Early extubation of cardiac surgery patients has become increasingly important. The assessment of the patient before an early extubation is crucial and the intensive care nurses (ICU nurses) in this estimation is there for very important.The aim of this study was to examine critical care nurses' knowledge of early extubation, and what view ICU nurse has about factors that affect the time to extubation of cardiac surgery patients.A quantitative approach with descriptive and comparative design was used. Selection was all ICU nurses at a thoracic intensive care unit who were clinically active in patient care.The study showed that ICU nurses had good knowledge of why an early extubation was essential. However, the knowledge about the unit?s extubation criteria was low.

Being a patient in intensive care can be experienced terrifying. Studies have demonstrated the link between unpleasant memories of hospitalization in the ICU and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and perception of quality of life in its aftermath. Placed on a ventilator, the patient is exposed to multiple invasive procedures. The aim was to describe critical care patients' experience of being intubated or tracheostomated. Method: Literature review using conventional content analysis.

Vårt syfte med denna studie har varit att ta reda på hur samverkan kan fungera i praktiken och vilka faktorer som kan påverka. Syftet har även varit att ta reda på om/hur projektdeltagarna anser att brukaren kan gynnas. Vi fick möjlighet att ta del av arbetet i BAPPS-projektet som är ett samverkansprojekt mellan psykiatri, primärvård och socialtjänst där man arbetar i tvärprofessionella team runt klienten/patienten. Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ studie och datainsamlingsmetoden har varit i form av intervjuer med projektdeltagare. Vårt insamlade material har analyserats med hjälp av tidigare forskning, samt en modell för att tolka samverkan.

The discussion of the swedish treatment of offenders often revolves round the two contradictions punishment and care. Modern prison is described to be based on values such as humanity, care and respect, although the main task is to protect the society from criminals by keeping them locked up. This study focused on the role of the prison officer with the purpose of understanding how he sees his profesional role in an organisation influenced by punishment and care.Central questions are: How does the prison officer handle his role as caretaker in an organisation where he not only has the right to, but also is obliged to, controle and power his clients? How does the prison officer define his working role and does he find any dificulties in combining these?The research was realized during the months of April and May 2005 through qualitative interviews and conversations with prison officers working in a swedish prison. It also contained a minor fieldstudy in that same prison.The results showed that the principle conflict between punishment and care have an insignificant influence on the daily work of the prison officer.

The number of elderly in Sweden is increasing due to improved living conditions and better medical care. It is important that society adapts to the increase and begins to work preventively to reduce the costs of the increase. An important aspect is the elderly accommodation, the cost of health care in specific accommodation is almost twice as high as those for ordinary housing. Therefore, it is important that we availability adapt dwelling to allow older people to live in ordinary housing for as long as they wish, instead of moving to assisted living before they need it. If we can fulfil the elder?s needs with home care instead, society can save a lot of money.In this report, three different forms of housing has undergone accessibility increases and been inventoried and analysed.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att studera och kartlägga gränslandet där olika professioner inom vården möts och samverkar. Vi vill ta reda på hur professioner interagerar, vilken kunskap olika professioner har om varandra samt eventuella meningsskiljaktigheter som kan uppstå när de skall samarbeta och varför. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ fallstudie genomförd på sjuksköterskor, läkare och kuratorer verksamma vid Akademiska sjukhuset. Åtta personer vid tre olika vårdavdelningar har intervjuats om deras syn och erfarenheter av den interprofessionella samverkan som råder på respektive avdelning. Teorin är baserad på en genomgång av den aktuella forskningen rörande team, professioner, interprofessionell samverkan och interprofessionellt lärande.

The care for the elderly in the municipalities has recently seen the need for a formalized system for quality assurance. Under increasing demands for monetary efficiency while bound by law to retain acceptable standards in health care, there is need for efficient and at the same time quality-assured management. The municipalities often solve this puzzle by introducing systems and standards influenced by theory-clusters such as NPM (New Public Management), TQM (Total Quality Management) or other quality management theories.This essay focuses on how the public administration in the municipalities defines quality and designs and implements system for formalized quality assurance. Our basic view of organizations is institutionalist and our theoretical framework includes theories about quality, NPM and TQM..

Bakgrund: Smärta från rörelseorganen ligger bakom många sjukskrivningar. För att stärka den medicinska rehabiliteringen gjorde Socialdepartementet en överenskommelse med Sveriges kommuner och landsting 2008; Rehabgarantin. Den insats som skulle få prestationsersättning var multimodal rehabilitering. I Landstinget Dalarna har man startat multimodala team med resurser från Rehabgarantin i primärvården. Denna uppsats beskriver ett sådant teams uppbyggnad och faktorer som personal uppfattar som viktiga för teamets uppbyggnad och arbete.Syfte: Syftet med förändringsarbetet är att patienter med långvarig värk ska få ett snabbt och adekvat omhändertagande av ett team som har kunskaper och erfarenhet av att jobba tillsammans.Studiefrågor: Vilka effekter för patienterna kan kopplas till ansatsen att skapa multimodal rehabilitering på en primärvårdspraktik? Vilka faktorer, upplever personal på vårdcentralen, har påver-kat skapandet av ett smärtteam på vårdcentralen?Metod: En blandad studie med flera metoder för datainsamling.

Background: Health care is a strange place for the patient. To make this enviroment as good as possible, would the patient be well informed. The patient has right to know if it is a bad mews and often he/she needs caring after the information. Nurse´s basic responsibility is caring, for her/him it´s important to prevent the shock for the patient that can appear. Aim: Describe the nursing staff responses to the patient, using the patient´s perspective in relation to bad news. Method: A litterture review has been made with nine articles. Current research materials that meet the study´s purpose has been applied in databases and analyzed.

Introduction: Domestic violence is a big public health problem and the hiddennumbers over victims are big. There is a lack of scientific research in the Nordiccountries when it comes to how the health- and medical care identify and care for thevictims of domestic violence. Aim: This literature review has two aims: To investigatewhat kind of methods maternal health services, child health services and gynecologyclinics in the Nordic countries use to discover women and children exposed to domesticviolence and to investigate if there are any guidelines to go by when a victim ofdomestic violence is identified. Method: A literature review. 12 articles were found inPubMed, Scopus and Cinahl and three more were included after a manual search.

This thesis is a report concerning the practical aspects on exhibition techniques. During an internship at the National History Museum in Stockholm I participated in the work with their new, temporary exhibition Gränslöst - en global utställning på Historiska museet [Boundless - a global voyage of discovery at the National Historical Museum]. I was part of a small project team of museum staff. The purpose of this exhibition was to show how cultures have met and influenced each other throughout history. The National Historical Museum has in its collections and exhibitions several examples of objects that has been imported from or inspired by other cultural areas.

Till följd av att allt fler barn sondmatas har även svårigheterna vid övergång till oralt ätande ökat. Omhändertagandet av dessa barn görs lämpligast i team med exempelvis logoped, dietist, sjuksköterska och läkare. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka hur omhändertagande av barn med ätsvårigheter ser ut med fokus på sondmatning. Datainsamling skedde genom en fokusgruppintervju med vårdpersonal som arbetar med barn med ätsvårigheter. Transkriptionen analyserades, baserad på Grounded Theory, genom meningskodning.

The purpose of this study was to find out how SISU reason about cohesion with respect to its own operations, as sports consultants.There is no previous research on how sports consultants using cohesion as a pedagogical tool. However, there is research on cohesion linked to sport. Earlier research sees cohesion as a multidimensional phenomenon. This means that multiple factors determine the experience of cohesion. Such factors include how how-knit the team or group are, individual and joint objectives and that the individuals share common experiences.

The aim: was to describe and compare a group of experts and critical care nurses' agreement in detecting delirium in intubated, ventilator treated patients with sedation / analgesia, before and after an in house training intervention with the instrument Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU).Method: A quasi-experimental study, one group pretest - posttest design. A convenience sample of 17 critical care nurses in a general intensive care unit included. To detect delirium the instrument CAM-ICU was used, 21 paired tests before and 22 after an educational intervention.Main Results: The results showed that after an in house training intervention sensitivity and kappa coefficient improved of the characteristic 1 "acute onset and fluctuating course," an improvement that was significant. In other features, and overall values were signs of numerical improvement and deterioration in sensitivity, specificity and kappa coefficient but no significant change.Conclusion: Implementing a new instrument for detecting delirium in clinical practice requires education and follow-up. A small sample of critical care nurses with varying ability to use the new instrument and the fact that patients' status may change rapidly making it difficult to draw any conclusions from this study.

Background: The goal of psychiatric nursing interventions is to enhance people?s ability tocope with feelings of futility, to get control of their lives and to learn coping strategies inorder to manage their mental illness and its consequences. Specialist nurses in psychiatric carecoordinate and direct nursing care based on evidence-based knowledge.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of nursing acts specialist nurses usein the psychiatric inpatient unit and investigate how they perceive their professional role.Method: The design used was a descriptive qualitative interview study. Nine specialist nursesworking in psychiatric inpatient units were interviewed. Six of the participants were womenand three were men aged 28-53 years.