The purpose of the thesis is to describe how environmental compensation is carried through when it comes to exploitation of Natura 2000. The thesis also relates to the three theories of planning synoptic, advocacy and transactive. Three cases of environmental compensation have been studied from three different countries where an exploitation of the Natura 2000 is done. Sweden, Germany and the Netherlands have all been working with environmental impact assessments as a demand to be able to carry through their projects. The projects concern the development of a railway track, an industry and a port which all have been approved by the EU-commission to carry on because of socioeconomic reasons.

The aim of this thesis is to create an understanding of the incentives for forest companies to invest in reducing carbon dioxide emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, which is termed REDD. The Brazilian Amazonas was chosen as the base for the investment case. Brazil has the largest area of rainforest in the world, and also the biggest problem with deforestation. The Amazon region of Brazil comprises rainforest which is largely intact and unexploited. Accordingly, there is significant potential scope for prospective investments in a REDD-project, and so have a noteworthy impact in preventing deforestation.The research approach used the United Nation?s Clean Development Mechanism concept was used as a framework for ascertaining the investment costs in potential REDD-projects.

I denna uppsats är utgångspunkten att affärsförhandlingar blir allt viktigare som ett område för yrkeskunnande, kompetens och lärande. Trots detta saknas forskning ur ett pedagogiskt perspektiv på området.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka området affärsförhandling och dess potential som pedagogiskt forskningsområde. Detta har skett genom att studera ett antal företag med grund inom kunskapsekonomin och vars verksamhet omfattar komplexa affärer. Undersökningen har genomförts i form av form av kvalitativa intervjuer med yrkespersoner som besitter stor erfarenhet och kunskap av affärsförhandlingar på sina respektive områden. Resultatet dessa intervjuer har sedan jämförts och analyserats med hjälp av ett antal i bruk varande teorier och modeller på det pedagogiska området.Studien visar att affärsförhandling kan ses som en social, situerad, dialogisk och resultatorienterad process där det ofta saknas en gräns mellan försäljning och förhandling.

Today's society is facing major challenges. In order to reduce the climate impact fossil fuels should be replaced with fuels that do not contribute to the greenhouse effect. The growing population generates organic waste originating from industry and households so called organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Through anaerobic digestion, waste can be utilized to produce energy-rich methane gas. In this way, waste can be a resource instead of a burden on society.

This study deals with the distinct difference in media attention the earthquake-disaster in Haiti and the flood-disaster in Pakistan got in 2010. There may be many reasons to this divergence, but this study focuses on how news articles can create compassion.   This study, with its critical perspective, examines how two daily papers in Sweden portray the suffering of the victims of the catastrophes in Haiti and Pakistan, and create compassion for them. Furthermore it asks the question who benefits from the newspaper?s description of human suffering in the third world.   The result shows that the manner of which Swedish daily newspapers report from the catastrophe in Haiti creates an emotional involvement, which most likely leads to compassion. Furthermore it shows potential to lead the readers to identify with the suffering people in Haiti.   The Swedish daily newspapers report of the catastrophe in Pakistan on the other hand, does not involve the reader on an emotional level, but gives them the role of a spectator.

The study is based on a new approach on how Swedish healthcare is supposed to be controlled and organized. There is a renowned administration problem within Swedish healthcare, which seems to be an obstacle to exploit the resources to the fullest. The latest venture within the healthcare system is patient involvement, where the patients become co-producers of their own care, which aims to both improve and make healthcare more efficient. A few wards in Sweden have implemented this new approach whereupon the study intends to discuss the effectiveness and efficiency in some of these.The study is restricted to three wards, whereof two of these are inpatient wards and the other one is an outpatient ward, within the medical clinic in Jönköping County Council, which has implemented the patient involvement approach in their daily work. The methodology for this study is qualitative in its nature where a time study of personnel time allocation and supplementary interviews with managing nurses on the wards have been conducted.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the ERK model's relevance, validity and potential need of development to better reflect how it looks today (2013). Method: The study is conducted through three surveys; the first two were face interviews with companies that sponsor Swedish soccer teams and the third study was conducted with a questionnaire to supporters outside a soccer stadium. Results: A model that would better reflect the reality of today (2013) could contain company pride, chairman?s whim, exposure, relationships and associations..

I Sveriges storstadsregioner har behovet av mer strategiskt utformade planer växt fram under senare år. I korthet beror detta på kommunens begränsande möjligheter att påverka bebyggelseutvecklingen. Samtidigt har kommunerna fortfarande ett ansvar för att bebyggelseutvecklingen leds mot en social, ekonomisk och ekologisk hållbarhet. Behovet av att koncentrera de kommunala insatserna har då ökat. Kommunens roll blir att tillhandahålla hållbara rumsliga ramar där förändringar på kvartersnivå sker i privat regi.

Syftet med examensarbetet är att utreda vilken potential det finns för en samverkan mellan Tekniska Verken och växthus. Målet är att genom industriell symbios skapa en resurseffektiv systemlösning där Tekniska Verkens produktionsanläggningars miljöprestanda förbättras samtidigt som växthusets klimatpåverkan minskas.Tekniska Verken har överskottsvärme i sina produktionsanläggningar. Under 2007 hade Gärstad- och Kraftvärmeverket 54 GWh överskottsvärme. Största delen av överskottsvärmen fanns på sommaren, då värmebehovet i fjärrvärmesystemet var som lägst. Effekten som kyldes bort under sommaren uppgick till 25 MW.Om ett par år kommer Svensk Biogas anläggning i Linköping ha överskottsvärme på 26 GWh per år.

The trend towards increasingly large farming units raises questions regarding how to better monitor production. Larger units make the impact from possible errors more severe, which increases the pressure on management supervision. To cope with management issues, prevent errors and handle increased demands on traceability and documentation, the Real Time Location Systems (RTLS) concept is making its way into various parts of agriculture. In sectors outside agriculture, RTLS are already being used successfully to track and locate items through nodes at different levels of accuracy, such as room level or the relative or absolute position. Empirical data can be received in real time from the nodes.

To achieve a sustainable development, three aspects have to take equal place in the society; environmental, economical and social. To reduce the impact on the environment and the amount of greenhouse gases supplied to the atmosphere, industrialized countries and less developed countries must start cooperating. Also the use of renewable energy sources, like solar, hydro and wind power, have to increase.Wind power has great potential as a future energy supply. It is cost efficient, quickly developed and the resource is abundant and available worldwide.Examinations made in Sweden, indicates that there are difficulties establishing wind power at the same pace as the environmental goals, set by the Swedish government, requires. Mainly because people living nearby potential areas for wind power farms, appeal against the decision.This study aims to investigate differences between how people in Sweden and Brazil look at wind power as a future energy source and at the establishing process.

The aim of this essay is to study how the University Church is represented in student newspapers. By conducting an inductive thematic analysis on sixteen articles chosen from newspapers distributed by the student union at three Swedish universities, the main purpose of the study is to further understand the role and function of the University Church in a contemporary Swedish context. Three themes emerging from the initial step of the thematic analysis were chosen for further analysis: (1) a secularized church?, (2) provocation and (3) reasons to seek out the University Church. The themes were then highlighted by two theoretical perspectives: Mark Chaves? theory of internal secularization and a theoretical framework developed by Anders Bäckström with the aim to explain the role of the church as a welfare agent in Sweden.The study shows that the University Church is portrayed as both an ambiguous and complex organization.

Housing construction very close to the lake Mälaren has become very popular today. One potential problem with these houses is the influence of the sea climate. Unprotected buildings are affected by strong winds and precipitation. So for that reason, it is very important to make an accurate climate investigation and use it for decision-making during the planning of the new settlement.It is very important with a good moisture protection regarding pelting rain, that is the combination of wind and rain. This is more important for buildings close to a lake, as this location normally means a higher exposure to wind.

Uppgiften för examensarbetet har varit att göra en bestämning av ammoniumhalten ibiogasslurry med hjälp av jonkromatografi. Resultatet från analysen har sedan jämförtsstatistiskt för att bland annat se repeterbarheten för metoden. Metoden har även jämförts medden spektrofotometriska metoden som finns på Sobacken, så kallad Langemetoden.Ammoniumhalten är en parameter som påverkar biogasbildningen i rötkammaren och det ärdärför viktigt att denna hålls låg.Jonkromatografi är en separtionsmetod som bygger på jonbyteskromatografi. En separationsker i en kolonn innehållande en stationär fas och genom den flödar den mobila fasen ochäven provet. Den stationära fasen och eleuenten har olika laddningar, för katjonkolonnen ärden stationära fasen negativ och den mobila positiv.

Allt större krav ställs idag på den offentliga sektorn. Det har också skapat höga krav på effektivitet och rationalisering inom offentlig verksamhet, exempelvis kommunal service. Faktum är att det idag nästan ställs samma krav på kommunal verksamhet som på ett vinstmaximerande företag. Visst finns det skillnader mellan företag och kommunala förvaltningar i till exempel uppdrag, men kronorna bör hållas i lika hårt i båda fallen. Dessa högre krav leder också till att kommunal organisation, ledning och styrning måste vidareutvecklas och fungera så effektivt som möjligt.