This essay describes and compares the extensive reindeer management to the more intensive, but grazing based, sheep management system in Sweden. Differences and similarities between the two production systems will be investigated by elucidating the economy, land use and possibilities to influence production and economy through breeding, feeding and product development. The reindeer management area covers the northern part of Sweden whilst the sheep management is dispersed over the country. Both reindeer and sheep are ruminants and have relatively high demands on the quality and digestibility of the feed however reindeers graze on mountain-and forest lands whilst sheep often graze inaccessible areas or cultivated grasslands. Selection intensity is generally lower in the reindeer management compared to the intensity in sheep breeding.

We live in an exciting society, characterized by continuous changes and challenges. The effects of the globalization are widespread. The continuous flow of people, capital and goods follows in the wake of advances in communications, transport and information technology, resulting in a changed situation for different stakeholders in the society. This situation leads to increased cooperation and exchange, but also increased competition. The primary means of collecting empirical data for this study was interviews and a document study.

Det är tydligt att utseende påverkar vilka ansikten människor kommer ihåg och inte. Skulle det gå att öka eller minska igenkännbarheten genom att utföra små ändringar i ansikten mellan de tillfällen en person ser dessa? I denna undersökning har jag analyserat resultat från undersökningar genomförda av 170 personer och och kommit fram till att det är möjligt till en viss grad. Ytterligare extensiv forskning bör visserligen ske innan man kan bekräfta dessa studier, men skulle så bli fallet kan detta potentiellt påverka hur karaktärer i spel och andra medium designas..

I detta projektarbete kommer följande att behandlas;Efter en definition och begreppsförklarande inledande del presenteras en teoretisk genomgång av konsumtionsteori med en mer specifik vinkling mot teorier om kapitalvaror. Därefter kommer en empirisk studie där faktorer som behandlats i teoridelen tas upp som beroendevariabler för efterfrågan på kapitalvaran bil. Slutsatserna som dras är att räntenivån påverkar bilinköp mest, troligen för att kreditkostnaderna utgör en allt större del av hushållens disponibla inkomster. Dessutom bekräftas det att inkomsten fluktuerar mer än konsumtionen och detta gäller också för hushållens konsumtion av nya bilar..

Farmers Cooperative has in recent years developed from national markets to cross-border, international, collaborations. One example is the merger between the Swedish dairy company Arla and Danish MD Foods, where the companies collectively are sought to reduce transaction costs and thus improve efficiency. The Swedish market for commodities (fertilizers and pesticides) in agriculture has for many years been dominated by a few large players, with little opportunity for grain associations and local grain companies to offer their customers a varied range of commodities with a competitive pricing.To change this state, a majority of Swedish and Danish grain associations and local grain companies have established a trans-national cooperation. Through the establishment of the organization DLA Agro, they offer their customers a good variety of products with competitive prices. This study investigates thus according to the theory of cooperative models to what extent and how the DLA Agro helps to create benefits for the Swedish member companies.

?Studies have shown that patients receiving mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit (ICU), who are entirely dependent on the nursing staff, often experience frustration due to a temporary loss of the voice source. Limited communication is an important factor contributing to patient discomfort. Nursing staff also report communication as frustrating and difficult.The aim of the present study is to introduce a neck-type electrolarynx as a communication aid in an ICU, to study the nursing staff experiences of communication with tracheotomized patients receiving mechanical ventilation, and to examine the patient´s experiences regarding communicative abilities. Communication between a ventilator treated, tracheotomized patient and members of the nursing staff was recorded and analyzed according to principles of Conversation Analysis (CA).The results show that several members of the nursing staff experience difficulties communicating with tracheotomized patients receiving mechanical ventilation.

The health care sector is one of the most information-intensive institutions in Sweden. Big investments in information technology have been made to ensure efficiency and quality within organisations in health care. This has led to high requirements in documentation and resulted in an increase in administration which gradually more often is done by nurses and doctors. A major problem is that it is difficult to gain access to the information recorded in all the different systems, which is their objective. This causes double documentation instead of being a support in follow-up performance.

Bakgrund: I en rapport från socialstyrelsen framgår det att akutmottagningarna runt omi landet har ca 2,5 miljoner patientfall, därtill kommer ännu fler anhöriga ochnärstående. Patientnämnden, som är det organ som hanterar klagomål från patienter ochanhöriga, uppger att det varje år kommer ungefär 4000 anmälningar där patienter ochanhöriga har känt sig kränkta och dåligt bemötta i sjukvården. Syfte: Syftet var attbeskriva hur vuxna anhöriga upplever bemötandet av sjuksköterskan vid akutasjukdomstillstånd inom somatisk vård. Metod: Arbetet skrevs som en allmänlitteraturstudie, enligt metod för kvalitativ manifestinnehållsanalys. Resultat:Anhörigas upplevelser i bemötandet från sjuksköterskorna kunde delas in i tre olikakategorier: trygghet-otrygghet, att bli sedd och bekräftad och sjuksköterskansmaktutövande.

Inom intensivvården har utvecklingen av medicinteknisk utrustning de senaste tio åren gått mycket fort framåt och blivit allt mer avancerad. Utbildning och kompetensutveckling inom medicinsk teknik skaar en trygg och säker miljö för både patient och vårdpersonal och är ett led i patientsäkerhetsarbetet. Utbildning inom medicinsk teknik har sett olika ut genom åren och webbaserad utbildning är ett inlärningssätt. Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors uppfattningar av webbaserat utbildningsverktyg för medicinteknisk utrustning ur ett patientsäkerhetsperspektiv. Datainsamlingen skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer av åtta intensivvårdssjuksköterskor på ett sjukhus i Mellansverige.

The aim with this thesis was to acquire an understanding for how individuals handle the feeling of shame in connection with cultural consumption. In order to capture the feeling of shame we developed an interview method called the Backstabber interview technique. We found that the Backstabber interview technique successfully triggered feelings of shame in connection to cultural consumption, which made it possible for us to study the handling of shame. We found that our respondents tended to use different forms of accounts in order to handle the feeling of shame. We categorized them into five accounts with relating sub-accounts.

Background: The valuation of Biotechnology companies is difficult in many ways. Patent and human capital are hard to value and also there is a great uncertainty about the success of the compaines research programs. Are traditional valuation models really useful when it comes to research companies or do they result in false values of the companies? Purpose: To study what values different valuation models gives biotechnology companies and how they correspond to the market value. Method:We have studied financial litterature och found the most common used models today.

The foremost objective of business organizations is to generate value for shareholders and to opt for strategies which optimize it. Hence it is of key concern for business leaders to appreciate how operations best are run to maximize value creation. This study explores how financial theory can reveal the link between one particular business strategy and the corresponding effect on shareholder wealth. The question in focus is whether construction companies can enhance their value creation by implementing shift-work to increase the weekly production rate. The thesis particularly targets apartment block projects in Sweden and has the construction company Peab AB as primary object of study.

Bakgrund: Patienter i behov av intensivvård är även i behov av en plats av lugn och ro för läkning. Intensivvården är en miljö som utsätter patienter för frekventa stimuli dygnet runt. För att få möjlighet till både fysisk och psykisk läkning krävs fullständig sömn. Intensivvårdspatienter har mer ytlig sömn på grund av att sömnrytmen ofta är störd. Genom att vila mitt på dagen i sammanhängande 90 minuter kan individen kompensera för en otillräcklig nattsömn.

This paper deals with rights of women and their social role during the Viking Age. The method is to compare things and written material.In the written material, three cases of rape have been identified. How each of these cases where looked upon differs; legally the punishment for rape was exile. Violence against wives implied their right to divorce, whereby they were entitled to take with them a great part of the family´s capital, namely their dowry and morning gift.A husband and wife did not inherit each other but a widow could inherit from her children if they died without offspring.Women buried in boat graves indicate that they had a function or were closely involved in the cult. From two graves, the Aska Grave and the Oseberg Grave, the findings can be interpreted as indicating a change in the social behaviour.

The purpose of this essay is to further the understanding of contemporary management theory by conducting an analogy-study of the source to many of the terms today used in knowledge-intensive companies. The way a football club deals with knowledge work differs from how a conventional company deals with it. However, many of the terms, such as teamwork and coaching, are shared by the two types of organization. By using the analogy-method we hope to create a wider understanding for the shared concepts. We have used a hermeneutic perspective throughout the essay, which first and foremost means that we focus on understanding and explaining social phenomenons.