The starting point for this study is the situation for immigrants during the process of integration. This study aims to describe and discuss, with a broad approach, if certain information needs arises when immigrants meet the Swedish labour market and in such a case, do they use the library and how does the public libraries meet those needs. A secondary aim is to help increase the understanding of immigrants and forming a basis for further efforts by the libraries to improve services for immigrants and point at areas where there is a need for further research. - Which expectations and demands meets immigrants on the labour market and which library needs are possibly generated by this? - What services and range of material do the libraries offer immigrants and how are they marketed at the libraries homepages on the Internet? - Do immigrants from outside the western culture use the library and in that case how? Swedish human capital and Swedish social capability are identified as demands that are often held by operators on the labour market.

Jag har gjort en jämförande studie mellan utvecklingen i Danmark och utvecklingen på Gotland under romersk järnålder. Som underlag har jag framförallt använt Lotte Hedeagers avhandling Danmarks jernalder ? Mellem stamme og stat (Hedeager 1992) och Kerstin Cassels redovisning av det arkeologiska källmaterialet från Gotland i hennes avhandling Från grav till gård ? romersk järnålder på Gotland (Cassel 1998). Syftet med studien var att undersöka om Hedeagers slutsats att det etablerades en centralmakt med territoriell kontroll, en tidig stat, i Danmark redan i övergången mellan äldre och yngre romersk järnålder, även skulle gå att dra vad gäller Gotland baserat på det gotländska källmaterialet, och i så fall om detta kunde förklara uppkomsten av stengrundsbebyggelse och fornborgar. Jag har jämfört det arkeologiska källmaterialet från Danmark och Gotland avseende gravfynd och offerfynd, bebyggelseutveckling och landskapsutnyttjande samt vapenoffer och försvarsanläggningar.

One of the most distinguishing features of contemporary globalisation is production fragmentation, a splitting up of the manufacturing of a good into several different stages. Production fragmentation creates new opportunities through vertical specialization; a country incapable of mastering the entire production process may specialize in the manufacturing of one separate part. The aim of this thesis is to examine to what extent international integration affects a country?s ability to engage in vertical specialization in an industry characterized by production fragmentation. The analysis focuses on the european integration process over the last decade, where countries in eastern Europe with relatively low labour costs have been integrated with more capital abundant western economies.

Today´s roofing of dwelling houses is a very time consuming procedure, which includes a lot of different steps on the construction site. Not only does it cost a lot of money, but often do problems with rot and mold occur in the attics of houses today. The use of prefabricated modules has seen a great breakthrough in the field of construction of dwelling houses; at least when it comes to foundations and walls, where this type of approach makes the construction process way more efficient. What no one previous has succeeded to develop is a corresponding system for roofs that meets the demands of a dwelling house. Accordingly the goal of PlusTak has been to come up with a proper module system for roofing of dwelling houses, where the roofing is completed to meet the demands of the Scandinavian market. During the project a lot of effort has been put into customer contacts and the usability of the product, as well in the manufacturing process as on the construction site. This development has gone hand in hand with several practical tests and tryouts.

To be able to protect themselves from credit risk, the banks must constantly check the performance of  the companies they have lent money to. There are many mathematical models for predicting financial distress. These models use accounting-based ratios, which often are historical and not representative for the present situation. This study describes how the banks do in practice to find signals of insolvency in time and the variables they are observing for doing that.In addition to financial reports which the company sends in to the bank at least once a year, also the relationship between them and information from different information  agencies are of great importance to track  signals of insolvency. Poor profitability is the primary cause of insolvency.

Our purpose was to research the new reform amendment" Lag om etableringsinsatser för vissa nyanlända invandrare", and whether the establishment of the reform is good and if it was a necessary amendment. For that reason, we have chosen to answer our purpose in these issues with this question formulation; how can the change of the law establishing operations influence the newcomers in the labour market, the problems the law intends to address, how the new change in the law is different from when the municipality "kommun" was responsible, and how the law can be discussed based on theories of social capital and weak ties. The method used in this study is from a adductive approach where the research is based on both empirical evidence and existing theory that interact between these two. The results that emerged in our work was that the newcomers within the labour market has been remote, the way the municipality?s addressed the problem did not work and the result of this was a new reform amendment, where a new participant established.

Holmen Skog is one of the largest forestry companies in Scandinavia and they depend heavily on a large network of forest roads for production and logistics in connection to their forestry operations. The company recently introduced a new system for planning of road management. The system will also be developed with the intention to facilitate the monitoring of actions performed by road contractors. This report will provide information to support future decisions regarding further development of the system, after its introduction. In addition to a presentation of results from interviews, the report also provides a smaller study of the different subjects associated with roads, process work and process development. The study is largely based on interviews with road contractors that perform work for Holmen Skog today.

Women all over the world have been victims for oppression during a long period of time. One main thing they were excluded from was the possibility to educate themselves. Fortunately, the situation is different today and studies shows that there are more women applying for higher-education than men, at least in Sweden. What motivates them is unknown, but according to the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, it is always something in one?s social environment.The aim of this thesis was to examine how five female students have been motivated to apply for university and college educations, despite the fact that they are from non-academic families.

Purpose: Our purpose is to describe and understand how a project-based, knowledge-intensive firm in the high-technology industry creates and transfers knowledge, seen from two perspectives.Methodology: Our qualitative case study has an explorative approach since earlier studies within our positioning are absent, thus we look at KM abductively. To gain more depth to our study, we mirror our findings from our case company with data collected from three additional organisations.Theoretical perspectives: We see a clear distinction between researchers, either seeing knowledge as an object or a process. Thus, we review theories from both sides, either focusing on the creation or transferring of knowledge. In addition, theories on KM in project organisations areaccounted for.Empirical foundation: The study is based on the empirical foundation which consists of the data received through six interviews with employees at our main case company and, additionally, two interviews at each of our three mirrorcompanies.Conclusion: The study found KM being seen from both perspectives in all four firms. Through this, we found implications for how our case company could proceed in the future..

Hedgefonder är ett relativt nytt investeringsalternativ vars målsättning är att leverera positiv avkastning, i de flesta fall till låg risk, oberoende av marknadens utveckling. Med ledning av portföljvalsteorin och CAPM, som är en modell för att utvärdera kapitaltillgångar, ska uppsatsen besvara om hedgefonder lyckas med sitt mål. Vi fokuserar på perioden mars 2000 till april 2006, som inkluderar både börsnedgång och uppgång, för att kunna studera om hedgefonderna lyckas med målsättningen att generera positiv avkastning oavsett börsklimat.Till skillnad från de flesta andra studier som syftar till att utvärdera hedgefonders prestationer i jämförelse med traditionella fonder kommer jämförelsen göras i förhållande till SIX Return Index, SIXRX. SIXRX är ett marknadsindex som speglar kursutvecklingen för bolag på börsens gamla A- samt O-lista och som inkluderar återinvesterad utdelning. I uppsatsen har vi kommit fram till att de valda hedgefonderna lyckas med målsättningen att alstra en positiv avkastning oavsett börsens utveckling..

The aim of my work was, from the point of view from my respondents and literature, to create a picture of why so many highly educated people born abroad don't have an employment that coincides with their education.The question at issue was: How come highly educated people born abroad don't have an employment that coincides with their education from the native country?In my work, I carried out interviews with six highly educated people born abroad that moved to Sweden in the 1990's. In my results and my conclusion I started with the view of the respondents and the literature, linked together to some theories I have found fruitful for my understanding of the respondents' answers.The theoretical starting point for analysis of my work was the human capital theory, the theory of growth, the signal and filter theory and Habermas' theory.The result of my studies show that there are several factors that causes many highly educated people born abroad to have difficulties in getting an employment that coincides with their education. Such factors are weaknesses in the language, the lack of networks within one's profession and the fact that it takes a long time to complement the education..

Med företagets kapitalstruktur avses den mix av eget kapital och skulder som används för att finansiera företagets tillgångar. En faktor som anses påverka valet av kapitalstruktur är den typ av tillgångar som företaget har. En hög andel immateriella tillgångar är förknippade med en lägre skuldsättningsgrad. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan andelen bokförda immateriella tillgångar och skuldsättningsgraden hos svenska börsnoterade företag i IT-branschen. Ett delsyfte är undersöka om det finns något samband mellan affärsrisken samt företagens storlek och skuldsättningsgraden.

Ledaren har en central roll i alla företag och hela verksamheten påverkas av de val som ledaren gör. Det är också ledaren som har makten att bestämma hur verksamhetsstyrningen ska utformas, även om det finns många andra faktorer som kan påverka styrningen av företaget.Vi vill med denna uppsats undersöka olika ledare i olika företag för att se hur de påverkar verksamhetsstyrningen. Vilka likheter och skillnader det finns mellan dem och vilka andra faktorer som kan ha inverkan på styrningen.Vi har genom en kvalitativ ansats undersökt ämnet med hjälp av personliga intervjuer och annan datainsamling. Vi har fokuserat på fyra olika företag och deras verkställande direktörer, nämligen Fastighetsmäklarna Pontus Löfgren AB, Arla Foods AB, Plain Capital och Gardefalk & Co fastighetsmäklare.Vi kan utifrån vår undersökning konstatera att de fyra ledarna alla har stor påverkan och inflytande vad gäller verksamhetsstyrningen och dess utformning. De besitter alla ledaregenskaper som präglar deras verksamhet och vi kan se både likheter och skillnader i deras ledarskap och verksamhetsstyrning.

Outsourcing är ett begrepp som blir allt vanligare i företag. Ett vanligt argument för att man väljer att outsourca vissa delar av verksamheten, är att det ger en möjlighet till att fokusera på kärnverksamheten och därmed uppnå större konkurrenskraft. Studien syftar till att undersöka hur externa designers kan skapa en visuell identitet på produkten, samt vilka faktorer är viktiga då externa designers ersätter en in-house designavdelning. En kvalitativ fallstudie har genomförts på DUKA, Axcent of Scandinavia och Gant. I dessa fall har alla på något sätt kontrakterat ut antingen hela eller delar av sin designverksamhet.

Idag äger många svenskar andelar i olika fonder. Detta beror delvis på att det allmänna pensionssystemet i Sverige idag består av en premiepensionsdel, där individen kan göra ett individuellt val hur dennes pensionspengar ska investeras. Gemensamt för investerare är att de vill erhålla en god avkastning. Ett vanligt sätt att bedöma förväntad avkastning i en finansiell tillgång kallas Capital Asset Pricing Model, eller CAPM. Detta är en mycket behandlad, debatterad och även kritiserad modell.Förutom CAPM utgår studien från en nyare teori som heter Black Swan theory.