I bakgrunden beskrivs hur hygien har sett ut genom tiderna och olika typer av smittvä-gar. Vidare beskrivs handhygien, preoperativ handdesinfektion, användningen av hand-skar samt operationspersonalens klädsel. För att minska smittspridning och infektioner är det av stor vikt att operationssjuksköterskorna har goda kunskaper om hygienrutin-erna. Syftet med studien är att studera vilka kunskaper operationssjuksköterskor har om hygienrutiner. Fyra operationssjuksköterskor på ett sjukhus i Västra Götalandsregionen har intervjuats med öppna intervjuer.

Ett av målen inom det nätverksbaserade försvaret, NBF, är skapandet avbehovssammansatta förband, det vill säga möjligheten att snabbt kunna kombinera olikaresurser inför en specifik uppgift. Tillit inom dessa förband framstår här som en mycketviktig parameter för att de ska kunna agera gemensamt mot uppställda mål.Denna uppsats genomförs som en kvalitativ undersökning och dess syfte är att, genomintervjuer med officerare ur Armén och Helikopterflottiljen, söka svar på hur man skakunna skapa tillit inom dessa behovssammansatta förband. Empirin från genomfördaintervjuer har prövats mot de ledarskapsteorier som idag används inom den svenskaFörsvarsmakten, samt mot en utvald del av den svenska teorimängd som idag finns atttillgå om nätverksbaserat försvar.Resultatet visar hur viktigt det är att Försvarsmakten snarast börjar öva i NBF-miljöer, trotsatt materiel och metoder inte är färdigdefinierade. Dessutom påvisas att det idag inte finnsen tillräckligt klar definition inom den svenska Försvarsmakten av vad begreppetbehovssammansatta förband innebär och att denna snarast bör skapas. Därutöver visas atttillit inom behovssammansatta förband både består av förtroende för utsedda chefer, samttillit mellan ingående förband.

This masters thesis investigates the relation between China and the Information Society as it is manifested in the UN conference the World Summit on the Information Society WSIS. The first phase of this two-phase conference took place in Geneva 10-12 December 2003, with two documents, Declaration of principles DP and Plan of action PA, as main results. The information policy is central to an authoritarian rule in its efforts to keep control over the national identity. The thesis investigates the impact that the information revolution and Internet might have on the Chinese national identity through the acceptance of DP and PA in various aspects. With the use of the information science theories by Manuel Castells and Frank Webster, the vision of WSIS was compared with the Chinese information policy.

The Anglo-Saxon trust is not a new phenomenon, but existed as early as in the Middle Ages. The concept is customary among common-law countries, such as England the US,but unfamiliar to civil-law countries like Sweden. The person who creates the trust is called a settlor, the one who holds and administer the property is a trustee and the person who benefits from the settlement is called a beneficiary.In Sweden there is no legislation of how the trust ought to be assessed, but the need to understand it has probably increased with the internationalization.The Swedish Supreme Administrative Court has had a few opportunities to elucidate some of the uncertainties regarding trusts, but chose to abstain. With this The Swedish Tax Panel has very limited guidance from the court when they receive an application of an advance notice.A trust is not a legal entity nor a tax subject. This differs the trust from a foundation and they can not be placed on an equality from a Swedish tax perspective.In an advance notice, 2010-03-23 (dnr 103-09/D) om Inkomstskatt: Inkomst av tjänst ? värdepappersförmån, the Swedish Tax Panel equalizes the trust property with shares when determining how to tax the assets.

The work has been performed in collaboration with Jönköping University. The aim of this work has been to study different methods for mobile adaption of large CMS (Content Management System) websites, where the website of Jönköping has been used as a reference.The website at Jönköping University is used daily by current students, faculties, prospective students and external users. Research carried out by the University shows that the use of mobile devices has increased, and it is therefore necessary to examine the mobile adaptation of the large CMS website.A layout proposal has been suggested by determining which method that is most relevant for mobile adaption of a large CMS website. The website should adapt to different resolutions and devices according to how the existing website is based in the current situation. Emphasis has been put on menu operations, to navigate through the large website in a user-friendly way.

The main purpose of this master thesis is to give the reader a picture of the experience of art and of its room in the public libraries, but above all to examine the phenomenon temporary art exhibitions in public libraries in the county of Östergötland. The study is limited to a specific activity of art, namely temporary exhibitions in libraries. Geographically, the investigation is limited to the public libraries and their branch libraries in Östergötland. Time concentrates on the present situation in 2000 and 2001. Methodologies are partly observations in some libraries, partly qualitative questionnaires to all primary libraries and their affiliates in Östergötland.

Ronneby flygplats är en flottiljflygplats som ägs och drivs av försvarsmakten och som är öppen för civil trafik. Flygplatsen är lokaliserad i Kallinge strax norr om Ronneby tätort i Blekinge län. Flygplatsens tillgänglighet med allmänna kommunikationer är idag begränsade. Syftet med studien har varit att analysera och karaktärisera Ronneby flygstationsområde samt bidra med förbättringsförslag till hur flygplatsens tillgänglighet kan öka. Analyser har genomförts för att försöka ge en god helhetsbild av planområdet och dess omgivning samt de olika faktorer som spelar in.

Today, the catering personnel are an essential part of the safety organization on board Swedish passenger vessels in ferry services. Their responsibilities for the safety on board have increased in connection with the changes in regulations made on the shipping industry. These changes have been mostly related to human factors and structural leadership in the last 25 years.A well-functioning safety organization requires competence and commitment from every individual. Previous researches on Swedish passenger ferries concerning the safety organization have raised issues regarding the catering personnel?s perception of the safety on board.

Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva och analysera hur en yrkesgrupp påverkas av förändrade kompetenskrav och upprepade verksamhetsövertaganden.Metod: Vi har gjort en kvalitativ fallstudie av ambulanssjukvården i Östergötland, en del av sjukvården som är offentligt finansierad men som drivs av en privat entreprenör. Såväl primär- som sekundärdata har använts.Teoretiska perspektiv: Teoriavsnittet innefattar offentlig sektors omvandling, kompetens, förändring, stress, yrkesroll och yrkesidentitet.Empiri: Primärdata har inhämtats från tre intervjuer med personer som har god kontakt med den specifika verksamheten och de anställda. Sekundärdata har inhämtats från tryckt litteratur och ett antal elektroniskt publicerade artiklar.Slutsats: Ambulanssjukvården har de senaste decennierna genomgått vissa förändringar. Verksamheten har privatiserats, blivit mer tekniskt avancerad och dessutom har Socialstyrelsen höjt kompetenskraven för de anställda. De ökade kompetenskraven har lett till en ökad fokusering på formell utbildning, och försök till att stärka yrkesidentiteten och strävan efter professionalisering..

The transformed municipality ? Economic and social growth in Örnsköldsvik 1997-2007Author: Kristina HanssonThis thesis focuses on the economic and social growth in the municipality of Örnsköldsvik. It is a single case study and the municipality is studied through economic theories concerning regional growth in the period of 1997-2007. The aim is to analyse whether these theories, such as Åke E. Anderssons and Ulf Strömquists K-society, and other more or less microeconomic assumptions, also are applicable in smaller local contexts.

There are changes in Sweden's foreign policy, and Sweden is no longer a non-aligned and neutral nation. Sweden has expressed a willingness to actively participate in creating peace and stability in the world by giving and receiving military assistance in case of war, crisis or disaster. This is described as complete turnaround in Swedish policy compared to the neutrality and non-alignment during the Cold war.However new research shows that defence cooperation is not new in the Nordic region. Sweden cooperated secretly with Denmark and Norway, two NATO countries, about co-operative defence of Scandinavia during the Cold War.Is our historical picture wrong and what we perceive as new and revolutionized not particularly new? Is today's open Nordic defence cooperation a continuation of what was done in secret during the Cold War? The essay investigates and compares two different Swedish defence cooperation?s where one was previously secret and the other is open.

According to the health care law and the national care guarantee, all individuals with mental illness have the right to good health care that is knowledge based as well as to rehabilitation where and when they need it. They also should be able to choose and have control over who is performing the care, including the design of these efforts. The purpose of this study is to investigate patients' experiences of general psychiatric emergency care and the cooperation between outpatient care, inpatient care and the municipality. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted with a quantitative and qualitative method. The study is performed in collaboration with Akademiska Sjukhuset and is part of a larger quality improvement project.

The subsidiary company of Swedish Match AB called Intermatch Sweden AB has submitted a claim to RegR for them to change the notification of SRN, regarding the company?s settlement of foreign tax. To make the matter clear Intermatch Sweden AB has pointed out that they consider deductions for depreciations not to have an effect on the foreign income when the amount to settle is calculated. The intention with this study is to analyse the legal situation regarding how the level of the settlement is affected by the consolidated costs. Such as additional depreciations regulated in the law ?Settlements of foreign tax?.

About a quarter of the Swedish land area is covered with shallow or thick peat. There is a potential to increase forest production in Sweden with almost 2 million m3/year in selected peatlands with low conservation values. This increase can be accomplished by drainage, complementary drainage, ditch maintenance operations and fertilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge regarding the management of forests on peatlands and was restricted to selected forest companies in Västerbotten County, with offices in Umeå. Three companies were chosen, SCA, Holmen and Norra Skogsägarna.

In 2014-2015 a large-scale Ebola epidemic occurred in West Africa. The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency was given the order to conduct the Swedish response. The purpose of this case study was to investigate the impact on project planning of the three factors: the nature of the crisis, political initiative and developing countries. In this case study the crisis was an epidemic, and the project was initiated by the Swedish Government and conducted in two developing countries. The results were intended to contribute to developed understanding and recommendations for future project managers in similar projects.