Cancer är idag en vanlig sjukdom som uppstår på grund av okontrollerad celltillväxt och kan visa sig som cirka 200 olika sjukdomar beroende på vilken celltyp som drabbas. Trots dagens standardterapier med kirurgi, strålning och kemoterapi så dör årligen runt 23 000 människor av cancer i Sverige. Dödsfallen beror ofta på svåråtkomliga metastaser som bildats från ursprungstumören och sedan spridits med blod och lymfa ut i kroppen. En långt gången cancer kan även visa upp resistens mot vissa terapier, vilket försvårar behandling ytterligare.  Det är därför viktigt att nya effektiva läkemedel och behandlingsmetoder utvecklas. Ett alternativ är onkolytisk virusterapi.

With good knowledge about the disease and the treatment, the fear and worry of children and parents can be reduced. Children may be helped by painting to express their experiences. In order to have a good care, the care-personnel need to see and understand what the children need. It is important to live an as regular life as possible during the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate how children experience chemotherapy in conection with their cancer disease.

Varje år diagnostiseras 10 000 män med sjukdomen prostatacancer i Sverige. Att drabbas av sjukdomen prostatacancer är emotionellt ansträngande. Väntetiden vad gäller behandling för patienter med prostatacancer är lång. Detta gör att patienter med prostatacancer lever med sjukdomen prostata-cancer och känslorna kopplade till diagnosen prostatacancer under en lång tid. Syftet med den aktuella studien var att beskriva copingprocessen för patienter med prostatacancer innan medicinsk behandling.

Bipolar disorder is a chronic affective disorder, characterized by episodes of mania and depression. Previous studies have shown beneficial results for CBT in conjunction with pharmacotherapy over pharmacological treatment alone. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a CBT treatment in group for patients with bipolar disorder, run by Norrlands universitetssjukhus. The treatment group consisted of pharmacologically stabilized patients (n=12) who received group CBT. They were compared to a control group (n=5) who received pharmacological treatment only.

Bakgrund: När ett barn diagnostiseras med cancer förändras livet för hela familjen. Fokus på det sjuka barnet gör att syskon lätt glöms bort. Därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan verkar stödjande för syskon och familjen som helhet och tillgodoser de behov som uppkommer i situationen. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva specifika behov hos syskon till cancersjuka barn. Metod: Studien utformades som en litteraturöversikt där tio artiklar med kvalitativ ansats inkluderades.

PurposeThe purpose of this study has been to investigate the documentation process following the guiding principles of the Quality Norms for Fall Prevention concerning fall risk assessment, risk identification, fall preventive measures, information and the making of an individual care plan.MethodThis study is a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective journal review study. There were 100 journals examine the existing documentation concerning fall risk assessment of patients who received treatment in geriatric patient care. The sample was consecutively.ResultsThe results showed that fall risk assessment was documented in 79 of 100 examined journals. 56 (71 %) of the fall risk assessments were made within 24 hours. In 59 of 100 journals the patient, relatives or former caretakers was asked whether the patient had had a fall within the last year, and in 61 of 100 journals it was documented that the nursing staff had made an assessment that the patient was going to have a fall during his or her length of stay if no preventive measures were set in.The majority of fall risk factors and fall preventive measures were documented within the areas of walking and transfer. It was documented that the patient was informed of fall risk, fall risk factors and fall preventive measures in 15 of 100 journals.

Bakgrund. Kärnan i hälso- och sjukvården är mötet mellan vårdpersonal och patient. Det finns ett missnöje med vården bland patienter med diagnostiserad cancer. För att kunna förbättra vården är det viktigt att vårdpersonalen har kunskap och är medvetna om vad en diagnostiserad cancerpatient upplever som bra och dåligt vid mötet med vården. Syfte.

Introduction: In Sweden the definition of ambulance nursing is the examination and treatment of sick or injured people done by ambulance nurses during transport.  This means not only focus on the illness or injury but also the human being treated. The paramedic service must be based on the presumption that the medical needs of the patients are guaranteed, and that the expectations and demands of the public are satisfied. Competence and availability are basic terms for a well-functional paramedic service. There is a lot of pressure put on the people working with pre-hospital nursing. One mistake can lead to serious consequences for the patient.

With good knowledge about the disease and the treatment, the fear and worry of children and parents can be reduced. Children may be helped by painting to express their experiences. In order to have a good care, the care-personnel need to see and understand what the children need. It is important to live an as regular life as possible during the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate how children experience chemotherapy in conection with their cancer disease.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how patients who had undergone Hallberg's  TIA-school at Enköpings Lasarett rate their physical and mental health 18 months after participation. Another purpose was to examine whether they re-diagnosed with a TIA or suffered a stroke. The design of the quantitative study was longitudinal and descriptive. In the study 16 patients participated and to measure their mental and physical health the questionnaire SF36 was used. The results showed that none of the participants suffered a new TIA or stroke since participation in the TIA-school.

Radon is a hazardous substance that cannot be perceived by our senses. It has long been known that exposure to high radon levels for a long period of time will ultimately cause lung cancer. The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority estimates that 500 people die annually due to this. Although most of them are smokers, even non-smokers suffer from lung cancer caused by radon. The statutory value for radon in homes today is 200 Bq/m³.

Confusion can be a life threatening condition that is often missed by the nurses, thus it occurs in the same range as pain, fever or infections. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the phenomenon of confusion among elderly patients, in order to establish a wider understanding of the patient's nursing needs. Method: Literature study based on scientific material. Results: The result showed the patient's ability to recollect and reconstruct episodes of confusion. During the confusion the stories contained a wide variety of experiences, such as threat, fear, suspicion, chaos and order, unreal experiences, a need to escape and a bad sleep.

Vid behandling av kemoterapi är illamående ett vanligt och besvärligt symtom hos patienter med cancer. Illamående påverkar patientens dagliga liv genom att det ofta leder till viktminskning, dehydrering, ökade kostnader och påverkan på det sociala livet. Antiemetiska läkemedel är effektivt mot behandling av kräkningar men lite fokus har lagts vid behandling av illamående. I syfte att redogöra för kunskapsläget om icke-farmakologiska interventioner för att lindra illamående hos patienter som genomgår kemoterapi genomfördes en integrerad systematisk litteraturöversikt. Litteratursökningen genomfördes i fyra bibliografiska referensdatabaser, och fokuserades till vetenskapliga studier vilka beskrev icke-farmakologiska interventioner, hur dessa hade studerats, vilka effekter de hade samt vilka erfarenheter patienterna erhöll av interventionerna.

När människan befinner sig i svåra situationer kan hoppet utgöra en viktig resurs. Trots detta har hoppet en förmåga att svikta i de stunder då det behövs som mest. Hopplöshet kan ses som en börda och kan skapa lidande för patienten, därför är det viktigt att hopplösheten synliggörs så att hoppet kan främjas. För patienter som lider av cancer är stöd från omgivningen en viktig del i att främja hoppet. Genom att ha ett hälsofrämjande och individanpassat vårdande kan sjuksköterskan bidra till att ge hoppet näring.

The purpose of this review was to examine in what situations patients with myocardial infarction could feel anxiety. We also wanted to examine what a nurse could do to relieve the anxiety. The results are based on eight scientific articles and one literature review. The results shows that the patient could feel anxiety before examinations and transfers. The patient's anxiety increased if relatives had anxiety and if there were a lack of information from the nurse.