya Hems perspektiv. VÄrt syfte Àr Àven att pröva och utveckla teoribildningen.

Illegal logging and its related trade is of great concern around the world. The European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR) is a regulatory approach by the EU to prevent illegal timber and timber products to be placed on the European Union inner market. This means the regulation affects both actors in the member countries as well as the actors exporting timber and timber products to the EU from non EU member countries. This study aims to study the implementation process of the EUTR in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B-H), and its preconditions. Institutional theory is used to understand and explain how the EUTR affects B-H organisations? business environment, and how the organisations choose to respond to the EUTR.

Social medias impact recent years has been huge and an increasing number of companies have started using the services. The benefits for companies to be available thru social media are many and the costs are low. Social media makes it easier for companies to get in touch with their customers and at the same time they reach out to a lot of people since the number of frequent user?s constantly increase. A major part of the information that is available is seen from a company?s perspective and what benefits they can take advantage of thru social media.

A?r 2007 uppma?rksammades de oegentligheter som fo?rekom i produktionen av de varor som landstingen ko?pte in till den svenska sjukva?rden vilket medfo?rde att landstingen startade ett samarbete runt socialt ansvar i upphandling. Da? CSR fra?mst kopplas ihop med fo?retag i privat sektor, avser denna kvalitativa studie underso?ka hur CSR som ide? har tagits emot i offentlig sektor och hur den har gjorts om fo?r att passa i sin nya kontext. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och har sedan analyserats med skandinavisk nyinstitutionell o?versa?ttningsteori samt teorin om inramning.

To meet the growing amount of waste from electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) EU developed, year 2002, a directive (2002/96/EG) with the objective to govern the management and reduce the amount of WEEE. The directive is based on producer responsibility which makes the producer responsible for collection and dispose of WEEE. In 2012 a new revised directive (2012/19/EU), with tougher collection targets, was developed. Both the old and the new directive states that the approach to tackle WEEE should be prioritized in order of prevention, reuse and then recycling. Hitherto the amounts of WEEE has increased every year, making it relevant to examine which type of preventive measures the directive contains and how effective they are.

The thesis examines how sex/gender and sexuality are represented through text and images within the Internet community Sylvia whose primary target group is girls. Through an examination of the aesthetics, the member rules and the choices that constitute the framework for the site, the study observes Sylvia as a cultural context. In relation to this setting, the ten most visited member profiles at the time for the study are more closely examined. These profiles are studied from a constructivist view of sex/gender and are analysed from the perspective of feminist and quee r theory as well as in the light of feministic debates concerning sexuality and erotica. The thesis shows how Internet as a forum and the non-heterosexual context Sylvia open up for a constructivist understanding of sex/gender and also leads to a questioning of "masculinity" and "femininity".

Palm oil has been used in processed food commodities since the 19th century. An increasing demand for regulating and ensuring a more sustainable palm oil production has resulted in various initiatives. However, these initiatives have received critique due to lack of compliance and insufficient revisions of palm oil plantations. The initiatives for creating an ethical, social and environmentally sustainable production are not sufficient for the Swedish industrial users of palm oil. As a result, stakeholders such as Swedish food processing companies, commit to ethical sourcing codes of conduct that go beyond the international palm oil initiatives.

The focus of this essay is set on a number of processes that affect the challenges of the tourist trade, to be more precise ? an analysis of the attitudes towards tourism and sustainability within this line of business ? from an ethical and moral as well as social view. These issues are examined with reference to the concept of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). Thus, acquaintance with theories of social constructivism, post colonialism, globalisation and global civil society is essential in order to understand the analysed material. The essay is mainly based on the outcome of qualitative interviews with various kinds of persons working with CSR related questions.

K3-regelverket har Ànnu inte införts. Det finns dÀrför mÄnga frÄgor kring regelverket, framförallt inom fastighetsbranschen. TvÄ av de största förÀndringarna i och med K3-regelverket Àr kraven pÄ komponentavskrivning och upplysning om verkligt vÀrde för förvaltningsfastigheter. Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att erhÄlla insikt i och förstÄelse om hur fastighetsbolag som skall tillÀmpa K3-regelverket, ser pÄ detta regelverk och hur de tror att de kommer att pÄverkas av det i samband med införandet av detta.I studien anvÀnds en induktiv ansats. Det Àr ett relativt komplext problem som undersöks, och dÀrför anvÀnds en kvalitativ undersökningsmetodik genom personliga intervjuer.

Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att studera om Handelsbankens vinstandelsstiftelse Oktogonen ger upphov till motiverade anstÀllda samt om Oktogonen och bankens lÄga personalomsÀttning har ett samband. Studien bygger pÄ en fallstudie. Datainsamling har skett genom frÀmst intervjuer och tidigare forskning i form av böcker och artiklar. Resultatet har visat att viktiga faktorer för att uppnÄ en lÄg personalomsÀttning inom banken bland annat Àr en decentraliserad organisation samt att anstÀllda kÀnner en trygghet till sin arbetsgivare. Oktogonen pÄverkar i begrÀnsad utstrÀckning, dock frÀmst Àldre medarbetares rörlighet..

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine whether companies listed at Nasdaq OMX Stockholm (Stockholmsbörsen) sanctioned by the legal unit Nasdaq OMX Disciplinary Committee (DisciplinnÀmnden), could be distinguished from the remaining companies that have not been sanctioned. As Stockholmsbörsen is the most influential unit when trading shares in Sweden, listed companies need to behave in legal aspects. Actions and decisions that affect investors do also influence the listed companies and their performance. Some companies might be tempted to manipulate financial statements and public information to retain stakeholders; other miss to report properly without being fraudulent. To control this, the legal unit DisciplinnÀmden is introduced.

According to the study [1] several firefighters are killed in action each year. This happens naturally in various ways. One of the major factors is that firefighters often do not know how the environment looks like, for example that a building in an industrial area contains hazardous gas cylinders. Without a solution, fire-fighters will continue to die in duty. It is therefore important to solve this problem so that we can minimize the risks and save lives.The goal of this project was a control system for pneumatic artificial muscles.

Utvecklingen pÄ den teknologiska marknaden har kommit att pÄverka företag i en allt större utstrÀckning dÄ marknadsföring pÄ Internet blivit allt viktigare. Den ökade anvÀnd-ningen av smartphones har bidragit till att fler och fler mÀnniskor stÀndigt Àr uppkopp-lade vilket i sin tur har öppnat upp för nya sÀtt för företag att skapa relationer och att inte-ragera med sina kunder. En bidragande faktor Àr sociala medier som har öppnat upp för interaktion dÀr företag och kunder kan kommunicera med varandra. De har Àven öppnat upp för kommunikation kunder emellan, vilket bÄde skapar positiv och negativ word of mouth. I takt med utvecklingen av den nya telefonin, har mobilapplikationer kommit att fÄ en allt större betydelse som marknadsföringskanal.