Latvia has been an independent state twice, the first time during the years 1918-1940 and the second time from the year 1991 and ahead. During these two periods Latvia has been a destination for tourists. The aim of this study is to describe how Latvia as a destination has developed during the years of independence. One further aim is to compare what Latvia?s tourism industry looked like during the same periods to descry similarities and differences.

Due to excess precipitation that cause runoff, all soils in Sweden naturally leaches nitrogen.High leaching from arable land is an environmental problem when the runoff reacheswaters. In the international agreement, Baltic Sea Action Plan, the aim is to reduce therunoff of nutrients. Sweden has agreed to reduce its load of e.g. nitrogen to the Baltic Sea.One of the proposed measures is an increased use of site-specific N-fertilization, which hasbeen shown to increase nitrogen use efficiency and therefore also reduce the nitrogen runoff.Either yields are increased with the same total amount of nitrogen, or the total quantityof nitrogen is reduced with preserved yield levels, which is profitable for the farmers.The dynamics of nitrogen leaching differs between top dressing applications above orbelow the economical optimum. There is a consensus about a difference in the dynamics,but not about its magnitude.

Det här examensarbetet syftar till att undersöka i vilken omfattning det bedrivs undervisning om hållbar utveckling på gymnasienivå i Växjö kommun och vilken inställning elever och lärare har till ett sådant arbete. Den undersökning som ligger till grund för resultatet är en enkätundersökning genomförd på en utvald grupp av elever och lärare i Växjö kommun. Resultatet visar på att undervisning bedrivs men inte i en tillräcklig omfattning utifrån vad nationella och internationella styrdokument gör gällande. Undersökningen visar dock att elever och lärare har en överhuvudtaget positiv inställning till undervisning om hållbar utveckling och miljön som helhet..

Today, the catering personnel are an essential part of the safety organization on board Swedish passenger vessels in ferry services. Their responsibilities for the safety on board have increased in connection with the changes in regulations made on the shipping industry. These changes have been mostly related to human factors and structural leadership in the last 25 years.A well-functioning safety organization requires competence and commitment from every individual. Previous researches on Swedish passenger ferries concerning the safety organization have raised issues regarding the catering personnel?s perception of the safety on board.

Östersjöregionen är en av Europas snabbast växande regioner och Blekinge har ett strategiskt läge mitt i denna expansiva region. Studien behandlar Sydöstra Östersjöregionens utveckling och belyser de tre INTERREG-projekten Seagull, SEB Trans-Link och Baltic Gateway ur ett robusthetsperspektiv. En robusthetsanalys med hänsyn till tekniska, ekologiska och sociala aspekter görs med utgångspunkt från identifierade regionala riskfaktorer samt de effekter INTERREG-projekten förväntas få på Blekinge. Resultaten från analysen jämförs sedan med Blekingestrategin och slutligen presenteras föreslagna prioriteringar för att uppnå ett robustare Blekinge..

En omfattande omflaggning av svenska fartyg har pa?ga?tt under en la?ngre tid. Tidigare har det fra?mst bero?rt andra segment av den svenska sjo?farten, men det senaste a?ret har trenden med omflaggning a?ven spridit sig till fa?rjor. Syftet med denna studie har varit att kartla?gga vilka utmaningar som finns med att bedriva fa?rjesjo?fart under svensk flagg och hur framtiden kan komma att se ut fo?r svenska sjo?befa?l inom fa?rjesjo?farten.

This paper was written at the Baltic Business School in Kalmar. The purpose was to analyze and determine the importance of packaged holidays within the tourism and travel sector and how value can be created for the customer. This have been done with a focus on the chosen parts; customer needs and how packaging can create value, how companies can work to give the customer increased value through packaging, last but not least how companies segment the market and if there are specific segments that prefer packaging. We have applied the qualitative method through conducting four face-to-face interviews and one phoneinterview. The purpose of this paper is not to generalize, but to show patterns in the chosen subject.

This paper examines whether membership in the European Union has contributed to democratic stability and integration in an ethnic diverse society. By studying the Latvian multicultural society, before and after membership in the EU, the author is looking for evidence of enhanced ethnic stability in the country brought through European integration. The author will analyze what the consequences have been, by adopting European regional policy, for a country that yet has to create a unified national identity. By analyzing different areas of the Latvian society, the author has concluded that the EU has played a small but yet not insignificant role for the Latvian domestic integration process..

The ferry traffic to Gotland is essential for the island?s ability to live and develop. Yearly, it transports 1,6 million passengers, 500 000 personal vehicles and 750 000 lane meters of freight with four Ro-Pax ferries. The traffic is controlled and subsidized by the Swedish government since 1971 in order to guarantee the inhabitants and industry of Gotland a satisfactory transportation service. As a consequence of the past decades increased traffic quality, mainly due to a decrease in crossing times, the traffic?s environmental impact and costs has also increased.The Master Thesis proposes a new energy efficient traffic arrangement that satisfies the users? preferences in the same extent as today.

FN har deklarerat år 2005 till år 2015 som ett decennium för utbildning om hållbar utveckling. Därför var det intressant att undersöka om det har fått någon genomslagskraft i den gymnasiala undervisningen. Syftet med den här undersökningen var att undersöka om ett skifte från traditionell miljöundervisning till undervisning för hållbar utveckling har skett.Det empiriska materialet består av sex kvalitativa intervjuer med två fysiklärare, två naturkunskapslärare och två samhällskunskapslärare. Resultatet av denna studie visade att kunskaperna för hållbar utveckling varierar bland lärarna och att det inte har skett ett skifte från traditionell miljöundervisning till undervisning för hållbar utveckling fullt ut. Den undervisning som idag bedrivs ligger inom den normativa miljöutbildningen.

The Baltic Sea is one of the world?s most polluted seas. Increased discharge of nutrients due to greater populations of people, together with a slow water exchange, creates great stress on the sea. Too much nutrients leads to increased growth of algae and causes problem in the ecosystem. Even if we reduce nutrient discharge the problem still exist in the ocean. When algae dies and sinks, more nutritional substances is produced called "internal eutrophication". This phenomenon will grow in the future due to a warmer climate and the problem is spreading towards the coastal zone, which is an important site for fish recreation. By removing the abundance of algae, the nutritional and toxic substances are reduced and the algae biomass can be a future resource for biofuel production..

This paper concerns the flagging out of merchant navy vessels and its consequenses. Flaggingout is method used by ship owners in order to gain advantages. Under a different flag, thevessel's legal residence become the subject of another country´s laws. Toward the end of thefirst decade of the 20th century ferry -and passangervessels trading in the Baltic Sea wereflagged out from Åland to the flag of Sweden. Flagging out to Sweden is not common but thespecific circumstances for this trade has made the Swedish ship's register interesting for shipowners.

Den planerade gasledningen Nord Stream, eller ?den ryska gasledningen?, har varit föremål för enintensiv debatt sedan hösten 2006 i såväl pressen som i riksdagen. Debatten har spänt över ett brettfält där miljöhänsyn och säkerhetspolitiska aspekter har avlösts av inlägg rörande Sverigeshandlingsfrihet inom ramen för internationella havsrättsliga avtal och hur Nord Stream skahandläggas för att denna handlingsfrihet inte ska begränsas inom ramen för svenskförvaltningslagstiftning.Föreliggande arbete analyserar debatten runt Nord Stream från det att projektet presenterades påvåren 2005 och fram till den särskilda debatt som hölls i riksdagen samma dag som Nord StreamAG inlämnade sig ansökan om miljöprövning till regeringen. Källmaterialet har hämtats fråndebattsidorna i Sveriges två största morgontidningar samt från riksdagens kammare och därefteranalyserats med en argumentationsanalytisk modell enligt Arne Næss..

Eutrophication of the Baltic Sea and Swedish lakes remains a major problem despite many years of effort to reduce the emissions of nutrients. One major source is waste water systems, especially private sewage systems. These sewages accounts for a very large share of nutrients per capita in comparison with citizens connected to larger sewage treatment plants. Norrtälje community has the greatest number of private sewage systems in Sweden. Discharges of nutrients, especially phosphorus, to the Baltic Sea from these sewage systems are significant.

GNT Group is a Nordic/Baltic wholesaler that distributes products in the IT, entertainment and home electronics sector. GNT is facing problems with inaccurate inventory levels which can lead to unnecessarily high inventory carrying costs or lost sales. Currently the decisions about when and how many to order are made somewhat arbitrarily by the responsible personnel. Their decisions are based only on some brief sales history and on experience. GNT wants to develop its ERP system to be able to support the purchaser in these and other related decisions.