Syftet med denna studie var att genom analys av tillgänglig litteratur inom området advocacy in nursing klarlägga innebörden av begreppet advocacy sett från sjukvårdens synpunkt, vem/vilka som skall ha funktionen som advocate i sjukvården, hur advocacy i praktiken bäst skall beskrivas inom sjukvården samt hur den som skall ha rollen som advocate bäst skall utbildas och föreberedas för sin uppgift. Som metod användes studium och analys av en selektion av tillgänglig litteratur inom området med speciell inriktning mot den egentliga innebörden av begreppet advocacy, argument för och emot sjuksköterskans funktion i rollen som advocate, hur advocacy bäst skall integreras och tillämpas i vårdprocessen och hur den som har rollen som advocate bäst skall förberedas för den. Resultat av litteraturstudien visade brist på enhetlig definition av begreppet advocacy, vilket skapar svårigheter att analysera och jämföra erfarenheter inom området. Även om motargument beskrevs, talade all erfarenhet inom området i denna studie för att sjuksköterskan är den mest lämpade att ha denna roll. Risken för att sjuksköterskan vid fullgörande av denna uppgift hamnar i en konfliktsituation mot övrig vårdpersonal betonades genomgående i denna litteratur, illustrerande betydelsen av att advocacy utförs som ett teamarbete med stöd och medverkan av all personal även om sjuksköterskan har huvudrollen.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utifrån inventering av vad skolans styrdo-kument föreskriver, vad forskning och litteratur upptar inom området samt använd definition på mobbning och utfrysning undersöka i vad mån mobbning och utfrysning förekommit eller förekommer på min partnerskola, den skola där jag fullgjort min verksamhetsförlagda del av lärarutbildningen, samt på vilket sätt skolan i sitt arbete mot kränkande behandling, mobbning och utfrysning lever upp till de nationella målen..

Within the journalistic profession lays a commonly accepted normative view stating that objectivity is an ideal to seek. The aim of this bachelor is to study Swedish sportswriters on local newspaper and their views of journalistic objectivity, and themselves in comparison to the traditional ideals. We want to study how local sportswriter work against their ideal and if factors like age and education affect their view of themselves and ther ideal.We have done eight semistructured deepinterviews that all build on theories and studies of the traditional ideal of journalists. The interviewed are all sportreporters, at four different newspapers. We have done active selection of participants based on age and education.

Research has shown that immigrants in the Swedish society often, when seeking jobs, don?t get the same opportunities as the rest of the population. This thesis is a qualitative research that examines the problematic situation of unemployment among immigrants in the municipality of Finspång. The purpose of this study is to analyze how civil servants in Finspång apprehend and describe the labor market problems surrounding the immigrant groups that live in the municipality of Finspång. The empirical material is build upon seven qualitative interviews with eight civil servants working in Finspång.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att närmare granska lärares uppfattning om begreppet god lärandemiljö samt hur de i sin yrkesroll kan bidra och gå tillväga för att skapa en sådan miljö i sitt klassrum. Detta examensarbete utgår ifrån tre frågeställningar: 1) Vad definierar en god lärandemiljö? 2) Hur kan lärare bidra till en god lärandemiljö? 3) Vilka likheter och skillnader finns i lärarnas tillvägagångssätt för att bidra till en god lärandemiljö? Detta examensarbete har ett fenomenografiskt perspektiv. Studien bygger på sex kvalitativa intervjuer med klasslärare i årskurs ett till fem som alla arbetar på samma skola. De intervjuade lärarna valdes ut genom strategiskt urval, där de styrande variablerna var årskurs, erfarenhet samt klasstorlek. De intervjuade lärarnas svar avslöjar en mycket bred definition av en god lärandemiljö i jämförelse med studiens hypotes och relevant litteratur.

The aim of this paper has been to investigate how accounting firms govern their organizations with regards to the complexity in the service that they offer. The service includes the general accounting tasks which through standardization can be cost efficient, the advisory services that entail flexibility, and the relationship with the customer which needs to be taken into consideration when delivering the financial reports. These three components are important but require different approaches when it comes to governing the organization. The conducted case study has shown that the accounting firms govern their organizations bureaucratically and mainly through behaviour and accounting controls. The advisory services demanded by customers are standardized, not analytical, and therefore do not require the firms to take flexibility into consideration.

The purpose of our essay is to find out if there are any strategies for profit transactions in a group. To realise our purpose we conducted two case studies with interviews. But we can not draw any general conclusions.To conduct the research we had to build a theory. In this theory we found motives to do profit transactions and how to do it. We also thought that there had to be some conflicts between the motives and the manager´s interests.In our analysis we found that financing the dividend was a strong reason to make profit transactions between companies in the group.

This essay has an aim to map out the discourses in the debate around local self government and national equivalence, which are both essential democratic values. The essay is delimited to the area of the comprehensive school. Interviews have been made with key persons in different positions in a selected municipality. I also use material that has been written in the context of Ansvarskommittén. The material is analysed using an integrated discourse analysis.

Capella and Jamiesons research of how the media describes politics has shown that it is very often case of one of two scenarios: game frames; or issue frames. The central idea of this framing theory is that when politicians are described within game frames the disdain towards politicians is believed to increase. Capella and Jamieson have shown that, at least in the US, the use of game framing has increased. The Swedish Scholar Jesper Strömbäck has however, with his research, shown that, despite the earlier theory of Capella and Jamieson, in Sweden the tendency is not so clearly demarcated. In fact he says that if anything, the tendency looks to be the antithesis.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a social-psychological relevance in allowing animals to be involved in therapy work. I have examined if the animals may contribute to effects on human relationships between caregivers and patients, and if the animals can contribute to helping patients to achieve better well-being. Through previous research and a quantitative interview I have received answers to the following questions: How are animals used in the treatment work? How do animals affect the relationship between caregiver-patient? In what ways do animals in treatment affect relationships between people? How do the professionals who work with animals believe that animals can affects the patient? I have interviewed people working in different kinds of treatment work using animals. The areas examined include work with animals at youth care, police, disability care, elderly care and school.

This essay deals with ruins from the perspective of their cultural values ??and the impact of add-ons, protective add-ons and caring actions affect these values. The issues in the essay are; What are the cultural values of a ruin?  How have ruins been used?  How are ruins treated today?Initially the definition of the concept ?ruin? is discussed, what is a ruin? A building has an architectural biography: the creation, destruction, change and the decay. The concept of ruin is considered to be a state of this decay, rather than a dead building.

The EU-project HEALTHGRAIN has suggested a new definition for whole grain which allows a small part of the grain to be removed during processing. By removing the outer part or the grain the hygienic quality will increase but it is not clear how the taste and colour is affected. So therefore in this study three different debranning methods, peeling, pearling and polishing, which remove the outer parts of the grains have been used on common and durum wheat. The dietary fibre and ash content, as well as germination was analysed in untreated, peeled, pearled and polished grains. The decrease in dietary fibre and ash was higher in grains that had been pearled compared to those that had been peeled or polished.

The aim of this thesis is to examine user experience and engagements in interactive cinema.A great deal of the research that is conducted today involves creating interactive films, toexplore and examine film structures. In this study, we build on this research by comparingthree different interactive film structures. To carry out our study, we have categorized threedifferent interactive films after three different models to define their narrative structureand interface. To examine the experiences of those structures we have performed anexperiment where we have collected data from the three different sources; interviews,observations and surveys.It is difficult to draw conclusions about how an interactive film should be constructed asdifferent structures apply to different narratives. Based on our research the conclusion canbe made that the combination between the narrative structure, the narrative content, theaesthetics, the implementation of interactivity and how the film?s interface is constructed ismore important than building a specific structure for an interactive film.

This is a study of innovative technologies that are primarily based on collaboration with a client who in this study is called FTG, because they chose to be anonymous. A problem set has been presented, analyzed and worked with. The result of this is that we found some weaknesses in the leadership that have influenced the motivation in the workgroup negatively. The study has focus on changing leadership in order to increase motivation and openness to innovation within the company. With this focus on change in leadership, we have done a basic search for relevant theories related to the topic and found interesting data to work with.

Syftet med studien är att försöka få en bild av hur personal inom akutsjukvård upplever hot och våld, samt vilka föreställningar om fenomenet de ?bär? med sig. Det saknas konsekvent definition av begreppen hot och våld, därför vill vi också försöka ta reda på hur personal klassificerar hotfulla och/eller våldsamma situationer och personer. Studiens perspektiv är interaktionistiskt och dess fokus är möten mellan personal och besökare på en akutmottagning. Vi har främst inriktat oss på att få en förståelse för situationen på mikronivå, där en konfliktsituation baseras på situationen som sådan och enskilda individers deltagande. Uppsatsen är etnografiskt inspirerad med kvalitativ metoddesign.