Sverige är indelat i kommuner och landsting, vilka på demokratin och den kommunala självstyrelsens grund sköter de angelägenheter som anges i kommunallagen. Dessa angelägenheter måste rymmas inom ramen för den kommunala kompetensen för att anses utgöra en kommu-nal angelägenhet. Denna uppsats har som syfte att undersöka denna kompetens och vilket rättsligt utrymme kommuner ges när de enligt 2 kap. 8 § 2 st. KL riktar individuellt stöd till enskilda näringsidkare.I uppsatsen används den traditionella rättsdogmatiska metoden.

Background: The way in which corporate managers interpret, reason and evaluate uncertainties and constant changes, and how they take advantage of their experiences and wisdom can make a big difference for the long term survival of their companies. The requirements for efficiency and flexibility have increased in many ways, especially concerning the workforce needed and its degree of competency. In Sweden, employee recruiting industry has grown concurrently with the changes in the Swedish economy. Purpose: The purpose is to better understand the recruiting industry by performing a theoretical evaluation from a cognitive perspective. Delimitation: We intended to study the cognitive characteristics of the Swedish recruitment industry.

Tidigare studier indikerar att elever uppvisar bristande kunskaper inom matematik och att många elever har problem med platsvärde. Forskning belyser vikten av att elever får kunskaper om att talsorterna har olika värde beroende på dess position. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka vad elever baserar sina resonemang på när de löser matematiska problem inom positionssystemet. Vilka resonemang för eleverna och vilka begreppsbilder uppvisar de? Genom en kvalitativ metod där sex elever enskilt har observerats med hjälp av videokamera har vi gjort två delstudier.

Participating in peace support operations has been and remains a significant part of the Swedish defense and security politics. Since the end of the Cold War, the Swedish national defence has been more and more dismantled, in favor of international peace support operations which have become an increasingly important task for the Swedish defence. Why then, is Sweden so engaged in conflicts so far from home? Using two classic theories of international politics, realism and liberalism, this study aims to shed light on arguments from the Swedish parliament on why it is important for Sweden to participate in international peace support operations. After analyzing arguments of the Social Democrat Party, the Moderate Party, the Green Party and the Liberal Party concerning three different peace support operations which Sweden has participated in, the result shows that although both realism and liberalism are influencing the parties? argumentation, liberalism is the theory which is used more often.

This report discusses the constructionof different types of exterior wallconstructions and analyses wall layers.Standard wall constructions from theSwedish building contractors NCC andSkanska and also from the materialproducer Isover have been chosen for theresearch. Life cycle cost analysis hasbeen made to conclude the mostprofitable wall type, seen from asustainable and economic perspective.The calculations have been made for aperiod of 50 years.The report shows that building with wellinsulated walls is a more profitablesolution both economically and whatconcerns sustainability even though thehigher investment. However, when wallssimilar insulation properties are beingcompared, the study proves that lowerinvestment cost is more profitable.The report introduces requiredconstruction techniques of walls inorder that the reader should understandwall constructions with different layersand properties. The essay shows theimportance of properly constructed wallsto avoid air leakage and moisturedamage.The essay has been implemented byliterature studies, contacts with NCCand Skanska and by energy calculationsmade by hand and using the software VIPEnergy..

Den här uppsatsen är en kritisk analys av King och hans ickevåldsideologi. Uppsatsens syfte och avgränsning är att granska och redogöra för den ideologi som King genom sina tal, predikningar och övriga skrifter redogjorde för. Metoden jag använt mig av är att systematisera Kings ideologi för att därefter analysera den. Efter en kritisk granskning av Kings ickevåldsideologi står det klart att den är koherent, men att hans argumentation emellanåt är bristfällig. I synnerhet brister King vid en rimlighetsprövning.

This thesis examines the ongoing European political debate on the links between livestock production and climate change. In the end of 2006 the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released their report Livestock?s long shadow, showing that livestock production represents some 18 % of the total global greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the European Commission?s position and response to this question since the release of the report.Using Arne Naess? argumentation analysis, statements made by the Commission will be systematically organized and broken apart.

This paper examines the impact of conscious shelf management on online grocery stores. An S-O-R framework is used to unveil if some established shelf management techniques from physical stores are applicable in an online context. We also explain some of the cognitive processes customers experience as they get exposed to online buying situations. A main study with two data sources is conducted: one quantitative website experiment with 168 participants who got exposed to five different organisation patterns within five different categories; and one more qualitative eye tracking experiment with 20 participants. The results indicate that a disorganised product page evokes not only different scan paths and cognitive patterns but also generates higher sales.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate how a valuation of a company preceding an acquisition can be affected by the fact that a strong brand is attached to the target company. Techniques to value a company and theories of brands are well developed, but the link between them is partially missing even though the needs to value brands have increased. A case study of five Swedish acquisitions is conducted to identify possible complicating and simplifying factors and how these are handled in the context of a valuation of an acquired company with a strong brand. Important findings are that a decreased volatility of future earnings can lead to more accurate prognoses and valuations due to the existence of a strong brand. A strong brand can, on the other hand, also make the valuation of the target company more difficult due to the fact that it is a subjective asset which increases the overall risk of the company.

Swedish school children exhibit deteriorating knowledge results in terms of reading comprehension. Previous research shows that a method to increase the level of knowledge is the use of evidence-based learning techniques. Test based learning generates what is commonly referred to as a test effect, which proved to strengthen the relationship between learning and memory, as well as being applicable to various test formats. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether test based learning, in terms of learning english words leads to increased performance in a reading comprehension test, more specifically a cloze test. The study was based on a within-group design and was conducted three times over four weeks.

Läroplanen för grundskolan lyfter debatt och argumentationskunskaper i såväl övergripande mål samt specifika mål för olika ämnen. Flera forskare diskuterar debatt och argumentationsstrategier som viktiga faktorer i utvecklandet av demokratiska individer, något som skolan strävar efter. Vidare lyfts problem med lärare och elevers osäkerhet inför denna form av undervisning tillika så problem kring skillnader i hur flickor och pojkar presterar i klassrumssamtal. Följande studie presenterar en undersökning gjord i två klasser, årskurs åtta och nio, där vi observerat elevers argumentationsstrategier i debattsammanhang. Syftet har varit att undersöka elevers argumentationsstrategier i debattsammanhang ur ett genusperspektiv.

I 1 Korintierbrevet finns två ofta diskuterade avsnitt som med speciellt fokus på kvinnorna talar om ordningen vid kristna sammankomster: 11:2-16 och 14:34-36. Denna uppsats gör en analys av dessa texter och deras behandling i den vetenskapliga litteraturen. Hur ska man förhålla sig till att kompetenta forskare kommer till rakt motsatta slutsatser? Är det fel i argumentationen, i premisserna, eller saknar vi helt enkelt tillräcklig kunskap? Går det att skilja på vad som är omstritt av exegetiska respektive teologiska skäl?Slutsatsen är att bland tre typer av argumentation som förekommer i litteraturen, som jag kallar den värderande, den datainsamlande respektive den konstruktiva, har forskningen en olycklig slagsida mot den första typen. Alltför mycket har skrivits utan att tillföra något av varken fakta eller ideer - man refererar bara till tidigare forskning och väger olika uppfattningar mot varandra.

The first ad was published in Sweden 1645. Advertising itself is not a new phenomenon, it's just the conditions that has been changed. Today, advertising is a matter of course in our daily lives, every day we are exposed to thousands of messages that wants to persuade and convince us to consume. In this paper, we have looked into the semiotic and rhetorical tricks that are used for this particular persuasion, and we have investigated whether they have changed in the last 60 years or if the same tricks are still being used today. Our two hypotheses is: A) the rhetorical and semiotic basis of an ad looks the same today as 60 years ago.

Despite narrative advertising being an increasingly popular strategy among brands today, little research has examined the different expressions of repetition variation strategy in comparison to its alternative, argumentative advertising. Still unexplained is whether the appreciation and recognition created from successful storytelling-based commercial campaigns is a result of execution or the format itself. This study aims to investigate four repetition variation strategies, three narratives and one argumentative, to determine which one is the most effective and also which one that generates the highest advertising equity. An experiment was conducted through exposing four groups of Swedish High School students to text-based advertising manuscripts customized after format, where each group was exposed to ads on two separate occasions. The result showed evidence of narrative advertising being easier to comprehend, which according to theory should lead to higher advertising effectiveness.

Denna uppsats syftar till att granska om och hur Statsvetenskapliga institutionen vid Lunds universitet lyckats integrera ett genusperspektiv i utbildningen på grund- och fortsättningskursen (1-60 hp). Detta gör vi utifrån en normativ argumentation om genusperspektivets värde för akademisk utbildning samt universitetets och institutionens uttalade mål för dess integrering. Genom att titta på hur man formulerat sig i utbildningsplaner och scheman samt genom en granskning av kurslitteraturen argumenterar vi för att man inte lyckats integrera ett genusperspektiv i den utsträckning vi anser vara önskvärd. I vår analys fann vi att en stor del av kurserna helt saknar genusperspektiv. Vid de tillfällen då man gjort försök att införa det har detta visat sig problematiskt utifrån flera av genusperspektivets grundläggande antaganden.