Syftet var att undersöka vilka psykologiska och emotionella reaktioner som förekom i samband med idrottsskada. Vad som gjorde att en ung idrottsflicka kommer tillbaka till idrotten och vad som får henne att följa rehabiliteringsplanen efter en allvarligt idrottsskada.?Cognitive appraisal model? (Wiese-Bjornstal et al. 1998) har använts som teoretisk model för en djupintervjustudie med fyra 17-18 års elitidrottsflickor i lagbollspelen fotboll och handboll. Deltagarna intervjuades 3 gånger.

Our purpose was to examine how social workers, within the child- and youth psychiatry, works with aggressive children and which theoretical perspectives they use. The questions we wanted to examine were how they worked with these children, how they motivated their work and which theoretical perspectives they used. The method that was used was a qualitative interview, where six social workers were interviewed. The result showed that their work foremost was based on conversation methods and all social workers emphasized the importance of a near cooperation with the parents since they considered that parents had the strongest influence on the children. Some social workers focused foremost on altering children's aggressive behavior while others focused on understanding the meaning of the behavior.

In this study I investigated whether the strength in the manual response for emotional and neutral stimulus search arrays can explain some of the difference in reaction times (RT:s) for emotional stimuli, or not. Earlier, perceptual, cognitive and attentional processes has mostly been used to explain the variance in RT:s. Thirtythree individuals were asked to, as fast as possible, detect a target picture among distractor pictures in 3 rows x 4 columns arranged search arrays. The pictures were categorized in fear relevant animals (snake, spider) and neutral animals (cat). The results showed, more correct responses for cat target.

Background: Loneliness is an ordinary but complex concept which exist of several dimensions. Loneliness can mean and create suffering for the individual but there is sometimes a need to be alone and some individuals who live alone can experience a communion with the existence itself.Aim: To clarify the concept loneliness and its complexity with focus on the experience of loneliness in elderly individuals.Method: Walker and Avants (2005) model for concept analysisResults: The defining attributes the analysis resulted in that the experience of loneliness in elderly individual's is: a subjective and unique experience; positive or negative and ranges in intensity; strongly connected to communion and social relationships with other individuals; connected to loss and miss of one or several elements as meaningful interactions, communion, physical abilities, work, respect, health and quality of life. The attributes were also closely connected to their antecedents and consequences. To clarify the concept further was a model case, a borderline case and a contrary case created. The empirical referents are presented in the discussion.Conclusion: Through clarifying the core of the concept with focus on elderly individual's experience of loneliness is the hope that this concept analysis can support nursing staff to search for understanding for the elderly individual's experience of loneliness and pay attention to its complexity..

Kroppsmissnöje är mer utbrett hos kvinnor än hos män visar tidigare studier (Feingold & Mazzella, 1998) men även män börjar bli kroppsmissnöjda (Cash, Morrow, Hrabosky & Perry, 2004). Detta undersöktes tillsammans med självkänsla och kroppsjämförelse hos män och kvinnor och även de som har partner eller är singlar i ljuset av Social Comparison Theory och Cognitive Dissonance Theory. 133 personer testades med Body-Esteem scale, Figure Drawing Rating Scale, Self-esteem Scale och Universalistic Social Comparison Scale. Resultatet indikerar att båda könen är relativt nöjda men kvinnorna är något mindre nöjda med utseendet med sin kropp. Studien visar även att kvinnors idealbild är en smalare kropp medan männens idealbild är en muskulösare kropp.

Imagery is an individual and cognitive process (Morris, Spittle, & Watt, 2005). This study has therefore qualitatively examined following objectives: (1) elite powerlifters imagery experiences and (2) if elite powerlifters use imagery deliberately. Five elite powerlifters participated in the study (3 men, 2 women), they were 21-37 years old (M = 27.6; SD = 6.1). The Individual Profile of Imagery Experiences in Sport (IPIES; Weibull, 2008b) was modified and used to meet the objectives for the study. Imagery was used by all elite powerlifters.

The purpose of this paper is to find out pedagogues approach to intercultural education through IVIK, goals and guidelines, the school for newly arrived students and how student experience and knowledge are utilized. In my study, I used a qualitative research method. I have interviewed four teachers and four students and a school administrator at IVIK. Results of the study show that most teachers have a good understanding of interculturalism, but that doesn?t mean that teachers make of this relationship means in their teachings.

In this study we wanted to have a closer look at how a specific working team of pedagogues in the senior part of elementary school works with student influence through a pedagogical concept created by themselves. We have used qualitative interviews as a method to achieve relevant information from the pedagogues, and from students teached by the same.The purpose of the study was to investigate how the working team, through the concept, pursue real student influence within different school subjects and how the individual student is favored in his/her learning process. Another intention was to find out to what extent the students experience this influence. We also wanted to elucidate the advantages as well as the disadvantages of this concept, and to shed some light on how the informants view the future development of the concept.The result shows that consensus prevails to a large extent among teachers and students regarding the signification of real student influence in the everyday learning situation. It also appears that the students? abilities to exercise influence vary between different school subjects.

AbstractThe phonics is traditionally firmly established within reading acquisition in Swedish schools. The curriculum, Lpo 94 gives spacious independence regarding the question of method and we have to be aware of our own point of view when we are making the decision regarding the method of reading acquisition. Is it tradition or is it our linguistic point of view that is the determining factor? Through this study of literature, different publications from different times are being studied and the ideas and the linguistic point of view are being discussed. Through comparing between the curriculums that have been replaced of one another, and attending to linguistic discussion and research, we will be able to see a change in the linguistic point of view.

Kroppsmissnöje är mer utbrett hos kvinnor än hos män visar tidigare studier (Feingold & Mazzella, 1998) men även män börjar bli kroppsmissnöjda (Cash, Morrow, Hrabosky & Perry, 2004). Detta undersöktes tillsammans med självkänsla och kroppsjämförelse hos män och kvinnor och även de som har partner eller är singlar i ljuset av Social Comparison Theory och Cognitive Dissonance Theory. 133 personer testades med Body-Esteem scale, Figure Drawing Rating Scale, Self-esteem Scale och Universalistic Social Comparison Scale. Resultatet indikerar att båda könen är relativt nöjda men kvinnorna är något mindre nöjda med utseendet med sin kropp. Studien visar även att kvinnors idealbild är en smalare kropp medan männens idealbild är en muskulösare kropp.

Belöningssystem används flitigt i arbetslivet men forskningen kring dess effekter på anställda ha varit snål. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur ekonomisk belöning uppfattas av fastighetsmäklare samt vilken effekt det kan ha på deras motivation, prestation och lojalitet gentemot företaget. Sex stycken kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med fastighetsmäklare från olika lokalkontor i stockholmsområdet. Tematisk analys gjordes med teoretisk grund i Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET) samt Self-Determination Theory (SDT). CET utgår ifrån att människor bedömer händelser utifrån en kontrollerande och en informerande aspekt medan SDT handlar om hur motivation kan vara mer eller mindre externt reglerad.

The aim of this study was to analyze the assessment of the primary school, from the teacher?s perspective. There has been an ongoing discussion regarding assessment and about the purposes of assessment for a long time. But there is a paucity of research on what teachers believe about. This study examined primary teachers? beliefs on major purposes of assessment.Assessment is the process of gathering and interpreting information about students? learning.

Denna systematiska litteraturstudie upprättats av intresse att undersöka hur inkludering påverkar eleverna i matematiksvårigheter. Syftet med studien är att beskriva de utmaningar som läraren ställs inför vid inkludering av elever i matematiksvårigheter. Detta leder även till att det blir av intresse att undersöka sambandet mellan begreppen inkludering och elever i matematiksvårigheter. Resultatet visar på att många forskare ställer sig positiva till inkludering, men menar att lärare behöver mer kompetens på området. Det påvisas även att inkludering inte passar alla elever i matematiksvårigheter.

Swedish students' knowledge of both mathematics and reading comprehension has deteriorated in recent years. Scientists are discussing whether there is a connection between these areas and that the pupils deteriorating math skills may have something to do with their increasingly lower results in terms of reading comprehension. To investigate this possible connection, I conducted a survey among students in ninth grade and have come to the conclusion that the scientists are right: this connection absolutely exist. Students who received a high score on tasks designed to test students' mathematical problem-solving skills, also received high results on the reading comprehension test. And students who received a poor performance on the problem-solving tasks, were also low performers in the reading comprehension test.

Uppsatsen har som utgång att besvara de grundläggande frågor som vi ställer oss; (1) kan det vara så att individer som startar företag uppfattar risk annorlunda än individer som inte väljer att starta företag? (2) Stämmer den spridda uppfattningen om att entreprenörer är mer riskbenägna än andra? (3) Vilka faktorer kan förklara skillnader i riskbenägenhet och riskuppfattning? Utifrån dessa frågor går vi igenom och beskriver forskning inom området och skapar hypoteser som vi sedan empiriskt prövar. Utifrån resultaten som vår undersökning genererat tyder vissa svar på att entreprenörer som grupp påvisar liknande personlighetsdrag, samt att de har en annorlunda riskuppfattning jämfört med icke-entreprenörer, vilket kan ses som skillnader i dessa personers undermedvetna (cognitive bias) som vi antog. Men eftersom vår studie behandlade ett relativt litet urval, rekommenderar vi därför att vidare studier och forskning kring detta ämne bör genomfras för att ge en vidare inblick i detta ämne som kan underlätta för entreprenörer och framtida investerare..