Background: The way in which corporate managers interpret, reason and evaluate uncertainties and constant changes, and how they take advantage of their experiences and wisdom can make a big difference for the long term survival of their companies. The requirements for efficiency and flexibility have increased in many ways, especially concerning the workforce needed and its degree of competency. In Sweden, employee recruiting industry has grown concurrently with the changes in the Swedish economy. Purpose: The purpose is to better understand the recruiting industry by performing a theoretical evaluation from a cognitive perspective. Delimitation: We intended to study the cognitive characteristics of the Swedish recruitment industry.

Tidigare studier indikerar att elever uppvisar bristande kunskaper inom matematik och att många elever har problem med platsvärde. Forskning belyser vikten av att elever får kunskaper om att talsorterna har olika värde beroende på dess position. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka vad elever baserar sina resonemang på när de löser matematiska problem inom positionssystemet. Vilka resonemang för eleverna och vilka begreppsbilder uppvisar de? Genom en kvalitativ metod där sex elever enskilt har observerats med hjälp av videokamera har vi gjort två delstudier.

Participating in peace support operations has been and remains a significant part of the Swedish defense and security politics. Since the end of the Cold War, the Swedish national defence has been more and more dismantled, in favor of international peace support operations which have become an increasingly important task for the Swedish defence. Why then, is Sweden so engaged in conflicts so far from home? Using two classic theories of international politics, realism and liberalism, this study aims to shed light on arguments from the Swedish parliament on why it is important for Sweden to participate in international peace support operations. After analyzing arguments of the Social Democrat Party, the Moderate Party, the Green Party and the Liberal Party concerning three different peace support operations which Sweden has participated in, the result shows that although both realism and liberalism are influencing the parties? Argumentation, liberalism is the theory which is used more often.

Den här uppsatsen är en kritisk analys av King och hans ickevåldsideologi. Uppsatsens syfte och avgränsning är att granska och redogöra för den ideologi som King genom sina tal, predikningar och övriga skrifter redogjorde för. Metoden jag använt mig av är att systematisera Kings ideologi för att därefter analysera den. Efter en kritisk granskning av Kings ickevåldsideologi står det klart att den är koherent, men att hans Argumentation emellanåt är bristfällig. I synnerhet brister King vid en rimlighetsprövning.

This thesis examines the ongoing European political debate on the links between livestock production and climate change. In the end of 2006 the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released their report Livestock?s long shadow, showing that livestock production represents some 18 % of the total global greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the European Commission?s position and response to this question since the release of the report.Using Arne Naess? Argumentation analysis, statements made by the Commission will be systematically organized and broken apart.

Läroplanen för grundskolan lyfter debatt och Argumentationskunskaper i såväl övergripande mål samt specifika mål för olika ämnen. Flera forskare diskuterar debatt och Argumentationsstrategier som viktiga faktorer i utvecklandet av demokratiska individer, något som skolan strävar efter. Vidare lyfts problem med lärare och elevers osäkerhet inför denna form av undervisning tillika så problem kring skillnader i hur flickor och pojkar presterar i klassrumssamtal. Följande studie presenterar en undersökning gjord i två klasser, årskurs åtta och nio, där vi observerat elevers Argumentationsstrategier i debattsammanhang. Syftet har varit att undersöka elevers Argumentationsstrategier i debattsammanhang ur ett genusperspektiv.

I 1 Korintierbrevet finns två ofta diskuterade avsnitt som med speciellt fokus på kvinnorna talar om ordningen vid kristna sammankomster: 11:2-16 och 14:34-36. Denna uppsats gör en analys av dessa texter och deras behandling i den vetenskapliga litteraturen. Hur ska man förhålla sig till att kompetenta forskare kommer till rakt motsatta slutsatser? Är det fel i Argumentationen, i premisserna, eller saknar vi helt enkelt tillräcklig kunskap? Går det att skilja på vad som är omstritt av exegetiska respektive teologiska skäl?Slutsatsen är att bland tre typer av Argumentation som förekommer i litteraturen, som jag kallar den värderande, den datainsamlande respektive den konstruktiva, har forskningen en olycklig slagsida mot den första typen. Alltför mycket har skrivits utan att tillföra något av varken fakta eller ideer - man refererar bara till tidigare forskning och väger olika uppfattningar mot varandra.

Despite narrative advertising being an increasingly popular strategy among brands today, little research has examined the different expressions of repetition variation strategy in comparison to its alternative, argumentative advertising. Still unexplained is whether the appreciation and recognition created from successful storytelling-based commercial campaigns is a result of execution or the format itself. This study aims to investigate four repetition variation strategies, three narratives and one argumentative, to determine which one is the most effective and also which one that generates the highest advertising equity. An experiment was conducted through exposing four groups of Swedish High School students to text-based advertising manuscripts customized after format, where each group was exposed to ads on two separate occasions. The result showed evidence of narrative advertising being easier to comprehend, which according to theory should lead to higher advertising effectiveness.

Denna uppsats syftar till att granska om och hur Statsvetenskapliga institutionen vid Lunds universitet lyckats integrera ett genusperspektiv i utbildningen på grund- och fortsättningskursen (1-60 hp). Detta gör vi utifrån en normativ Argumentation om genusperspektivets värde för akademisk utbildning samt universitetets och institutionens uttalade mål för dess integrering. Genom att titta på hur man formulerat sig i utbildningsplaner och scheman samt genom en granskning av kurslitteraturen argumenterar vi för att man inte lyckats integrera ett genusperspektiv i den utsträckning vi anser vara önskvärd. I vår analys fann vi att en stor del av kurserna helt saknar genusperspektiv. Vid de tillfällen då man gjort försök att införa det har detta visat sig problematiskt utifrån flera av genusperspektivets grundläggande antaganden.

Syftet med det här arbetet är att undersöka hur gymnasieelever i grupp formulerar förklaringar av ett naturvetenskapligt fenomen. Förklaringarnas uppbyggnad analyseras med hjälp av en modell för Argumentationsanalys. Gruppernas diskussionsförlopp studeras med hjälp av modellen för att undersöka hur eleverna konstruerar argument tillsammans. Även huruvida grupperna lyckas formulera vetenskapliga förklaringar undersöks. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av videoobservationer på smågrupper av elever som diskuterar kring ett experiment med ett tydligt observerbart fenomen de precis fått se.

To integrate environmental concerns into non-environmental policy making has become an important policy objective within the European Union. This essay investigates policy instruments in use to achieve environmental policy integration in the EU's transport sector respectively fisheries sector. The point of departure is a theoretical discussion about governance and the use of different policy instruments for environmental management at the EU-level. The focal point is the Argumentation that regulatory policy instruments alone cannot achieve environmental policy integration satisfactory. By using Jordan et al's classification of so called "new" environmental policy instruments (market-based instruments, voluntary agreements and ecolabels) as complements to regulatory measures, the essay investigates whether the first-mentioned are used within the two sectors.

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe which messages and by which rhetorical means were communicated in political TV-advertisement in Finland and Sweden. The study also aims to analyze how the rhetorical choices were influenced by the political and social context in these countries.Material: Two TV-commercials from the latest parliamentary elections in each country were chosen. The leading left-wing and right-wing parties were chosen from each country.Theoretical perspective: This study is based on theories on political parties? vote maximization and the development of the modern electoral campaign.Methodology: The method used in this study is rhetorical analysis.Results: All commercials had similar themes and were characterized by a low level of conflict. This is related to the common Nordic context in the two countries.

This thesis aims to investigate how the interests of women are handled in political parties whose opinion programs are based on class interests. The essay constructs a theoretical framework, which shows that the descriptive representation of women is a prerequisite for their subjective interests being represented, however not a guarantee.By studying how the Social Democratic party deals with the demands from the Women's federation, the empirical material sheds light on the theoretical discussion. The study's methodological foundation consists of an ideology critical textual analysis, which focuses on the debate on the design of parental allowance that took place within the party during 2005. During the party's congress the women's federation advocated a proposition for increased individualization of the parental allowance, however the party did not accept it. The analysis confirms the theoretical Argumentation that descriptive representation is not a guarantee for the representation of women's interests.

The aim of this study is to investigate into the use of discussions in the classroom to help the pupils develop a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and operations. The empirical data contain interviews with two teachers and observations from their lessons. The purpose of the interviews was to find out what importance the teachers ascribed to the ability of their pupils to talk about mathematics, and how they organised their classes to encourage mathematical discussions. With the observations, I was able to see the interaction in the classroom and hear discussions between the teacher and the pupils, as well as between the pupils themselves.The interviewed teachers proved to share my own belief in the results of researchers like Malmer (1999) and Löwing (2006) about the importance of verbal discussion, Argumentation and reflection during mathematics classes. But convictions derived from the research of others are one thing, the practical application of the wisdom in the classroom another.

This paper is a case study on Bradley E. Manning, famous for leaking classified intelligence to media, or in the charge sheet?s words: ?knowingly give intelligence to the enemy, through indirect means.? My opinion is that this sort of dilemma is a question of values, how you view the world and, most important of all, human rights and the philosophy of rights. Therefore I decided to sort out the arguments regarding the issue of freedom of speech versus the state?s need for protection.