This essay deals with the principle of surprise warfare and its development as well as the adaptation of military action that had to be made to surprise the opponent in the modern era.The concept of surprise is divided into its components in order to clarify what is required to implement a surprising maneuver, to understand the complex concept and form a theoretical framework for gathering facts in the case study.Development and adaption are demonstrated by a comparative case study where Pearl Harbor illustrates an example of historical surprise and Operation Desert Storm illustrates a modern surprise. The product will then be analyzed in order to detect the development and how military conduct is forced to adapt in order to carry out a surprising maneuver. The results shows that the military action of performing a surprise attack has had a major development and is now carried out in a different stage of the attack..

This study investigates how the host community of Tenerife perceives the socio-cultural effects of tourism on the island. The method chosen for the study was qualitative interviews which were performed with six respondents, each born in Spain, living permanently in Tenerife and employed within service-related occupations. The interview material was interpreted and handled according to a hermeneutic approach. The results of the study showed that the respondents had an over-all positive perception of tourism. Perceived positive socio-cultural effects were related to cultural and linguistic influences.

I have done a theoretical essay and to find out the answer to my questions I used literature study as my method. You can kind of say that I have used the literature as my empirical material, so my essay is in one way a qualitative study. I choose to have a social psychologist perspective to approach my questions. To answer the questions I have used a couple of researchers who a find relevant to answer my questions. I found Meads symbolic interactionism together with Goffmans theatremeatphor as an important theory to explain the social interaction.

Borderline personlighetsstörning (BPS) är en psykiatrisk diagnos som kännetecknas av emotionell instabilitet och problem med relationer. Både anhöriga och vårdpersonal uttrycker svårigheter i kontakten med en person som har BPS. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att sammanställa och belysa forskning och självbiografier som beskriver hur personer med BPS upplever sin livsvärld. För denna studie användes en kombination av två metoder, en litteraturstudie av empiriska studier och analys av självbiografier. Fyra teman utgör resultatet: hur de upplever affekter, att leva med känslomässig smärta.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur stor del av de män och kvinnor som döms till fängelse som har uppmärksamhetsstörning (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD). Den skall även besvara frågan om huruvida det finns skillnader mellan könen i prevalens, samt om det finns korrelation mellan ADHD och Antisocial personlighetsstörning (ASPD). Metoden som används är självskattningsformulär som är välbeprövade inom detta område, Wender-Utah rating Scale (WURS) och Mini Neuropsykiatrisk Intervju (M.I.N.I.). Formulären besvarades av 49 fängelsedömda män och kvinnor, vilka var inskrivna på kriminalvårdsanstalter i mellansverige. Resultatet av studien visar att en hög andel av den aktuella populationen har både ADHD och ASPD.

The Swedish bank Handelsbanken has, according to their own way of measuring, been more successful than a weighted average of their competitors during the last 38 years. They have also handled the recent financial crisis, as well as the one in the 1990´s, better than most other banks. This paper studies their management control system at branch level in order to identify the controls which have been enforced to ensure that a low risk level is retained in the lending. The controls that have been identified are; (1) A decentralized organization with the offices as profit centers where the manager has restrictions regarding risk level and the results are measured as K/I (cost/revenue). (2) The absence of bonuses and individual follow-up regarding performance measurement.

Inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is a respiratory disorder that most commonly affects young horses performing at a high level. The clinical signs are often mild but the disorder can cause a marked decrease in performance to a point where the horse has to be taken of training and competing. The aetiology underlying IAD is not yet fully understood. One current theory is that a type I-hypersensitivity reaction due to allergens in the environment is the cause in some horses. The most reliable diagnostic method is a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) since it reflects the inflammatory status in the most distal parts of the lungs, which are affected in IAD.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder in the western world. A majority of those afflicted by a first acute episode is at high risk of developing sub-acute or persistent symptoms. Persistent LBP can be caused by pathological changes in the discs and disturbed neuromuscular activation, which can cause hypotrophy of the extensors strong type-2 muscle fibres. Deadlift (DL) is an exercise that may correct all these pathological transformations. Aim: To investigate the effect of DL-training on patients with persistent LBP.

According to statistics two thirds of Swedish criminals relapse into crimes within three years (Brå, 2007). Researchers suggest a relationship between attitudes toward crime and delinquent behaviour (Andrews & Bonta, 2003), but whether these attitudes are implicit or explicit remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure both constructs. Using SC-IAT (Karpinski & Steinman, 2006) and constructs from the Theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985), criminals (N = 51) in three different prisons in southern Sweden were tested. Analysis yielded mixed results.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the ways in which emotion regulation and mood affects risk taking when it comes to decision making competence. Emotion regulation is an essential part of the attachment process, the development of an autonomous self and functional stress coping systems. Research indicates that there is a relation between a distorted emotion regulation and some psychological disorders like depression, PTSD, anxiety disorders and borderline (or instable emotional personality disorder). There is a definite need to analyze the relation between emotion regulation and decision making competence since it is relatively unexplored. A digital questionnaire was distributed amongst the participants.

The aim of this study is to create a deeper understanding of the disease known as eating disorder. The study is based on four autobiographies written by individuals who themselves have been affected by eating disorders. These stories have been studied using a narrative approach. To achieve the purpose, the study is focused on what participants describe as the factors underlying the onset of the disease, the factors that participants describe maintained their eating disorders, as well as what is described to be the factors responsible for their recovery. By my interpretation of the stories, I have been able to identify common factors that all participants describe to be influential in their disease course.

Posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD) kännetecknas av tre huvudsymptom: undvikande, förnekande och hyperspändhet. Även koncentrationssvårigheter, ångest, depression, flashbacks och mardrömmar är vanligt förekommande hos individer med PTSD. Flyktingar i Sverige som har varit med om krig kan uppvisa dessa symptom. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka terapeuters upplevelser av arbete med patienter med krigsrelaterat PTSD. Intervjuer med åtta terapeuter utfördes.

Hyperthyroidism has become the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disorder in cats. The recommended treatment of choice in the literature is administration of radioactive iodine. This treatment has been available at a few veterinary clinics in Sweden since 1999. Forty-six cats treated with a standard dose (80 MBq) of radioactive iodine (131I) at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in the period 2000-2004 were followed for a median of 13 months (range 3-42 months) by means of a retrospective cohort study design. Tables predicting time of survival after treatment were made. At final follow-up thirty-nine cats (85%) were euthyroid, six cats (13%) remained hyperthyroid and one cat (2%) was hypothyroid.

It is a well-known fact that children with ADHD are hyperactive and have a hard time concentrating; therefore it is of interest to examine how teachers deal with this fact. This study expands the understanding of how teachers work with children who has ADHD; the main purpose of this study has been to examine how teachers view students with ADHD and how they work to include these students in the classroom environment.  special pedagogy has been used to analyze the results. The results are based on four interviews in two schools in south of Stockholm with teachers who work in classes that contain children in the third grade, some of the children have been diagnosed with ADHD and some only have strong characteristics for the functional limitation. Findings suggest that teachers? use structure, planning and the modification of students? individual needs to make them included in the classroom education.

Detta arbete syftar till att identifiera förbättringsmöjligheter gällande Uppsala Kommuns verksamhet runt Hem för Vård eller Boende (HVB) utifrån ett företagsekonomiskt perspektiv. Marknadsstrukturen och Uppsala Kommuns möjligheter att påverka aktörerna på marknaden har analyserats utifrån Caves Structure, Conduct, Performance paradigm och Håkansson et.al Aktörer ? Resurser ? Aktiviteter modell. Information samlades in genom intervjuer med både köp och säljsidan, Kommun och HVB. Resultatet av undersökningen visade på att ökad kommunikation och samordning mellan aktörerna skulle kunna leda till högre effektivitet på marknaden.