To work with environments outdoors for people, animals and plants is the main topic for the landscapearchitect. On several occasions the work is about public places that is to be in relation with other parts of the town. It is about the activities and the life that take place. The physical environment and the interpretation of it gives possibilities or obstructions for people who moves around or spend time in it.Since public places, parks and places for movement are used in daily life they strongly effect the people who use the places. The concequences of this effect can be positive or negative experiences.A positive example is a passage over a brook on the way to school while a negative one is to be afraid while passing a tunnel when it is dark outside. Other examples of concequences are stress effect from traffic noice or calming environments with twitter of birds. The physical environment is also a part of the total interpretation of a town.

Liberal theorists typically argue that state action should not favor any particular conception of the good or meaningful life. On this view the defining characteristic of the liberal state is neutrality among rivaling ideas of the good. This thesis argues that state neutrality is impossible to maintain in practice. Two different versions of state neutrality; neutral justification and neutral aims, are used to analyze a wide range of political issues. It is concluded that far from being neutral, the liberal state favors individualistic and market oriented conceptions of the good life.

15th of December 2005 was a historical day for the Iraqi people when they could vote for the first time in a free referendum for the draft of the new constitution. The result showed that 79% accepted it. The Iraqi constitution has been criticized by many for its Islamic ascendancy. By giving Islam the role as the source for legislation, will make the situation worse for the Iraqi women, so it has been said.My aim with this Master thesis is not to evaluate weather or not Islam as a religion will undermine women's roll in the society. My ambition is rather to examine the constitution in order to see which kind of theory of citizenship it is inspired from and how will it affect the situation of the Iraqi women.

Bedömning och betygsättning är ett ständigt diskuterat ämne inom lärarkåren och det finns inga tydliga svar på hur arbetet med det ska gå till. Syftet med denna studie var att, genom kvalitativa intervjuer, undersöka hur åtta lärare i ämnet idrott och hälsa arbetar med bedömning och betygsättning. Syftet uppnås med tre olika frågeställningar som rör lärarnas uppfattningar kring bedömning och betygsättning, bedömningar som ligger till grund för betygen samt vad som påverkar lärarnas bedömningar. Metoden som används i studien var av kvalitativ art och genomfördes med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer.Den insamlade empirin analyserades med studiens utvalda teoretiska utgångspunkter som rör läroplansteori, ramfaktorteori och praxisgemenskapsteori (Community of practice). Resultatet som framkom i studien var att lärarna upplevde en stor tolkningsfrihet när det kommer till läroplanen och hur undervisningen planerades.

Bakgrund - Med internets framväxt har nya kommunikationsvägar öppnats och möjliggjort samskapande mellan användare utan koppling till tid eller rum. Wikipedia är ett community som har dragit nytta av den nya teknik, som internet har fört med sig, och sajten är idag den sjätte största på internet. Som alla communities styrs Wikipedia av normer och värderingar (Schouten & McAlexander 1995). Dessa värderingar möjliggör att användarna kan skapa artiklar och därigenom värdet på Wikipedia. Vargo och Lusch (2004) menar dock att organisationer endast kan ge tjänsteerbjudanden och att värdet sedan skapas tillsammans med användaren.Studien kartlägger hur Wikipedias värderingar styr användarna till att skapa artiklar på sajten.

I Sverige växer intresset för att odla sina egna grönsaker, men få bostadsområden erbjuder möjlighet till odling och det är högt tryck på befintliga kolonilotter. Det är därför nödvändigt att ge plats åt nya former av odling i den urbana miljön. En sådan utveckling går i linje med den omställning mot hållbar stadsutveckling som städerna står inför. Kommunen behöver ge praktiska exempel på hållbara lösningar och en väg att gå är att låta medborgarna odla i det offentliga rummet. Uppsatsen avser att ta fram en förstudie till ett projekt som ska bidra till en förbättrad hållbar stadsutveckling. Projektet som föreslås är att parkkontoret i Lunds kommun tillsammans med odlingsintresserade invånare anlägger en stadsdelsträdgård på den stora gröningen i Folkparken.

Användandet av tekniska artefakter som verktyg i undervisningen har ökat drastiskt de senaste åren i Sverige. Trots det finns det få undersökningar om ursprungskällans perspektiv på den nya vardagen, det vill säga elevernas upplevelser. Studiens syfte är att undersöka på vilka sätt eleverna kommunicerar i Lillhagaskolan efter införandet av Apples iPad och en-till-en metoden, det vill säga en teknisk artefakt per elev i undervisningen, samt vilka sammanhang som formar kommunikationspraktikerna. För att undersöka området använde vi oss av en kvalitativ metod, genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med några utvalda elever i årskurs sju.Datainsamlingen från vår studie har sedan analyserats med hjälp av Wengers teori om socialt lärande det vill säga praktikgemenskap. Den beskriver relationerna mellan praktiker, sociala gemenskaper, meningsskapande och utvecklingen av identitet vilka anses vara grundläggande aspekter för lärande.

On the 1st of January 2009, a new regulation regarding interest deduction limitations was enforced. The aim was to prevent tax structure with interest deductions in a community of interest. The changes meant that intra-group share transfers, which generates an intra-group loan structure, can lead to borrower losing their right to deduct interest expenses. Except from the main rule two exceptions were also introduced. These eliminates the limitations, and accept the deductibility despite the above conditions.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze Martti Ahtisaari?s comprehensive reportfor Kosovo, CPS, based on theories about democracy, democratization andmulticulturalism. The essay is a way to make a contribution to research on howthe international community can contribute to democratization processes ingeneral, as the CPS gives the expression and democratization of contextscharacterized by multicultural problems in particular. In this paper, we implementa qualitative text analysis of our main material CPS. The qualitative text analysiscan be applied in studies as ours when sought contents of the text are hidden underthe surface.

This paper argues that the food industry in general and the one taking place in Scania in particular, are disregarded in the official management of industrial preservation carried out in Sweden today. Despite the articulated ambition of a cultural heritage that as many as possible could identify with, the practice tend to create an industrial heritage based on stereotype ideas about the landscape in Sweden and the characteristics of industry. The way the open land of Scania differs from the traditional image of the appearance of Sweden, is used as one possible way to explain why the food industries of Scania are overseen in the management of industrial heritage. It is also argued that the high number of female employees might bee a reason why the food industries in general are given low priority in the practice of cultural heritage. By putting the Findus pea industry and the cultivated landscape that provides the factory with primary products against the official criteria for industrial memories, it is examined what values for preservation the food industry contain..

It appears from today's debate about the quality of social work and addiction treatment that largely focuses on the impact of recent various interventions in the hope of being able to alter social work's role in society and also the organizational structure. The debate points to a part of the 1970s social welfare debate. Today's aspirations to establish an evidence-based practice can hardly be expected to solve the social services basic dilemmas is that it always have to do something, despite the many times you cannot get clear instructions on which funds should be used by law or science. Even if you follow the rules and practices based on scientific studies should the importance of various key initiatives to remedy deficiencies in social service work with addicts in large part depend on how, in these initiatives define the term "evidence-based practice" and what steps will be indicated for to develop practice. My starting point was to explore how evidence-based social work in connection with medication-assisted treatment for opiate addiction look, which evidence-based interventions Social Services currently uses in connection with medication-assisted treatment for opiate addiction, as well as how to work with it in the ordinary course of business. The study showed that social services have become better at using these methods in recent years and that today there are more tools available than before.

The purpose of this study is to analyse asylum seeking converts understanding of their conversion process based on church context, specifically within the realm of evangelical church and theology. Through the method of content analysis this essay analyses six qualitative interviews done with converts from two Islamic traditions to Swedish free church Christianity. The essay discusses the results through the lens of Lewis Rambos seven-phase theoretical concept of conversion. The important results given by this study shows that the first contact with other Christians in a new country, which creates a new community serving as an interpretive framework for their lives, triumphs the question of the theological perception for the conversion. Also, the results shows that intellectual understanding of the doctrines of faith is less important relative to the conversion process best described by the words touched, taught, and transformed.

During the 20th century Sweden faced an increased proportion of workers registered as part-time unemployed, especially in the care sector. However, due to many valuable efforts, aimed at solving the problem of part time unemployment and political decisions, the number of people who are part-time unemployed has declined since the late 20th century. We have investigated part-time workers preferential right to extending their working hours. According to Section 25 a of the Employment Protection Act, part-time employees who have submitted an interest in increasing their working hours has a preferential right to increased working hours, with the assumptions that full-time employment with the employer will meet a labor need that the employee has sufficient qualifications for.Qualitative interviews have given us information about how Karlstad Community and a private care company deal with part-time unemployment and their workers preferential right to extending their working hours. We have found that people who work for Karlstad Community have an opportunity to choose their number of workings hours, thanks to a political decision made in Karlstad Community, aimed at solving the part time unemployment in the care sector.

In 2010 the Church of Sweden initiated a project to elaborate a new handbook for church services and church documents. This handbook draft was ready to be tested in 2012. The first Sunday of Advent 2012 the church launched an extensive trial for the draft for the new handbook; this handbook draft will now be tested in a selected variety of Swedish parishes until Judgment Sunday 2013. Upon which the Church of Sweden will evaluate and respond to the comments and reactions from the Swedish congregations in terms of the handbooks proposal. My main goal with this paper is that I?m hoping to be able to examine where the need for a new handbook for church services originates.

General principles of law can be defined as a legal foundation with the function of codifying basic values. They can also be of a character, which makes them useful as supplement and interpretation of law. EU has developed principles of law that can be divided into general and special. Within the Union there are existences of around twenty general ones. A further separation can be made in terms of institutional and individual.