The aim of this thesis was to use qualitative approaches to show how teachers in primary school reason on their way to meet and communicate with children who have ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder). Research questions of the study were as follows: How does teachers in primary school reason about their way to communicate with children with ADHD? Do the teachers use some specific methods or means of communication with students who have ADHD? Do the teachers reason about their way how to handle conflicts with students who have ADHD? I collected my empirical material through a qualitative interview method. My theoretical starting points were interaction theory and the socio-cultural perspective. I have used these theories to analyze my material.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) är ett välkänt problem hos ungdomar. Studien jämför föräldrarnas upplevelser av ungdomarnas ADHD-problematik och ungdomarnas egna upplevelser av sig själva och sina föräldrars reaktioner. Befintliga data från ett forskningsprojekt används där undersökningsdeltagarna var ungdomar, från skolår sju till första året på gymnasiet. Resultaten visade att föräldrar som ger höga skattningar av sina ungdomars ADHD symptom skiljer sig kraftigt från andra föräldrar både när det rör ungdomars beteende och sina egna beteenden. Ungdomarna skiljer sig i upplevt eget beteende där ungdomarna med ADHD-problematiken hade svårigheter.

En terapeutisk relation är viktig i omvårdnaden av patienter med ätstörningar och det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan är medveten om dess betydelse i omvårdnaden. Syftet var att undersöka hur en terapeutisk relation skapas samt dess betydelse i omvårdnaden mellan sjuksköterskan och patienten med ätstörning. För sjuksköterskor kan det vara utmanande att etablera en terapeutisk relation till patienter med ätstörningar, då det är vanligt att dessa patienter inte har sjukdomsinsikt. Sjuksköterskan kan använda sig av olika strategier och verktyg för att skapa en terapeutisk relation och en vårdande miljö. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie och 12 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades.

KKS includes difficulties hearing speech in background noise although results from pure toneaudiometry are normal. The condition is also called ?Obscure Audiotory Dysfunction? and?Auditory disability with normal hearing?. KKS affects a heterogeneous group. We believethere is a need for synthesis of existing studies to acknowledge the condition in Sweden toimprove rehabilitation for the affected individuals.

Here is presented the result and discussion of a survey concerning the psychosocial environment in a school in the vicinity of Stockholm. The theoretical background of this study was the model of demand-control by Theorell, and various aspects of stress by Frankenhauser and Ödman. The survey was constituted of an inquiry form which was handed out to six different classes at the school. A total of 86 students filled in the form, and their answers were treated with standard statistical procedures to reveal the results. The inquiry form was made up by five parts; one that concerned the background of the respondent, one that reflected the psychosocial health and stress level and three parts that concerned discrimination, victimization and school democracy.

Frågan om ?normal? respektive ?patologisk? sorg har under en lång tid varit ett omdiskuterat ämne inom psykologin och psykiatrin. En grupp forskare har tagit fram kriterier på ett syndrom som fått benämningen ihållande sorg (?prolonged grief?). Studier har visat på att ihållande sorg är ett distinkt syndrom separat från depression, posttraumatisk stressyndrom och generaliserat ångestsyndrom.

The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of how nursing home staff at dementia care facilities interpret, treat and manages sexual behavior of patients. Four group interviews were made with a total of thirteen participants from three different dementia care facilities. The collected material was processed and thematized in pursuance of the research questions of the study. The results were analysed using three concepts from queer theory; heteronormativity, the heterosexual matrix and power, as well as an article about how nursing home staff constructs actions of patients. The results showed that staff member?s assessments about the patient?s sexual behaviours depended on their posture towards the norm of what is considered to be acceptable.

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a common genetic disorder that affects for example the heart, palate, immune system and hearing and therefore affects a child?s development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proportion of children (0-18 years) with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome who have a hearing loss. A retrospective study of 103 children diagnosed with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome was conducted by medical records. Of the 103 children, 51 were boys and 52 were girls.

This thesis describes and analyzes how some early childhood educators and parents perceive cooperation in educational work with 4-5 years old children who have been diagnosed with autism. The work will examine which approach preschool teachers assume, the extent to which parents are involved in the work and how parents influence looks.The Literature section provides an overview of previous research on different pedagogical approaches with autistic children, what parental cooperation can mean for autistic children, and what advantages and disadvantages there are with cooperation between preschool teachers and parents.This work has a hermeneutic perspective. The method is based on a qualitative study where we used qualitative interviews with a hermeneutics base. The theoretical starting point for this work is the variety of theoretical perspectives.The final results/summary we came up with is that preschool teachers and parents of autistic children believe that parental cooperation in preschool has a crucial role in children's development and learning. Both sides believe that it is necessary to have a partnership, but we also came to the conclusion that parental cooperation, in addition to the positive, was also perceived as problematic to some degree..

Background:The adult inpatient psychiatric care is regulated by law and allows certain amount of coercion, most commonly restraint, forced medication and seclusion. To be treated according to this law you need to suffer from a serious mental disorder, oppose to the care and have an indispensable need of care. Many studies describe patients experiences to be treated with coercion but few about health care workers experiences.Aim:To describe health care workers experiences of performing coercion in psychiatric compulsory care.Method:A literature review was made and eight articles is the basis for the result.Results:From the articles used inthis study four themes were created. These are coercions impact on relations, health care workers feelings during coercion, coercion as a necessary evil and health care workers need for reflection. The themes are presented as headlines in the result.Conclusion:To use coercive measures brings out many different feelings among health care workers.

Concentration problems have been discussed from a variety of angles and have been problemized in different ways. One approach is to place the major part of the problem on the child independent of its environment. The terms used as an explanatory model are ?attention disorder, impulsiveness, difficulty at finding suitable activity levels, difficulty in understanding rules and instructions? (Kadesjö 2007). Others place the root of the problem in the environment prevalent at pre-school and school.

Our study illustrates health communication in order to find out how widespread the knowledge is about osteoporosis and how to reach out with health information to the public. Our essay was conducted through quantitative surveys, which included 402 respondents. This in order to highlight the prevailing uncertainty about the public disorder osteoporosis, which is common in Sweden. We wish to examine trough which channels our respondents choose to collect their health information. The thesis framework includes theories such as McGuire?s ProcessingTheory, Agenda setting, Two-step hypothesis and Diffusion of innovation. Through these theories, we analyzed our empirical data that emerged. The results showed that our respondents had very low knowledge of osteoporosis, although theyshowed interest for health information. The results also showed that respondents were consistent intheir actions regarding which channels they came to turn to. They prefered their health informationfrom news papers and family, friends and work colleagues. When asked where they got their information from, the respondents answered mostly from family, friends and work colleagues, followed closely by newspapers. This shows that respondents are more receptive to informationfrom the channels of their own choice. The results also showed that the propensity to change behavior increases with the age of the respondents..

Bakgrund: Dikotiska tester kan användas som del i testbatteriet för utredning av hörseluppfattningsstörning (APD, eng. auditory processing disorder) samt vid differentialdiagnostisering. I Sverige har dikotiska tester använts i studier där försökspersonerna varit 11 år eller äldre. Utanför Sverige har studier dock gjorts på barn från 5 år och uppåt.Syfte: Syftet med denna undersökning var att ta fram ett normalmaterial avseende dikotiska tester för elever i årskurs 1, 2, 3 respektive 4 i grundskolan.Metod: Dikotiska tester har utförts vid två grundskolor, på totalt 53 elever i årskurs 1-4. Testmaterialet bestod av siffror, stavelser samt meningar, vilket rapporterats med riktad rapportering.

Fetma och psykisk ohälsa är två utbredda folkhälsoproblem som förutom att orsaka stor samsjuklighet, även ger stora ekonomiska förluster för samhällena. Den här systematiska litteraturstudien gjordes i syftet att undersöka eventuell förekomst av sambandet mellan fetma och psykisk ohälsa. I denna studie avses psykisk ohälsa som ångest, låg sinnesstämning och depression. Pub Med och Lib Hub användes för datainsamling. Vid urval av artiklarna var en av de huvudsakliga etiska principerna att artiklarna måste blivit granskade.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that brings great changes in every individual's way of living. The goal in diabetes treatment is that the individual will be able to live a normal life, with normal length. To achieve this there is need to avoid complications, both acute and long-term. To be able to do this this the patient need knowledge about the illness and how to adjust pharmacological treatment to diet and exercise. In this, patient education is an important part.