Over the past twenty years, the cooperation within the European Union (EU) has strengthened and expanded with both more number of Member States and stronger influence on international politics. The unique character of the Union and its ability to enforce peace and humanitarian intervention has attracted attention in political science. This prominent position of the Union is perceived by many scholars who often hold this derived from the Union's influence in international relations. Various terms have been used to define the powers of the Union. The British researcher Ian Manners states that the unique identity of the Union in the international arena is formed by its normative power.  An important policy area within the Union is the environmental cooperation.

Denna uppsats studerar vilka könsmönster som finns i Jokkmokks kommuns skolor och hur dessa ser ut. Genom en teori som Yvonne Hirdman har om hur genus skapas och vidmakthålls ges ett svar på uppsatsens syfte. Den går i stort ut på att vi kan se en process genom tiderna som kännetecknas av två logiker. Den första är att mannen och kvinnan isärhålls. De tillskrivs olika egenskaper, de ska göra olika sysslor och de ska befinna sig på olika platser.

Since a few years back television has been on a verge of an enormous digital change. Web-TV is now growing at an incredible rate and is said to completely change the way we consume TV. The purpose of this essay is to determine and gain an understanding of how representatives of the broadcast industry looks at the phenomenon of web-TV and especially the different kinds of online video services and how they believe this will affect the television. Methods used are qualitative interviews which we compared with previous studies on the subject and acknowledged communication theories. The respondents were people with good insight and understanding of the media and TV industry.

AbstractTurkey has emerged as a major actor in the Middle East over the last decade, since the ruling party AKP came to power in 2002. Turkey is now playing a mediation role in regional conflicts and has been speaking out loudly on sensitive issues such as the Iranian nuclear program and the Palestinian- Israeli conflict. Furthermore, Turkey has established close ties with the Arab world which has suffered the relationship with its long-time ally Israel. This new presence in Middle East has been criticized by Turkey's allies in west. Critics argue that the country is about to abandon its former western relationship and strengthen their ties with the Arab world instead.This thesis has two main purposes.

 AbstractSystem methodology is in the very heart of system development, it is a crucial part of how you define your work, how you choose to approach the actual problem at hand and how to solve it. Researchers in the system development field has shown that not all methods in theory are in compliance with how it is practiced by the companies who use them. In our thesis we have studied a larger international IT- company and one of their local offices in Sweden, who some years back changed their system development method from a more traditional to an agile one. Our aim of this study has been to establish whether both of these methods has differed between theory and in actual use, and if so, why this has occurred and what the underlying rationality might have been to promote this change. Our questions that we sought to answer were; 1.

Uppsatsens syfte är att påvisa om det finns speciella egenskaper hos ungdomssegmentet, och i så fall vilka, som har betydelse för ett företags kommunikation av sitt varumärke till ungdomar, samt att diskutera vilka eventuella konsekvenser en föryngring av varumärket skulle få för företaget. Vi har i denna uppsats valt att använda oss av en kvalitativ metodansats. Vi anser att detta val av metod har gjort det möjligt för oss att få en djupare förståelse för problemet och att anpassa vårt problem i takt med nya upptäckter. I uppsatsen behandlas teorier om ungdomar, kommunikation och varumärkesorientering. Teorin tas upp utifrån två perspektiv, kommunikationsmottagarens och kommunikationssändarens.

The consumer society exploits the earth?s resources more than the earth itself has capability to produce. This over-consumption causes a mass production of products, which mean that more greenhouse gases are being emitted to the atmosphere. This is one of the reasons why the earth?s temperature is rising, where the result of it is worldwide disasters.

At the workplace, different types of discussions take place, where employers meet members of staff. Some of these discussions take the form of an employer correcting a member of staff; that is the employer wanting the member of staff to change his/her behaviour. The correcting discussion has a very important role within labour legislation as it is often this measure that the employer takes to bring about change. If this does not happen then more severe disciplinary measures like a warning or giving notice will be necessary. This paper is about the employer's role in the corrective discussion. How an employer can work with the corrective discussion but also what effects can be experienced due to the discussion. To understand how an employer experiences the corrective discussion, 98 employers within a municipality have received a web questionnaire via the computer program Esmaker. Of these employers 68 answered the questions, which is a response of barely 70%.

This thesis examines the subject of change in public administration from an instrumental and an institutional structure perspective. The purpose of the thesis is to examine whether institutional structures affect the development of instrumental structures and if it in turn is possible to affect institutional structures by changing the instrumental structures. This case study is primarily based on a series of deep interviews with senior administrators and politicians within two new administrations in the municipality Karlstad, both which have been created by merging several smaller administrations, but also thorough analysis of several official document such as protocols from the municipal council meetings, Tja?nsterskrivelser and internal PMs.   The result of the analysis indicates that both institutional structures and the forming instrumental structures affect each other and  that their ability to affect each other depends on the dominance over the organization each structure has.  In my specific research case we can see that the institutional structure of the city-technical and housing administration has affected the outcome but the institutional structure of the cultural and tourism administration hasn?t.  While the structural change of the city-technical and housing administration hasn?t effected the institutional structure but the structural change of the cultural and tourism administration has affected the institutional structure of this specific administration..

This thesis aimed to describe how the ideological dividing line concerning the welfare state has changed between the two largest governmental parties in Sweden, the Social Democrats and the Moderaterna, during 1990 to 2010. The scientist Mark Blyth points out that ideas are important instruments for structural and institutional change by identifying ideas as weapons, blueprints and cognitive locks, which were being used in the theoretical framework. The empirical data was made by a qualitative analysis of the parliamentary speeches and debates from both parties held every year. The results shows that the budgetary law passed in 1997 became a new institutional blueprint, which changed the political conditions for the Social Democrats. Furthermore, the results point to a change in the Moderaterna?s rhetoric concerning the welfare state to a more pragmatic view. .

This work examines the students´ thoughts on climate change with a focus on carbondioxid through photosynthesis and the carbon emissions from cars. The study is based on two subject areas, one with a focus on enhanced greenhouse effect, and the other focusing on photosythesis. The survey was conducted by means of qualitative interviews with students in grades four and six. The results describe that student´s understanding for photosynthesis and the carbondioxids function for photosynthesis doesn´t change significantly from grade four to grade six. I have divided the students inte three levels based on their understandingof the various fields, and their use of adequate concepts.

Titel: Employer Branding- En fallstudie om hur Landstinget Gävleborg uppfattas som arbetsgivare ur de anställdas perspektivSyfte: Syftet med denna studie är att få en förståelse om hur arbetsgivare inom den offentliga sektorn och deras arbetsgivarvarumärke kännetecknas utifrån de anställdas perspektiv.Metod: Vår studie har utförts genom en kvalitativ metod eftersom syftet med uppsatsen handlar om att skapa en förståelse. Empiriskt material har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio sjuksköterskor från Gävle Sjukhus. Utifrån vår teori har vi funnit teman som användes för att presentera empiri och analys. Dessa teman har valts för att skapa en röd tråd genom arbetet. Avslutningsvis presenteras slutsatsen som innehåller de resultat vi har funnit med studien. Slutsats: Den slutsats vi kommit fram till är att vi upplever att Landstinget Gävleborgs arbetsgivarvarumärke har brister för att attrahera potentiell arbetskraft och bibehålla sin nuvarande.

Damages have four main functions: reparation, placing of the costs, distribution of the losses and prevention. The rules about damages evolved before liability insurance had the extension it has today, 97 % of the Swedish populations is covered by liability insurance, since it is included in the comprehensive household insurance. Liability insurance should be looked at in the light of the damage rules, but the rules about damages are adapted to the insurance possibilities.The Law of damages contains, though the general adjustment article 6:2, the adjustment article 2:4 about children and the adjustment article 2:5 about the mentally ill, a possibility to adjust a non reasonable damage claim. If the liability insurance covers the damages no adjustment is made. Even when the adjustment articles are being used the damages is a heavy burden for the person who is liable for the damages.

Bakgrund: Vården idag präglas av ett heteronormativt och heterosexistiskt förhållningssätt. Historiskt har kvinnlig sexualitet ofta varit tabubelagt, och många inom vården upplever svårigheter med att bemöta patienter med en annan läggning än den heterosexuella.Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva homosexuella och bisexuella kvinnors upplevelse avmötet med vården.Metod: En litteraturöversikt där tio artiklar rörande ämnet homo- och bisexuella kvinnor och kommunikation i en vårdkontext valts ut och analyserats enligt Fribergs (2010) metod för litteraturstudie. Den teoretiska referensramen för arbetet är Travelbees teori om mellanmänskliga relationer.Resultat: Fem faktorer som påverkar homo- och bisexuella kvinnors upplevelse av mötet med vården fanns:  Vårdpersonalens förhållningssätt, Vårdpersonalens attityder, Vårdpersonalens utbildning och kunskapsnivå, Faktorer av betydelse för hbt-personens beslut att komma ut och Faktorer som inverkar på kommunikationen.Diskussion: I dagsläget kommer nyutexaminerad vårdpersonal ut med bristfällig kunskap i frågor som rör hbt-personer. En större vikt skulle behöva läggas vid utbildning och fortbildning och det är viktigt att stävja negativa attityder som annars tenderar att spridas från generation till generation. Vidare ingår det i sjuksköterskans kompetensområde att kritiskt granska sig själv och arbeta utifrån ett etiskt förhållningssätt; en nödvändighet för att se hela människan.Nyckelord: Bisexuell, hbt, homosexuell, kommunikation, lesbisk, patient, sjuksköterska,   vårdrelation.

Denna empiriska studie gjordes i syfte att ta reda på vilka framtida utmaningar arbetsgivare ställs inför då de ska locka till sig och rekrytera 80-talister som arbetstagare och medarbetare. För att få reda på detta så ställdes frågorna; Vad finner 80-talister attraktivt i ett kommande arbete? och Vilka motivationsfaktorer påverkar 80-talisterna i arbetslivet? Undersökningen gjordes med en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkät och på ett deskriptivt vis har resultatet av studien redovisats med hjälp av text och diagram. Studien har en deduktiv ansats och som teoretisk utgångspunkt har Kaufmann och Kaufmanns inre och yttre arbetsvärden samt Mitchell och Larsons syntesmodell om motivation använts. Tidigare studier och forskning kring 80-talisters värderingar och motivation till arbetslivet har tagits fram för att kunna möjliggöra kopplingar till empiri.