The aim of this study was to examine how children in ages 3 to 4 use the public library with the research questions: What does children?s, in ages between 3 and 4, information behavior look like when they visit a public library in leisure time with a parent? What is the nature of interaction between child and parent, child and the staff of the library, and between child and other visitors? What is the function of the cultural tools in relation to the children?s information behavior? The theoretical frame of reference consisted of Lev Vygotsky?s ?the zone of proximal development? and Roger Säljö?s theory about using cultural tools. To answer the questions I have observed 4 children together with their mothers and siblings at a public library. From the result of the observations I found that every child had their own information behavior. Two of the children only used one kind of cultural tool ? books.

In my essay I have examined how teachers look upon their role as leader in the classroom. I have interviewed six teachers, senior level ones and teachers from the upper secondary school, about how they look upon tasks that involve planning, control, motivation, groups, and individuals. Based on their answers, I have analyzed if there is anything that can be related to a common leader competence within their profession and, in that case, how it will appear.The result that I have found has been that it exists a common leadership style that teachers are more or less conscious of. The teachers decide on what level the classes or the pupils are andafter that decision they plan their education. The leadership in the classroom can be of different kinds depending on the situation.

This study aims to examine the effect the evaluation system used by the Stockholm County Council, has on how the healthcare providers themselves conduct the evaluation regarding their own operations. This is done through a qualitative case study of the evaluation systems of the Stockholm County Council and of four primary healthcare producers concerning one primary healthcare contract. The evaluation systems were analysed using Merchant and Ver der Stede's (2007) framework for different types of control. In order to give a more detailed picture this framework was complemented with different types of performance measurement. The evaluation that the Stockholm County Council conducts was found to have little influence on the providers own evaluation with the exception of the quality indicators that are rewarded with a monetary bonus..

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between birth order, academic performance and need for achievement. 166 students from Alvesta Gymnasium/ High school and Växjö Fria Gymnasium/ High school participated in the study. The result showed a significant correlation between birth order and study result, but unlike previous studies this study showed that it was the youngest siblings that had the best academic performance. Furthermore, a significant correlation between academic performance and need for achievement was found, also that higher need for achievement results in higher academic performance. The study also showed that there is a significant correlation between birth order and need for achievement, and it is the youngest children that have the highest need for achievement.

Studies among parents of children with disabilities have shown that they experience a higher level of parenting stress as well as a lower degree of wellbeing, compared to parents of children without disabilities. However, there is a need to further explore parents? experience on this matter within a Swedish context. The aim of the current study was to examine how parents of preschool children, with and without disabilities, in Västerbotten, experience the impact of their child. A sample of 67 parents of children with disabilities and 134 parents of children without disabilities took part in the questionnaire study.

Av tradition har frågan om en person varit vårdslös eller inte avgjorts genom att personens bet­eende jämförts med en Bonus Pater Familias (BPF) d.v.s. en fiktiv ?normalt aktsam per­son? på det aktuella området. Modellen betraktas numera i princip som utmönstrad och culpa­bedömningen anses istället ta sin utgångpunkt i akt­samhets­­­normer uttryckta i lag, före­skrifter, praxis och sedvana (där BPF används som tankemodell). Om inte ovanstående ger svar görs en fri bedömning som utgår från The Learned Hand Formula (LHF) där hänsyn tas till risken för skada, den eventuella skadans storlek och skade­vållarens möjligheter till att före­­komma skadan.

The purpose of this study is to analyze how customer oriented businesses can use loyalty programs to create loyalty and how loyalty can be increased. We have in this study chosen to refer loyalty program to the loyalty program that belong to the company Jula AB. Our study is written in a qualitative method. In our method, we chose to interview people in Jula organization to get a business perspective to our study. We have also chosen to assemble a focus group of Jula-club members to also get a customer perspective on the subject.

Denna studie undersöker om det finns ett samband mellan resultatbaserade bonussystem för verkställande direktören och marknadsvärderelevansen i de finansiella rapporterna på Stockholmsbörsen under tidsperioden 2005-2008. Tidigare studier har påvisat ett samband mellan resultatbaserade bonussystem och resultatmanipulering. Ansvariga chefer väljer att manipulera resultatet för att nå de nivåer som krävs för att få den avtalade bonusen utbetald. Det finns även studier som tyder på att resultatmanipulering påverkar värderelevansen negativt. Vi anser således att det finns ett indirekt samband mellan bonussystem och värderelevans.

Studies among parents of children with disabilities have shown that they experience a higher level of parenting stress as well as a lower degree of wellbeing, compared to parents of children without disabilities. However, there is a need to further explore parents? experience on this matter within a Swedish context. The aim of the current study was to examine how parents of preschool children, with and without disabilities, in Västerbotten, experience the impact of their child. A sample of 67 parents of children with disabilities and 134 parents of children without disabilities took part in the questionnaire study.

Background: To be a parent to a child dying of cancer affect not just the parents themselves, but the whole family. Experiences of fear, powerlessness and anxiety surrounds them. Nurses need knowledge about parents? experiences to help and support these parents adequately. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe parents? experiences of losing a child to cancer, from diagnosis to the child?s death.

Studies among parents of children with disabilities have shown that they experience a higher level of parenting stress as well as a lower degree of wellbeing, compared to parents of children without disabilities. However, there is a need to further explore parents? experience on this matter within a Swedish context. The aim of the current study was to examine how parents of preschool children, with and without disabilities, in Västerbotten, experience the impact of their child. A sample of 67 parents of children with disabilities and 134 parents of children without disabilities took part in the questionnaire study.

Jag har med hjälp av en enkät undersökt vad en grupp elever från NT-gymnasiet i Järfälla själva anser sig ha haft för nytta av en retorikkurs de genomgått. Jag har tittat på, om de använt sig av kunskaperna när de gjort presentationer i andra ämnen och om de tror att de fått högre betyg i andra ämnen på grund av retorikkunskapen. Min hypotes var: Elever som gått en retorikkurs har nytta av den i övrig utbildning. Min infallsvinkel var: Upplever elever att de har nytta av den retorikkurs de gått, när de gör presentationer i andra ämnen? Jag har undersökt om de också upplever sig ha fått andra vinster av retoriken och jag diskuterar om ett ?embryo? till att bli en god samhällsmedborgare, en ?vir bonus? kunde anas och utläsas av enkätsvaren.

Mitt arbete har som syfte att undersöka vilka metoder och hjälpmedel, som nybörjarelever på Sfi använder sig av. Jag har också undersökt vilka faktorer som försvårar elevernas språkinlärning. I detta examensarbete har jag intervjuat tretton elever och sex lärare på två olika Sfi-skolor.Resultatet av denna undersökning visar att majoriteten av eleverna anser att en tillgång till modersmålslärare skulle kunna främja deras språkutveckling. Samtliga lärare tycker att läs-och skrivinlärningen skulle bli mer effektiv om den skedde på modersmålet, i synnerhet på de lägre nivåerna. Synen på Sfi-bonusen är mest negativ hos lärarna, ungefär hälften av eleverna anser inte att det är pengar som styr deras motivation till snabb inlärning.

Since 1983 all Swedish companies are legally obliged to allow themselves to be audited. Recently the question of whether small companies should be subject to this or not has frequently been discussed. Many find it superfluous and think it ought to be abolished. In England small companies no longer have to be audited. However, in a study by Jill Collis it has been shown that a large number of companies choose to be audited although there is no obligation for them to do so.

För många av dagens kunskapsintensiva företag uppkommer det en problematik vid utformandet av belöningssystem. Detta då deras output inte kan kvantifieras med finansiella mått. Ett exempel på en verksamhet med detta problem är FoU-avdelningar. Vårt syfte med denna studie är således att beskriva och analysera hur belöningssystem utformas i FoU-avdelningar. Vår teoretiska referensram och sedermera analytiska underlag, baseras på en kombination utav Thompson & Stricklands och Cummings & Worleys teorier kring belöningssystem.