It is estimated that 22 000 contaminated areas exist in Sweden today. In order to classify the risk of contaminant migration from these areas and to prioritize which of these contaminated areas should first be treated, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designed a method, for the investigation of contaminated areas (MIFO). One of these contaminated areas is the landfill Gräsötippen outside Köping. The landfill has been used by both Yara AB and the Köping municipality between the years 1945 and 1975, and both industrial and household waste have been deposited there. The aim of this report is to survey which contaminants that can be found in the soil and water in the landfill Gräsötippen and to evaluate the migration of these contaminants.

Gräsbränder är ett återkommande problem i hela Sverige och kan påverka både egendom och människor. Det finns flera faktorer som påverkar uppkomsten av gräsbränder. Det kan vara väder/klimat, mänsklig påverkan, typ av gräs och antändningsmedel.I denna studie är målet att kartlägga vart det sker flest gräsbränder i Sverige, varför de sker och när säsongen startar och slutar. Ett annat mål med studien är att undersöka hur utsatta kommuner ser på och hanterar problemet med gräsbränder. Slutligen var syftet också att undersöka om framtida klimatförändringar kan komma att påverka gräsbrandsituationen i Sverige.För att svara på studiens mål valdes att använda en statistisk undersökning som bygger på insatsstatistik från Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB).

Flextronics Design i Linköping, som ingår i den stora amerikanskägda Flextronics- koncernen, är en industrialiseringsenhet på mobiltelefonsidan. Det innebär att verksamheten kretsar kring att ta fram test- och monteringsprocesser, samt tillhörande utrustning, som sedan implementeras hos högvolymsfabrikerna belägna i olika låg-kostnads-länder.På mobiltelefonerna finns, beroende på modell, ett antal detaljer som pressas fast, antingen för hand, med en manuell press, eller med hjälp av en pneumatisk press. Den sistnämnda pressmetoden används när det rör sig om lite längre presstider på detaljen, från ett par sekunder och uppåt. Idag finns det två modeller som drivs med tryckluft och som pressar med olika kraftintervall beroende på vilket lufttryck som tillförs till systemet. Det har visat sig att det finns ett behov hos företaget att ta fram en ny konstruktion som pressar med ett lägre kraftintervall än de befintliga modellerna kan erbjuda.

AbstractA prerequisite to be able to use semi-natural pastures in an optimal way is knowledge about their conditions and properties. One thing to consider is the amount of herbage mass that can be produced during one season on different types of semi-natural pastures. That knowledge makes it easier to choose which type of animals and how many you are able to have in each paddock to maintain a high biodiversity and achieve the desired production of the animals at the same time.This study was performed in nine different semi-natural pastures around Uppsala. The paddocks were already mapped with regard to different vegetation types. Exclosure cages were placed on previously fertilized, mesic, dry, shaded and wet vegetation.

Emissions of insufficiently treated wastewater, mainly blackwater (i.e. wastewater from toilets), contributes to the eutrophication of lakes and seas. At the same time, blackwater is a fraction with a low content of heavy metals and, after sanitization, it can recirculate plant nutrients to arable land using the liquid composting treatment method. Liquid composting means that organic material is degraded under aerobic conditions. For sanitization, the blackwater needs to be treated together with energy-rich complementary material.

Forest streams and the associated riparian zones are sensitive to disturbances and changes that occur within these riparian areas. Particularly sensitive are small streams of low order, which will have large impacts down-stream. The disturbances that occur in the riparian zones are reflected quickly in the stream. Driving with forestry machines in the riparian zone will have detrimental effects to the soil and water. Driving the machines will lead to changes in the mineral soil composition, resulting in the reduction of porosity, less infiltration, compaction, and an increased bulk density.

What is the relation between literature and philosophy and what can we learn from it? Is there something about the novel and its language, fiction and narrative that separates it from philosophical litterature? In what way is knowledge about this useful to us, and is it possible to use fiction for the understanding of philosophy?This study makes an attempt to shed some light on the by no means obviuos distinction between philosophy and literature. The aim is to understand what, if in fact there is something that separates philosophy from literature, there is about the distinction that makes it possible for us to separate the ideas in literature from philosophical ideas, and in what way we can use the novel, or fiction in its widest meaning, to understand philosophy. When teaching philosophy you´re often required to make the abstract tangible. But if there´s a misconception about the distinction in what makes philosophical literature philosophical, then maybe there is something to learn from literature, or, at least, something about the fiction and its aesthetics, that makes it easier for us to relate to and understand, for example, the theories that are debated in moral philosophy.There are some philosophers who have used the form of fiction to make their thoughts on philosophical questions understandable.

Work, especially that in complex, dynamic workplaces, often requires subtle, local judgment with regard to timing of subtasks, relevance, importance, prioritization and so forth. Still, people in Nuclear Industry seem to think safety results from people just following procedures. In the wake of failure it can be tempting to introduce new procedures and an even stricter "rule following culture". None, or at least very little, attention is given to tacit knowledge and individual skills. I am aiming to highlight the inadequacy of putting too much trust in formalization and that reporting and trending of events will contribute to increased learning, an increased nuclear safety and an efficient operational experience.

On the 13th of June 2005 the Minister of Defence, Leni Björklund, was subjected to a formal complaint addressed to the Committee on the Constitution concerning her handling of a specific co-operation project with France. The project concerned the development of a technology demonstrator for an UCAV called Neuron. The reason for the complaint was that the Minister of Defence had failed to present the project to the parliament and thus bypassed a parliamentary decision. Such negligence might be considered unlawful under the Swedish Constitution. The issue became public during an unscheduled meeting with the Committee on Defence, a meeting that was arranged at the request of the Minister of Defence.

Allt fler svenskar är utlandsstationerade i Kina (Sveriges Ambassad 2008) och att anpassa sig till den kinesiska kulturen kan vara påfrestande för en utlandstjänstgörande. Problematiken kring kulturanpassning har lett till att olika teorier testats och utvecklats (Black & Mendenhall 1991). En av de modeller som tagits fram är U-kurvan som beskriver individens anpassningsprocess genom faserna kulturchock och kulturanpassning (Zapf 1991). Individuella faktorer, som exempelvis språkkunskaper och kulturell erfarenhet har varit centrala inom forskningsområdet (Earley & Mosakowski 2004, Shay & Baack 2004) och denna studie undersöker därför företagsrelaterade faktorer då en utlandstjänstgörandes förmåga att utföra sina arbetsuppgifter påverkas av hur pass anpassad individen är till kulturen (Aycan 1997, Jun m. fl.

The red-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus ascanius) is a small, alert and active animal inhabiting forests with dense vegetation and as such hard to observe in its natural habitat. The principal aim of this study was to scrutinize whether the methods, previously used in a behavioural study of the blue monkey (Cercopithecus mitis) can be applied in studies of the red-tailed monkey?s behaviour as well. Additionally, habitat preference and foraging behaviour of the red-tailed monkey were examined. The study was carried out between the 16th and the 22nd of March 2009 in the Sabaringo forest, located on the western border of the Masai Mara National Reserve.

Almost half of the population in Sweden suffers from obesity and the cases of eating disorders are increasing. We are exposed daily to the belief that losing weight will make us happier and it will just be through this particular diet. Even if it has been proven that short dieting plans like ?lose 20 pounds in one month? doesn?t give a long-term result, society continues to buy into the idea that they do.Every day 16000 placards are placed around us in Sweden with loud yellow colors and big black letters which make them almost impossible to avoid. Their main purpose is to attract and get as many people as possible to buy single copies.This essay deals with several questions: How diet tips figures on placards and how this has developed through years.

Introduktion: Kunskapen om hur mycket vi äter och dricker bygger till största delen på uppgifter från matvaneundersökningar där deltagarna själva rapporterat vad de har ätit och druckit. Uppgifter om livsmedelskonsumtion användas bland annat för att studera samband mellan matvanor och hälsa. I studier där hälsoeffekter av fiskkonsumtion undersöks, används ofta uppgifter om portionsstorlekar för fisk.Syfte: Att undersöka skillnader i portionsstorlekar för de fiskslag och fiskprodukter som rapporterats i matvaneundersökningen, Riksmaten vuxna 2010-11. Skillnader i portionsstorlek kommer att undersökas i relation till deltagarnas kön, ålder och eventuell underrapportering. Ett delsyfte var att ta fram ett grupperingssystem för de registrerade fiskalternativen i undersökningen.Metod: Portionsstorlekarna har tagits fram för kvinnor och män respektive för hela gruppen.

Introduktion: Kunskapen om hur mycket vi äter och dricker bygger till största delen på uppgifter från matvaneundersökningar där deltagarna själva rapporterat vad de har ätit och druckit. Uppgifter om livsmedelskonsumtion användas bland annat för att studera samband mellan matvanor och hälsa. I studier där hälsoeffekter av fiskkonsumtion undersöks, används ofta uppgifter om portionsstorlekar för fisk.Syfte: Att undersöka skillnader i portionsstorlekar för de fiskslag och fiskprodukter som rapporterats i matvaneundersökningen, Riksmaten vuxna 2010-11. Skillnader i portionsstorlek kommer att undersökas i relation till deltagarnas kön, ålder och eventuell underrapportering. Ett delsyfte var att ta fram ett grupperingssystem för de registrerade fiskalternativen i undersökningen.Metod: Portionsstorlekarna har tagits fram för kvinnor och män respektive för hela gruppen.

In the 1970?s it was predicted that in the beginning of the 21st century there would be a timber shortage in Sweden and a large scale introduction of the exotic tree species lodgepole pine started. An introduction of a foreign tree species means a risk of a negative influence on the forests ecosystem. Today, the stands that were established in the 70?s are middle-aged and the effect on the forest floor vegetation can be studied.