Background: In 1999 the Swedish pension system was reformed with an aim to create a stable and high return on pension assets. First, Second, Third and Fourth general pension funds, hereby referred to as AP1-AP4, had an important part in the reform. AP1-AP4, also called the buffer funds, was assigned to secure long-term, big parts of the pension capital. The funds objective is by law, to manage the fund's assets in a manner that provides maximum benefit for the state pension. The funds will also invest pension assets with an overall low level of risk while achieving a sustainable high return.Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the First-Fourth AP-Funds is meeting its objectives regarding risk and return according to Swedish law.

Internet and media have led to companies' operations becoming more visible and transparent to the public during the 21st century. Several notable corporate scandals have led to society placing greater demands on businesses to assume more accountability for their actions. This study aims to examine and develop existing research regarding accountability, by adding dimensions of time and space. More specifically, the study examines the extent to which stakeholders hold corporations accountable after the revelation of an ethical corporate scandal, through a qualitative case study on a pending lawsuit against the Swedish corporation Boliden. Our theory is based on John Roberts' (1991) research presented in the article "The Possibilities of Accountability" and Martin Messner's (2009) research presented in the article "The Limits of Accountability".

During the past year it has been made possible to buy back a company?s outstanding stock. This is done in order to change the capital structure towards a situation with less equity. A change in capital structure means a change in the cost of capital for a company and by that a change in the value for the stockholder. This Master Thesis studies the relation between capital structure and business risk.

The aim of this study is to describe young people?s experiences returning home after beinginstitutionalized for over two years. The young people in this study describe their feelingsregarding their return home which involves reuniting with their families, their friends andstarting school. The study is conducted through five semi-structured using qualitativeindividual interviews with two boys and three girls. The theoretical points of departure areconcepts from the Symbolic interactionism and the Bioecology model of human development.The results of the study show that reunion with families is not easily accomplished by theadolescents and returning home is likely to be very stressful.

The aim of this thesis is to describe the development of profitability and capital structure in Swedish quoted companies during the period of 1990 to 2004. Further, the aim is to determine the relationship between profitability and leverage in order to conclude whether the choice of capital structure supports the pecking order theory or the trade-off theory of capital structure. The findings show that return on assets fluctuates between 3 and 11 percent and that return on equity fluctuates between 3 and 22 percent during the period. Further, the leverage and the cost of debt have decreased. This indicates lowered financial risk in Swedish quoted companies in the period between 1990 and 2004.

The National Property Board (SFV) has been appointed by the Swedish government to administer all property of cultural value owned by the Swedes collectively. The commission includes maintaining the soul and character of each individual building, to adapt these buildings to present needs and requirements, and furthermore making them available to the public. The return on equity demanded by the government is based on the CAPM used within the real estate industry. The theoretical assumption that organizations are either function-driven or pay-driven will serve as a starting point, after which SFV will be defined as a function-driven organization with a pay-formed management control system. This paper aims to examine how applying a pay-formed management control system will affect a function-driven organization.

Finansiella mått har traditionellt sett använts som indikator på värde. Behovet att inkludera fler dimensioner av värde har resulterat i verktyget Social Return on Investment (SROI), vilket uttrycker sociala och miljömässiga investeringar i monetära termer. SROI är under utveckling och det finns olika perspektiv på användningsområden. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka positiva och negativa aspekter med SROI, relaterat till intern styrning samt extern kommunikation. Undersökningen utgjordes av tre metoder för datainsamling.

As a consequence of a turbulent financial market with recurring recessions, the Basel regime was developed, an institutional change with the purpose to create enhanced financial stability through increased capital requirements and increased scrutiny of internal procedures. The Basel regime is an often recurring element in social debates where various aspects are discussed, one of which is whether it maintains its purpose to secure financial stability or whether it is cost effective, and if not, who gets affected by these potential costs.The majority of previously conducted research within this area agrees with the opinion that changes in the regulatory framework within the financial markets, such as the Basel regime, has led to reduced risk of bankruptcy for the banks which has contributed to increased global financial stability. However, research illustrates that these types of changes in the regulatory framework impose a financial burden leading to contradictions in the division of these costs between costumers and shareholders. This dissertation has been conducted from a shareholders perspective, out of which the study ?s three hypothesis has been created from.The data in this study is built upon the stock price from the three largest available banks? shares (based on total assets), in the 26 countries which are represented in the Basel committee from (2007) to (2013).

Background: The devolopment in the exchange market has attract a large number of investors. The information flow is extensive and it might be hard to follow the dynamic market. Some investors therefore choose to place their capital in a stock portfolio which is manged by a professional firm with no influence from the capital owner, this management is called discretionary managing. Purpose: the purpose of the thesis is to examine the working methods and the rationality regarding the management of the discretionary portfolios. The purpose is also to try to examine whether there is a relation between the selected risk, return and fees.

In this paper the effect of capital structure on profitability has been investigated among Swedish companies. The essay intends to examine how the relationship between debt and profitability appear among Swedish companies and if the relationship differs between industries. The purpose is to find out how debt affects the profitability of Swedish companies.A quantitative approach has been applied. The selection was made among companies listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, which resulted in a sample of 207 companies. Several regression analyzes has been formed, based on the independent variable debt-ratio and the dependent variables profit margin, pre-tax profit margin, operating margin, return on assets and return on equity.

UppsatsenssyfteärattundersökahuraktiekursenutvecklasiföretagnoteradepåStockholmsbörsensomannonserarnyemissionberoendepåvadmotivetbakomnyemissionenär.Studienärkvantitativochbyggerpåeneventstudieavsammanlagt117nyemissionergenomfördapåstockholmsbörsenunderperioden2004-­?2010.Denstuderadeperioden(eventfönstret)uppgårtill5dagarinnanoch5dagarefterdendagdånyemissionenochdessvillkorannonseradestillmarknaden(eventdagen).Indelninghargjortsefternyemissionensmotiv;lösalån,finansieraförvärvelleranskaffningavrörelsekapital.Denkumulativagenomsnittligaabnormalaavkastningenundereventfönstretuppgårtill-­?6,70procentförsamtliganyemissioner.Uppdelatefternyemissionsmotivetuppgickdenabnormalaavkastningentill-­?12,07procentvidlösenavlånsommotiv,-­?7,18procentförförvärvsamt-­?5,05procentvidrörelsekapital.Sommestfalleraktiekursenmedigenomsnitt9,21procentpåendagochdåavsesdagendånyemissionermedsyfteattlösalånannonseras.Resultatetärsignifikantförsamtliganyemissionermenejnärdeolikagruppernaställsmotvarandra.Lösenavlånärdetmotivsomgenererarmestnegativabnormalavkastning,följtavfinansieringavförvärvochanskaffningavrörelsekapital.Resultatetkanhapåverkatsavrelativtfåobservationerivissagrupper..

ABSTRACTTitle: The exact title used in the thesis will be mentioned here.Level: Bachelor thesis in BusinessAuthor: Mattias Lindqvist & Jonas TesfaySupervisor: Peter LindbergDate: 2011 ? JuneAim: In Sweden the representation of women on company boards is discussed extensively. It has also been suggested that regulations such as quotas should be imposed, in hopes of getting the gender balance on the board of directors. Measures such as these have been presented when this problem attacks our democratic values about how a society should look like. The aim is to study and analyze whether there is any connection between the return on assets and the proportion of women on company boards.Method: The paper is made from a quantitative with a deductive approach.

This study aims to analyse textbooks used in the course Religious Education 1 in Swedish upper secondary schools. The textbooks were analysed by using qualitative content analysis. By using queer theory and the theory about ?homo religiosus?, the study examined which norms concerning sex, gender, sexuality and relationships the textbooks convey.            The study shows that the textbooks convey norms about sex and gender by portraying the men?s perspective when educating about the different religions. The women perspective is being discussed in a specific part of the chapters and is therefore being portrayed as different.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att genom en eventstudie undersöka vilken påverkan VD- bytenhar haft på aktiekursens upp- och nedgångar beroende på företagsstorlek samt frivillig eller ofrivillig avgång..

Bakgrund: Finns det verkligen en investeringsstrategi som ger en garanterad överavkastning och som skulle kunna innebära att efterfrågan på de tjänster som professionella kapitalförvaltare tillhandahåller försvinner?Syfte: Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka huruvida det går att generera överavkastning på Stockholmsbörsen genom att investera i en portfölj enbart innehållande aktier med låga P/Etal. Frågan är alltså om det existerar det någon så kallad P/E-talseffekt?Genomförande: P/E-talseffekten testades genom att vi för var och en av våra 28 perioder fr.o.m. 1991 t.o.m.2004 skapade två portföljer där den ena innehöll aktier med de femton lägsta P/E-talen på Stockholmsbörsen och den andra innehöll aktier med höga P/E-tal.