The paper, with a brief summary of timber floating in Sweden and also of some previous re-search in this field, contains a study on costs for timber-floating in the river Dalälven located in central Sweden. The public used timber-floating system in Dalälven and the historical background about this activity is described. The study is focused on the total costs for timber-floating in the public open floating system in Dalälven from 1900 to 1970, the year before the timber-floating was definitively closed down. Also the costs for separating the logs of a specific owner when they reached the point where they could be separated from the timber of other owners are analyzed..

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate how value creation influences consumers´ choice of market place. We have chosen to focus on how inner city centers can compete with external shopping malls by examining what values consumers find essential in shopping areas. The development within the retail market with more external malls outside cities has resulted in impoverished city centers; therefore, new strategies towards more attractive servicescapes in the inner city are crucial. The study is based on a qualitative approach due to deeper understanding and closeness to the subject, where Kalmar city is chosen as a case. We have completed a focus group study where respondents from each target group where represented.

The shape and arrangement of the outdoor environment at a preschool has a critical impact on the possibilities to practice different pedagogic activities (Grahn et al.1997). At the preschool at Edwin Ahlqvists road, the employees are inspired by Reggio Emilia in their way of thinking, and they consider their outdoor environment is not suitable for the pedagogic activities they use. Reggio Emilia is a city in the north of Italy (Wallin 2001). The preschools there are famous for their pedagogy, their creativity and their democratic way of working (Dahlbech & Johansson 1986). The Reggio Emilia pedagogy is constantly renewed and developed, but with the children?s needs in focus and simultaneously with the quick changes of the modern society.

This thesis, in the field of healthcare logistics, has been carried out at Hjärt- och Medicincentrum (HMC) at the University Hospital in Linköping during the fall and spring of 2012/2013. The thesis is done by two students at Linköping University at master?s level within the framework of Industrial Engineering and Management.As Sweden's county councils should not make a profit or loss, it is important that the councils are aware of how much care processes cost. Kardiologiska kliniken at HMC in Östergötland?s county council is one of the clinics that are profitable.

Ship formed monuments from the Late Bronze Age on the island of O?land, southeast Sweden, have never been thoroughly dealt with in previous research, despite the fact that the region is suggested to have had a key-role in maritime trade networks. This thesis aims to address the ship formed monuments on O?land in relationship to the monuments in northern Sma?land and the island of Gotland. My goal is to discuss how the ship symbolism was practised during the Late Bronze Age in Scandinavia from a new perspective.

The construction industry depends on functioning logistics; if the logistics isn?tworking the construction site will risk to be interrupted due to material shortages orproblems with deliveries. Despite this, the construction industry is battling logisticproblems daily. This problem is very time consuming and costly for the companies.These theses are written for Peab Bostadsproduktion and investigate if it is possibleto focus on logistics earlier in the building planning process to reduce the problemsthat occur. Peab has partnerships with three companies that could be helpful for themin the work of reducing logistic problems.

Övervikt bland barn är ett utbrett folkhälsoproblem och att vara överviktig som barn är relaterat till övervikt också i vuxen ålder men även till följdsjukdomar. Syfte med denna litteratur studie var att erhålla kunskap om vad sjuksköterskor behöver kunna för att förebygga och minska fetma och övervikt hos barn. Granskning av elva vetenskapliga artiklar visade att sjuksköterskor bör ha kännedom av livsstils faktorerna som fysisk aktivitet, mat konsumtion och föräldrar rollen. Åtgärder så som patient undervisning, stödsamtal, motivation och empati torde vara omvårdnads åtgärdes som kan underlätta preventiv sjuksköterske arbete..

Aim: The study aims to investigate the distribution of grades between students in a practical subject and in a theoretical subject.The problem:What is the grade distribution in physical education and mathematics, with respect to gender, socioeconomic background, parental education, ethnicity, and physical activity?Method:To answer the aim of the study a quantitative method was chosen. As the collection method used was questionnaires to 620 students in the 9th grade in Stockholm. Of the 620 questionnaires, 597 questionnaires were used for the static analysis. The method of analysis used cross tables and logistic regression analysis.

Every big scam starts with a small invite. You are about to face the inconvenient accusation of you being responsible for your own loss. At least, this was the case for the seller of ?Macbook Pro 15? 2.4 intel-core, 4GB, glossy? in early December 2010.This thesis is breaking apart the comfort zone of being a victim, suggesting we want to be betrayed. Although the ?victim? has detected a risk, his wish to beleive that the affair is what it?s told to be, nourishes the betrayal that can proceed.

Syftet med studien är att studera lärarens intentioner och hur elever uppfattar lärarens budskap inom kemi på gymnasieskolan. Metoden jag använt mig av är Stimulated Recall. Genom att jag observerat och filmat lektionerna, där jag har träffat lärare och elever var för sig för att reflektera över lektionstillfället. De reflektionsfrågor jag använt mig av är mallen för en så kallad CoRe, som Berry, Loughran & Mulhall (2003) från Australien har utformat. Det är ett reflektionsverktyg men även ett sätt för att exemplifiera PCK (pedagogical content knowledge).

ECG-Screening for young elite athletesAbstractBackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) during physical activity is a frightening and emotional tragedy that draws huge media attentions when it occurs. Fortunately it is a relatively uncommon occurrence but happens nonetheless to young athletes who often seems to be in perfect health. SCD is used as a term for sudden unexpected complications on the cardiovascular system that leads to a deadly outcome normally within the first hour of onset of symptoms and the cause is some sort of underlying cardiovascular disease that gets triggered by physical activity.Normally athletes gets divided into two groups dependent on age, over and under 35 years, and this studies focus is on the younger group since it is often during this period athletes are at the elite level. It is also in this category the most unexpected sudden deaths occur that is not due to coronary atherosclerosis, which is the dominant cause of death, and drastically increases, for people over 35 years old.AimThe aim of this study was to scientific and unbiased analyze peer-reviewed clinical articles todescribe the pros, cons and cost to implement an ECG-screening as a standard before physicalactivities for specifically defined elite athletes.MethodA systematic review was performed and after all data collection 21 articles was chosen to beused as a base for both background and analyze. At the end 10 articles was fulfilling the criteria to be used at the analyze and later the results.ResultsThe implementation of ECG-screening has reduced SCD in Italy by 89 % between the years 1979-2004.

The recent history knows numerous examples of creditor?s inability to evaluate financial solvency of the client correctly. Creditors? risks do not only concern individual relations between the two parties but the economy in general. The standard loan-giving procedure considers evaluation based on a number of financial ratios.

In today?s society there is a discussion regarding students? level of knowledge and personalisation. The classrooms consist of heterogenic groups of students with different learning needs and levels of knowledge. The purpose of the present study is to find out how the students who participated perceive the teaching of English as an additional language with regards to personalisation, and how they believe differentiation can help develop and deepen their learning. This study has been conducted using a qualitative method with interviews as the core, complemented by observations. The results have been analysed and interpreted hermeneutically. The results show that those students who have a positive attitude to English education, irrespective of their grade, are those who see the benefit of knowing English outside the classroom, and thereby create a connection between reality and studying English.

Att en lärobokstext som är avsedd för skolan har hög läsbarhet anses nog avmånga som en självklarhet, speciellt de texter som är ämnade för dem som intehar svenska som modersmål. De måste ju både lära sig det svenska språket ochta till sig informationen i texten!Men är det då självklart att så är fallet?Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och jämföra sex texter från två olikasfi-läromedel ur ett läsbarhetsperspektiv.De tre frågor som är avsikten att besvara i denna studie är om texterna har höggrad av läsbarhet enligt aktuell forskning, och om de skiljer sig åt ur ettläsbarhetsperspektiv och i så fall vilka de huvudsakliga dragen är som skiljerdem åt, och till sist vilken roll layouten spelar i fråga om läsbarhet. Med aktuellforskning åsyftas forskning presenterad i denna studie, alltifrån Carl-HugoBjörnsons (1968) beräkning av läsbarhetsindex (LIX) som fortfarande är aktuell,till Anders Björkvalls (2009) presentation av layout. Det material som användsär SFI-boken och Mål 2.

In this essay I analyse three of my own texts included in an unpublished collection entitled till Narcissus' minne. Genres are discussed and a detailed study of how the writing process has progressed is done. The essay does not follow any specific literary or scholarly method of analysis, but to some extent the sphere of interpretation is explored. By associative interpretation the special logic of dreaming, the activity of the unconsciousness and the expansive accessibility of the memories, which characterize the texts, is traced. These structural features open a link to the way of psychoanalytical interpretation, but the essay does not strive for a complete account.