Varje år anländer tusentals ensamkommande asylsökande barn och ungdomar till Sverige utan medföljande föräldrar eller legala vårdnadshavare. Dessa ensamkommande flyktingbarn möter olika svårigheter t.ex. ekonomisk otrygghet och psykisk påfrestning i sin etablering i Sverige. Anpassningsprocessen som sker under och efter asylsökandeprocessen är krävande för de flesta asylsökande ensamkommande barn och utgör utmaningar när det gäller att hantera dessa svårigheter. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka svårigheter som finns i ensamkommande asylsökande barns liv efter asylprocessen i Sverige, utifrån deras perspektiv.

Humor är något som varit viktigt för människan genom historien. Den för med sig välbefinnande och välmående. Upplevelsen av humor är ofta förknippat med en persons livserfarenheter och uppväxt. I en vårdrelation där det råder obalans i makten är det speciellt viktigt att tänka på hur man skämtar, samt om vad man skämtar med patienten. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur humor används och dess betydelse på arbetsplatsen mellan vårdpersonal samt i omvårdnadssituationer mellan sjuksköterskor och patienter.

To be able to maintain an adequate ITservice for various users and needs,more municipalities are looking at thepossibility for mergers of local ITdepartments. One solution for mergingmultiple services/functions and creatingsynergy opportunities is called SharedService Center (SSC). The concept of SSCis that the administrative serviceitself becomes a core activity withinthe organization. The aim of this thesisis to provide municipalities who areconsidering a merging of their local ITdepartments with recommendations on howto design the Shared IT Service Center.Recommendations are outlined based on ananalysis of IT-management literature,reports and by conducting a study onthree ongoing collaborations.The conclusions drawn from the studysuggest guidelines for the design of aShared IT Service Center formunicipalities. These are as following:Create a vision associated with aspecific and structured target state.Identify needs for different targetgroups in municipalities and set acommon standard.Create a clear and practical model/SLAappearance of the cooperation andagreement.Ensure the individual municipalitiescommissioning skills in order to notlose it in the context of a common IToperation.Find an organization that is democraticfor member municipalities andfacilitates long-term partnership.Specify the operation and maintenance sothat it can be regulated and controlledEstablish a common help desk.Establish a common standard andconsolidated infrastructure before theintroduction of a common technology platform..

This essay is derived from a case study about the SIRA school in Betlehem. SIRA is classified as a special education school with financial support from the Swedish International Relief Association. SIRA acts to provide support for children with reading and writing difficulties in their daily school work.The study's aim to describe the context for SIRA's specialized educational activity. The formulated questions should provide answers to which factors that influence SIRA's work, its goals, development, and the distinguished pedagogical approach.During the research comprehensive interviews were conducted with parties which can influence the way schools operate and provide the necessary support for students. Factors that influence the school's operation are analyzed from a ecological development perspective created by Urie Bronfenbrenner. The theory advocates that a student's development and interaction mainly comes from participating in activities, social roles and relations.This constant process of mutual adaptation between the developing individual and its surrounding environment is to be defined as its own entity. The result shows that SIRA's practice a special educational operation with focus on an approach which strengthens the student's identity and communicational skills..

This study explores the selection processes regarding fictional literature in English as asecond language education. The aim is to illustrate the relationship between the knowledgeteachers seek to pass on to their students and how the governing documents and the Westernliterary canon affect which literature that is chosen. The study uses qualitative interviews withsix teachers from different gymnasial schools in Northern Sweden. The results show thatteachers use literature as a tool for teaching grammar, lexicon, language structure and storytellingskills. In the more advanced English courses, the teachers prefer to exert more controlover which literature is read, mainly due to the fact that the governing documents specificallyrequire a presence of older, culturally established works.

The aim of this Masters thesis is to identify discourses within the school library field and to analyse which professional identities the discourses result in for school librarians. The empirical data consist of 71 articles from Swedish journals concerning school libraries and school librarians, between the years 2000-2003. The theory and method used is a discourse analysis which is inspired by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. This form of discourse analysis was chosen since it was useful when identity was the focus of study. The analysis is accomplished in three steps.

The aim of this study was to gain a greater understanding of what social workers perceive to be mentally demanding and emotionally challenging work, and which strategies they use to handle it. I chose to interview six social workers, three of them had long experience of social work, and three of them had worked for less than a year. The justification for this choice wasthat I wanted to interview people with different experience of social work over time, to be able to see possible differences in what was perceived as mentally demanding and emotionally challenging work, and how it was handled. The social workers were interviewed with a semi structured interview manual.The results showed that the organization of the social service is not fitted to the work that social workers execute. This means that what is perceived as mentally demanding and emotionally challenging work largely depends on this.

The aim of the study was to describe how managers at the eldercare system especially in nursing homes work to ensure high quality care. For this purpose, a qualitative method was used in this study and four managers at nursing home have been interviewed. Previous studies have shown that managers in some cases are restricted in their actions and that this may slow down the improvement of the care. At the same time the managers describe their work as demanding and diverse. They have a significant staff responsibility, meaning that they have to ensure the quality of care.

The aim of this qualitative study is to examine how users of talking books perceive the possibility of downloading talking books from home without visiting the library and how this affects them. Three research questions were formulated:How do talking book users reflect on their library usage?Have the subject's' library usage changed since introduction to the download service?How have users experienced the service?To answer these questions, five semi structured interviews were conducted with five different users of talking books in Sweden. All subjects were currently using download services which they had gained access to from their local public libraries. In analyzing the interviews, a theory established by Henrik Jochumsen and Casper Hvenegaard Rasmussen in Gør biblioteket en forskel (2000) was used.

Alla människor har säkerligen någon nära anhörig eller bekant som har dött av cancer. Det beräknas att en tredjedel av alla som lever idag kommer att få en cancerdiagnos under sin livstid. Att få cancer innebär att individen plötsligt hamnar i en ny livssituation och måste försöka lära sig att anpassa sig till och hantera denna. De svåra känslor och situationer som kan uppstå vid anpassningen till ett nytt liv bearbetas av individen genom olika copingstrategier. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa vilka copingstrategier individer med obotlig cancer använder i sitt dagliga liv.

This paper conducts a qualitative examination based on interviews with six childrens librarians. The purpose is to put a perspective on the librarians competence and focal knowledge within the area of reading promotion and reading stimulation aimed for children, and also to examine how this competence and knowledge is constructed. The work is based on the following questions: How do childrens librarians experience reading promotion and reading stimulation within their profession? Which competence and what knowledge do childrens librarians experience as most important in order to make their work with reading promotion and reading stimulation function? What can be concluded regarding the construction of their competence and knowledge? The analysis is carried out from theories about competence, tacit knowledge and reading promotion. Following primary conclusions are drawn from the study: The professional role is mainly experienced as promoting reading as pleasure, but also as an important factor for childrens language development.

I samband med att en organdonation ska genomföras görs en uttagsoperation, där organen tas från donatorn. Inför detta ingrepp vårdas patienten på intensivvårdsavdelningen och det finns god tillgång på forskningom hur personalen där upplever vårdandet av en tilltänkt donator. Däremot brister forskningen om hur den perioperativa personalen upplever sitt medverkande vid uttagsoperationen. Syftet med studien var att beskriva perioperativa sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att medverka vid en uttagsoperation från en avliden inför organdonation. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ deskriptiv studie och kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken uppfattning pedagogerna har om elevers stress och vad de gör konkret för att försöka eliminera stressade situationer. Vi vill undersöka vilket behov pedagogerna finner i att få specialpedagogiska insatser och på vilket/vilka sätt specialpedagogen kan stödja pedagogerna. Vi har valt att göra en kvalitativ undersökning genom att intervjua elva pedagoger i åren 4 ? 6, efter halvstrukturerade frågor. Resultaten från intervjuerna tillsammans med litteraturstudier och egna erfarenheter har visat att pedagogerna ser sig själva som medvetna inom området om elevers stress.

Bakgrund: Enligt Socialstyrelsen drabbar ofrivillig barnlöshet omkring 10-15 % av alla par i Sverige. Vanliga orsaker till infertilitet kan vara skador på äggledarna eller för lågt antal spermier.  Kvinnor och män kan reagera olika på beskedet kring infertilitet. Det är viktigt som sjuksköterska att ha förståelse för hur kvinnor och män upplever problemet. Syfte: Att belysa kvinnor och mäns upplevelser av ofrivillig barnlöshet. Metod: I litteraturstudien har nio kvalitativa artiklar granskats och analyserats.

Violence and aggression is a common problem for staff in different care units. Caregivers often feel frustrated and unsatisfied in their work with these patients. Even caregivers with long experience finds it valuable to get education in management of violent patients. The aim of this literature study was to illuminate staffs experience in meeting with aggresive and violent patients. The method that was used was a literature research, where earlier research findings were read, analysed and put together.