Titel: Investeringsuppföljningar ? En fallstudie på Volvo Construction Equipment i BraåsSeminariedatum: 2011-06-01Ämne/kurs: 2FE13E:3Författare: Aleksandar Stamenkovic och Donald BergströmHandledare: Anders JerrelingExaminator: Fredrik KarlssonNyckelord: Post-audits, Capital Budgeting, Investments, Performance Evaluations, ROI, RI, AARRSyfte: Syftet med detta ämnesfördjupande arbete är att förklara de problem som uppstår när avsaknad av investeringsuppföljning föreligger, samt att förklara för hur rutiner av uppföljningar kan organiseras.Metod: Valet föll på att göra en kvalitativ fallstudie gällande Volvo Construction Equipment i Braås. Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer har utförts med fyra stycken respondenter på anläggningen. Detta ämnesfördjupande arbete har utförts enligt en deduktiv metod och en diskussion förs angående arbetets validitet och reliabilitet.Teori: Den teoretiska referensramen behandlar relevant teori gällande investeringar och uppföljning, vidare behandlas även kortfattat de metoder som används för att bedöma investeringars lönsamhet på Volvo Construction Equipment i Braås.Empiri: Det empiriska avsnittet redovisar data från de semistrukturerade intervjuerna som fördes med personal på anläggningen i Braås. Dessa bestod av ekonomichefen, controllern samt två projektledare.Slutsats: Resultaten som presenteras behandlar komplexiteten med att följa upp investeringar enligt dess faktiska kassaflöden och förkastar därmed en sådan uppföljning för Volvo Construction Equipment i Bråas.

As a result of increased energy prices more and more energy-efficient homes are coveted. An energy-efficient alternative is passive houses, which is characterized by an extremely well insulated building envelope that recovers the heat without the use of radiators or under floor heating. But a passive house requires a higher investment cost than a conventional building project, since it will require more construction materials, training of construction workers, greater land area, and long construction period. But the lower operating cost expects to pay back the higher cost of investment. We therefore question how profitable a passive house is in relation to houses built according to modern conventional building techniques.The aim of our study is to investigate the viability of passive houses compared to convent­ional houses.

The economic analysis of building contracts is an unexplored field within Law and Economics. This paper makes an attempt to cast some light over the subject and encourage to more research within the field. The main purpose has been to describe why the actual price in a public construction project often turns out to be higher than the contract price and offer a way of handle that risk. In the paper a model is set up that shows an optimal contract given expectations on actual price and gaps in contracts. Cost increases for the buyer can mainly be explained by two situations.

Abstract This essay is about girls that have chosen a gender atypical education on a gymnasia level. Since we are living in a society that is still today gender segregated in both working life as well as educational area, we find it interesting that it still exist an paradox which leads us to the question ?why? those girls and boys, woman and man choose so differently. We are not aiming towards study how many girls that have chosen a gender atypical education but rather how these girls that are on the construction program in one of Stockholm?s gymnasium have deliberated and what it is that has influenced them.

This thesis has been carried out within the bachelor program for mechanical engineering at Karlstad University in collaboration with BAE Systems in Karlskoga. The purpose with this work was to design a mechanism and associated parts for loading and unloading of shots between primary and secondary magazine in BAE's new 40mm's ship gun.Parts designed or redesigned among other things a transfer mechanism for shot at loading and unloading, well as a hatch mechanism which makes the shots do not fall out of the primary magazine when making separate use. Various important details have been designed to maintain a good functionality of the mechanism.The construction work has mainly been carried out in the CAD software Solid Edge and its associated FEM module. The construction work has also been carried out on rough calculations for constructed details in order to ensure that they meet the stringent requirements of military use in tough marine environment. Two of the most critical parts of the structure where analyzed with the FEM module for estimating the stresses in the material at the applied load.The final design, which is a result of the thesis, meets the requirement specification and the set targets.

The study aims to illustrate how women victims of male violence in intimate relationships are treated during the legal process and with professional perspective describe what women?s experiences considered to be in the legal process. The study also aims to draw attention to the interventions for abused women during the legal process.The results are based on interviews with professionals in the justice system, and on observations in the courtroom. Overall our results show that abused women are in need of a great quantity of help and support before, during and after the negotiation. The legal process is very stressful for the women.

Examensarbetet är gjort för NCC Construction AB i Karlstad, all indata är baserad på NCCs tidigare projekt i Värmland. De flesta byggentreprenörer hyr sina etableringsbodar med vetskapen om att det kostar mer än att investera i bodar, men utan studier på att det är lönsammare att köpa bodarna. Studien är gjord på Cramos energieffektiva bodar. Energiförbrukningen för produktion av en byggnad uppgår till 15 % av byggnadens livscykel, vilket leder till stora kostnader. En stor del av energin i produktionsskedet går till etableringsbodarna, undersökningar har gjorts på bodar för att få fram en energieffektiv bod och därmed har utgifterna på etableringarna minskat. Det finns ytterligare ett sätt att spara pengar på gällande etableringen och det är att äga sina etableringsbodar.

The aim with this work is to understand and point out how significant Facebook is for teenager´s identity-construction. Through interviews with six teenagers, three boys and three girls in the age of sixteen and seventeen, I investigated how teenagers use Facebook and what purpose these interviewees put out to be members at Facebook.The interview-material then was analyzed from selected sociological/social psychology theories and also previous research. The study showed that the interviewees self-presentations for the sake of their awareness was more characterized of reflexivity than spontaneity. Because of their broad audience they choose to not write or publish too private information about themselves on Facebook. Despite a reflexive approach the identity-construction on Facebook could be affected of other people in a negative direction.

The purpose of this study is to investigate ethnic discrimination in the recruitment process. National and international law protect individuals from ethnic discrimination by potential employers during the recruitment process.Despite the laws in place to protect human rights, minorities in society do not have the same opportunities in the labor market as the rest of the population. Minorities continue to have difficulties compared to Swedish nationals in the recruiting process. Highly educated immigrants seeking employment in Sweden continue to report being treated unfairly based on their ethnic background.Ethnic discrimination in the recruiting process is based on prejudice and stereotypes that affect decisions whether it is visible or hidden, intentional or unintentional.Under the law, it is not legal to base a decision on prejudices or stereotypes. Therefore, it is important for the employer to highlight the job requirements to ensure the recruitment process is ethical.

Handbok.

Global warming is a huge issue that humans have contributed to through over-exploitation of natural resources and extensive usage of fossil fuels. Now more than ever, we need to embrace a recycle thinking and reuse our waste, for example through producing biogas from our food waste. The purpose of this report was therefore to identify the energy usage and emissions resulting from the biogas chain which spans from Solna Stad to Uppsala Vatten. Furthermore, potential efficiency improvements were to be identified and proposed. This report focused mainly on the first part of the biogas chain that includes the collection of the food waste and the reloading process.

Vi har valt att undersöka vilka möjligheter och eventuella risker det finns att bygga högt i Stockholm. Undersökningen utgick på att jämföra olika byggtekniska lösningar för stomsystem. Hur tar stomsystemen hand om vertikala och horisontella laster? Vilket stomsystemen är lämpligast vid en viss höjd? Dessa är några av de frågor som besvaras i arbetet.De vertikala och horisontella lasterna är de faktorer som främst försvårar höghusbyggandet. Med en större belastning av laster ju högre det byggs måste stomsystemen dimensioneras med allt större noggrannhet för att lasterna ska nedföras till grundläggningen på ett säkert sätt.

This study concerns the complete oeuvre by the British author Helen Zahavi: Dirty Weekend (1991), True Romance (1994), and Donna and the Fatman (1998). Her novels are here read as a trilogy dealing with the dialectics of gender and violence in 20th century discourse, drawing on theories of how the construction of subjects is produced by power, of the relation between power and sexuality.The heroines of Zahavi?s novels try their best to move about in a world where their freedom of movement is limited to their female identity. In Dirty Weekend the protagonist tries to shoot her way out, claiming revenge on every man that is forcing himself upon her. She gains some freedom of movement by refusing subordination, but does not really change the order of power.

This thesis is concerned with political mobilization and the construction of a collective andsocial identity. The main purpose of the study is theoretical which emphasize their interaction.In order to do this I study the two phenomenons by seeing them as cases of each other. Wecannot understand one of the two phenomenons without taking into account the other as well.In addition, the secondary aim of my thesis is empirical. I use the political transformationduring the 70th and 80th on the eastern seaboard of Nicaragua to relate my theoretical analysisof political mobilization and the construction of identities. Nicaragua will provide mytheoretical analysis with new insights.

Background: Today businesses are largely structured in projects and temporary organizations. In many companies, the ability to pursue projects is decisive for the business efficiency and competitiveness. The risk literature do not discuss identification and handling ofproject risk in building- and construction companies to a large extent, which has led us to investigate how project risk can be treated and handled in Swedish building- and construction companies. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to cover and describe business risk in Swedish building- and construction projects with focus on different risks and risk tools, and also to modify a model for evaluating the business risk maturity. Realization: This thesis has both traces of a case study and a cross-section study and examines eight different companies that are active in the building- and construction business.