This essay ventilates the relatively new phenomenon employer branding. Due to societal changes, such as demographical and financial changes, the labour market in Sweden has changed. It is evident that an increasing number of organisations need to put more of an effort in their methods of attracting talent and retaining competence within the organisation. By a case study based on five interviews, the purpose of the study was to compare literature and practice to see how well they compare as well as how employer branding bring about different aspects of the effect. There was also an ambition to highlight aspects of employer branding considered important to have in mind when undertaking an employer branding exercise.

This study aims at examining the prospects for a policy transfer of a Swedish municipal environmental policy (that of Växjö) to the French urban commune Blois, for which an ambition of becoming a leading eco-city in France, was declared by the mayor in 2008.In the analysis, emphasis is laid on mechanisms to institutionalize the main environmental policy principles, such as political and institutional structures and processes. Other prospects for an institutionalization of a new environmental policy that are to be investigated are economic structures as well as visions of the different decision-makers concerned. Research methods used in the study are qualitative interviews, document studies and a questionnaire.The findings of the analysis show that today?s prospects for an environmental policy in Blois close to that of Växjö, are clearly limited. The limitations can partly be found in economic structures but these seem to be rather related to a lack of priority amongst actors.

The purpose of this master thesis was to study the librarians?assignment at the public accesses computers, especially howthe librarians perceive what their task is and what their taskshould be.In order to answer these questions a series of ten qualitativeinterviews ?inspired by the phenomenographic approach ?was conducted with librarians who were employed at smallpublic libraries in municipalities with 5 000 - 25 000residents in Sweden.The conclusions in the master thesis were that librarianshave both similarities and differences in how they perceivetheir tasks at the public computers. The most essential taskwas helping the user with information seeking. Thelibrarians also perceived that it should be included in theirduties to help users with the technical/practical issues at thepublic computers. Competence, time and assets were finallythree outlying factors which affected in what extent thelibrarians were able to help the users..

The creation of Region Skåne, and the transfer of the development responsibility from the national administrative country board (Länsstyrelsen) has given the state new challenges. New structures have grown between Region and State, and also between different municipalities. These can be characterized as Policy-networks, and the goal of this study is to analyze the planning process of the regional infrastructure with these theories.This is a qualitative study of the infrastructure process in Skåne, and the actors that acts within this process. It has been studied with the eyes of the theories of Governance and Policy-networks. The main method to collect material has been through interviews with different actors within the process, and very little written material has been used.

The focus of this project was to characterize the occurrence of ESBL-­?producing bacteria in two irrigation water ponds in Southern Sweden. Samples were taken from two ponds nearby each other, from which analyses were made based on levels of community and individual isolates. Community samples were used for attempts for characterization of resistance patterns in irrigation water using the Omnilog PM-­?plate system. The growth of community microbiota in the presence of the following antibiotic substances was assessed; amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, penicillin G, ampicillin, piperacillin, trimethoprim, potassium tellurite and ciprofloxacin. Isolates were pure cultured using semi-­?selective media: LB, Rainbow Agar, mEnterococcus, 0.1 TSA and VRBD. A total of 177 isolates were isolated randomly. Each isolate was identified using the Omnilog GENIII-­?system of biochemical characterization. Further, the isolates were tested on Brilliance ESBL-­?agar for their ability to grow. Out of the total number of isolates, 30 were selected, preferably Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas spp., based on their high similarity to library strain during the identification in the Omnilog-­?system. These were further characterized using Etest-­?sticks. Three selected strains were picked for further analyses using exogenous isolation for attempts to simulate horizontal gene transfer, and Omnilog PM-­?panels containing various antibiotics of interest. Selections of samples were chosen for molecular tests targeting plasmid-­?borne resistance genes CTX-­?M1, CTX-­?M2 and SHV. The method for assessing community-­?resistance patterns showed ambiguous data that was difficult to interpret; further optimization is recommended. For all tested PM-­?plates, generally greatest differences between substances were found among wells with the strongest concentration of antibiotic substance. A total of 175 isolates displayed ability to grow on ESBL-­?agar. Etests confirmed ability of isolates to resist many ?-­?lactam antibiotics and many were clinically resistant to certain substances. No plasmids were transferred during exogenous isolation. During molecular tests, a few matches were found for the CTX-­?M1 gene. Isolates analyzed with Omnilog PM-­?plates showed resistance to most compounds tested. The isolates showed greatest resistance toward penicillin G, ampicillin, amikacin, kanamycin and trimethoprim. In the study, it was established that resistance among bacteria was frequently occurring in the irrigation water, and ?-­?lactamase producing bacteria was very common. Extended studies are needed to assess the frequency-­? and occurrence of horizontal gene transfer (HGF) in this environment. Although some potential corresponding data is found, it is at this point not possible to determine whether the resistances are due to antibiotics used in veterinary medicine, human medicine or one additional reason is travel and trade. in irrigation water using the Omnilog PM-­?plate system. The growth of community microbiota in the presence of the following antibiotic substances was assessed; amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, penicillin G, ampicillin, piperacillin, trimethoprim, potassium tellurite and ciprofloxacin. Isolates were pure cultured using semi-­?selective media: LB, Rainbow Agar, mEnterococcus, 0.1 TSA and VRBD. A total of 177 isolates were isolated randomly. Each isolate was identified using the Omnilog GENIII-­?system of biochemical characterization. Further, the isolates were tested on Brilliance ESBL-­?agar for their ability to grow. Out of the total number of isolates, 30 were selected, preferably Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas spp., based on their high similarity to library strain during the identification in the Omnilog-­?system. These were further characterized using Etest-­?sticks. Three selected strains were picked for further analyses using exogenous isolation for attempts to simulate horizontal gene transfer, and Omnilog PM-­?panels containing various antibiotics of interest. Selections of samples were chosen for molecular tests targeting plasmid-­?borne resistance genes CTX-­?M1, CTX-­?M2 and SHV. The method for assessing community-­?resistance patterns showed ambiguous data that was difficult to interpret; further optimization is recommended. For all tested PM-­?plates, generally greatest differences between substances were found among wells with the strongest concentration of antibiotic substance. A total of 175 isolates displayed ability to grow on ESBL-­?agar. Etests confirmed ability of isolates to resist many ?-­?lactam antibiotics and many were clinically resistant to certain substances. No plasmids were transferred during exogenous isolation. During molecular tests, a few matches were found for the CTX-­?M1 gene. Isolates analyzed with Omnilog PM-­?plates showed resistance to most compounds tested. The isolates showed greatest resistance toward penicillin G, ampicillin, amikacin, kanamycin and trimethoprim. In the study, it was established that resistance among bacteria was frequently occurring in the irrigation water, and ?-­?lactamase producing bacteria was very common. Extended studies are needed to assess the frequency-­? and occurrence of horizontal gene transfer (HGF) in this environment. Although some potential corresponding data is found, it is at this point not possible to determine whether the resistances are due to antibiotics used in veterinary medicine, human medicine or one additional reason is travel and trade..

The market for management training programs is growing and the supply of the service is increasing and getting further diversified. A consequence is a market with a wide variety of definitions of the very concept of development, and subsequently a wide variety of practices and methods to achieve development. The individuals that are subject to these programs seldom know what they are purchasing, or what to expect. When assuming a transfer of the developers view on development to the subject, a need for a greater understanding of the concept arises. The purpose of this thesis is to understand what views on development do exist among management trainers and map underlying dimensions of the views to increase the understanding of the concept of development.

Scania provides a fleet management system for hauliers who want to control their fleets in anefficient way. The system includes an onboard computer with touch screen called ScaniaInteractor where the driver can access GPS navigation, order support, message service and otherfunctionalities. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a concept for logging the user interactionon the Interactor and analyze the result which enables further development and optimization ofthe interface.A demonstration application is designed, implemented and tested for the purpose of showing thepossibilities and difficulties with logging of interaction. The result shows that logging is quiteeasy to implement and that the amount of produced data is small and therefore not expensive totransfer via GPRS to a central server where searching and analysis can be done. On the otherhand, the biggest challenge lies in the analysis and interpretation of the logged data and to applyit to the development of the interface.

Information handling has been a key issue for different companies for a long time. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is used to transfer different business documents from one company to another. This is done in such way that the information itself is separated from how this information is stored and handled in the companies internal systems. As different companies have different systems there is a need for a standardised format for this exchange. There is a big difference between EDI-systems based on what kind of EDI-standard is used.

Vi lever längre, är friskare och både kan och vill jobba längre. Företagen och organisationer står inför ett ökande kompetensbehov. Vi inledde denna studie med tro och övertygelse om att en del av företagen skulle kunna utnyttja äldre medarbetare för att täcka en del av sina kompetens- och resursbehov. Vi önskade identifiera en del av de möjligheter och problem företag eller organisationer har och visa på goda exempel som fler företag eller organisationer skulle kunna ha glädje av.Vi har i studien tagit del av statistik, teori och praktiska exempel från olika företag som beskrivits på olika sätt i rapporter och artiklar. Vi har genom att intervjua tio (10) olika företag och organisationer funnit att det faktiskt förekommer ett mer utbrett Age Management arbete än vad vi hade föreställt oss, arbetsgivare ser allt mer till kompetens hos en person och allt mindre till ålder.Vi har funnit att ålder förstärks genom attityder, att "bli gammal" upptäcks inte automatiskt av en enskild person, ofta är det omgivning, arbetskamrater eller erbjudanden om seniorboenden vid 55 år som gör en person uppmärksam på att denne nu betraktas som "äldre".

Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka vilken progression som sker med elevernas kunskap inom fyra delområden i biologi. Progressionen har undersökts från årskurs nio till avslutade kurser i naturkunskap på gymnasiet. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av enkäter där eleverna har fått besvara öppna frågor kring fotosyntes, växthuseffekt, matspjälkning och genetik. Svaren kategoriserades utifrån tidigare forskning. Resultatet pekar mot en marginell progression i frågorna kring fotosyntes, växthuseffekt och genetik samt en stagnation kring frågan om matspjälkning.

Vår studie är inriktad på att finna en heltäckande modell för lönsamhetsberäkningar på utbildning mellan företag. Genom en fallstudie har vi studerat Axis Communications' Academy, där Axis Communications utbildar sina kunder inom nätverkskameror. Vi har fört samman avkastningsberäkningar (RoI) med kunskapsöverföring och utvärdering av utbildning till en modell vi kommit att kalla Modell för Kunskapsöverföring, Utvärdering och Lönsamhet, KUL-modellen. Modellen har sammanfört tidigare forskning inom Knowledge Transfer och Human Resource Development, för att komplettera RoI. I modellen framgår att det går att mäta kunskapsöverföringen i en utbildning genom faktorerna Erfarenhet, Avstånd, Relation, Motivation, Reaktion, Implicitet och Specificitet.

The purpose with this essay is to contribute with knowledge on how pedagogues in Swedish schools can prevent cultural clashes between themselves and their pupils and between pupils from different cultural backgrounds.The survey is done with qualitative interviews with three pedagogues.The result shows the importance that the pedagogues are positive to cultural meetings and that they acquire intercultural competence. The result also shows that the interviewed pedagogues acquired competences through direct meeting with students and their parents, courses, lectures and literature.The conclusion of this essay is that if pedagogues obtain more knowledge about their own and other`s culture, it would prevent cultural clashes in school.I believe that if the pedagogue teaches his/her students that there are different ways to think in the world, fewer cultural clashes would occur between the students.Key words: culture clash, education, communication.

Kunskapsöverföring har ansetts vara av vikt inom företag och organisationer för att bevara kunskapen, informationen och för att kunna förmedla den vidare till andra medlemmar. Studiens primära syfte var att genom forskningsteorier och intervjuer effektivisera Rädda barnens Ellen och Allan projekt i deras kunskapsöverföring. 5 aktiva medlemmar inom Ellen och Allan projektet intervjuades samt 1 kontrollintervju genomfördes med en rutinerad projektledare från Svenska kyrkan, för att få fram dennes syn på projektets nuvarande situation gällande kunskapsöverföring.     Resultatet visade att det finns en viss otrygghet i rollerna och framförallt hos projektledarna, som inte har någon specifik roll- eller uppdragsbeskrivning. Genom resultatet kunde vi även se att kunskapsöverföringen bör vara ett ingående moment i organisationens projektbeskrivning för att det ska fungera på bästa sätt. Fysiska möten och god kommunikation mellan deltagarna bör även prioriteras för att effektivisera kunskapsöverföringen inom projektet..

The establishment of loan-based structures within a group of associated enterprises with the purpose of lowering the group's taxes by using deductible interest payments to transfer money has become increasingly popular in Sweden during the past few years. The legislator has therefore implemented new laws which restrict the amount of interest payments that are deductible within a group of associated enterprises. As a consequence the definition of associated enterprises has become of high importance. The definition has been criticized and is perceived by many as vague and difficult to interpret. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the definition of associated enterprises in Swedish tax law with the aim of clarifying its scope and meaning.

Syfte Studiens syfte är att utvärdera internprissystemet på Blekingesjukhuset i Karlskrona. Metod Uppsatsen är en fallstudie av internprissystemet på Blekingesjukhuset i Karlskrona. För att tillföra en viss bredd till utvärderingen utgörs vårt empiriska material av intervjuer med såväl verksamhetschefer, planeringsstrateg, controllers samt sjukhusets ekonomidirektör. Med avsikt att underlätta presentationen av studiens resultat och utvärderingen, som sådan, har vi utformat en utvärderingsmall baserad på den information som samlats in under våra intervjuer. Slutsatser Studien pekar på att sjukhuset använder internprissystemet i syfte att skapa kostnadsmedvetenhet bland de anställda, för att på så sätt förhindra överkonsumtion av tjänster som utförs internt.