Sverige är indelat i kommuner och landsting, vilka på demokratin och den kommunala självstyrelsens grund sköter de angelägenheter som anges i kommunallagen. Dessa angelägenheter måste rymmas inom ramen för den kommunala kompetensen för att anses utgöra en kommu-nal angelägenhet. Denna uppsats har som syfte att undersöka denna kompetens och vilket rättsligt utrymme kommuner ges när de enligt 2 kap. 8 § 2 st. KL riktar individuellt stöd till enskilda näringsidkare.I uppsatsen används den traditionella rättsdogmatiska metoden.

This thesis raises the problem with acid mine drainage around the closed mine Finngruvan.The purpose of the investigation was to compare metal content in surface water in the areaand its catchments between year 2010 and 2003, also to make calculation of specific runoffand metal load, furthermore determine the recipients in the area. Surface water samplingwhere preformed at the same place as 2003 and also at a few other places of interest. Adigital elevation file were used in GIS to calculate the area of the watersheds in the region,observations in the field where also made. The collected data were used to make comparisons,calculations and conclusions. The result showed that the surface water 2010 had somewhatlower metal concentrations.

Inom verkstadsindustrin förekommer processer och aktiviteter som är resurskrävande. Det här examensarbetet är förankrat inom Scanias transmissionstillverkning. Fokus låg på arbetsmetodiken för problemlösning vid skärande bearbetning. Scanias nuvarande problemlösningsmetoder har förbättringspotential med avseende på orsaksidentifiering, orsaksprioritering, kunskapssamordning, dokumentering och sökbarhet av resultat. Projektet inleddes med en nulägesanalys på hur verksamheten fungerar.

AbstractThe purpose of my study is to examine how preschool children experience nature and how the educationalists at the preschool can make nature more exciting and support the children?s personal growth. I have also studied what the educationalists of the preschool do and what they can do to make nature more interesting and playful for the children. Observations and interviews have been conducted at a preschool in a small town. The preschool is situated close to nature, that is, close to a small forested area.

The goal with this master thesis has been to evaluate and to examine the stationary resistance bridge. The resistance bridge uses a 4-point measuring to determinate the resistance, which is used in the manufacturing of the conductor. It is then used when the resistance is to be decided for coarser aluminium conductors. A conductor has to fulfil certain demands to be able to move forward in the process. One of these demands is the resistance in ohm/km, which has demands that the measure values of the resistance bridge are as true and precise as possible.

This report was undertaken at the request of the Management and maintenance department of Swedish National Road Authority (Vägverket Region Sydöst) in Jönköping.In 1992, the management and maintenance of Swedish roads were laid out on external constructors. When putting out a tender for the work, the foundation is from a national set of rules which are in constant change. This report is limited to winter road upkeep.The trend in the invitation for tenders is that it is moving from the more conventional executional demands towards the less controlling demands. The downside of functional, less controlling demands is that it is difficult to articulate how to measure them. The order authority therefore has to find ways to make sure to get what has been paid for.In connection to the invitation for tender of winter road upkeep for 2005, the new set of rules, ATB Vinter 2003 was deployed.The main purpose of this thesis is to see which the big changes in the set of rules are and how these changes affect the organisation and activities of the constructor.It is also studied how the changes in execution is perceived by road users and how it affects the possibilities of the constructor to come as a newcomer to a new area of administration.Interviews and examination of sets of rules has led to a list of a number of changes that the constructors feel affect their work in any sense.Views from road users that have come in to the order authority have been scrutinized to see how they have experienced the change.

We have seen a revolution in the area of communication on a worldwide scale. We begin talking about terms as globalisation, integration and deregulation of the financial market. Companies have been tax planning for decades, the questions is if Internet has made an increase of companies than uses tax planning and which roll Internet plays. It is hard to really pinpoint all the effects of the Internet because of the relatively new area of research. This thesis will take various factors under study such as globalisation, development of the offshore industry and the fight against harmful taxation by the OECD and other organisations in order to describe the effects of Internet.

The purpose in this Bachelor degree project has been to create a visual identity and to design a compilation cassette for the small music distributor Kyrkvägen Kassett. My way of approaching the task has been to draw parallells between the cassette as an obsolete music format and more or less abandoned or anachronistic formats, materials and printing methods in the graphic design area. The result is a visual identity that is built upon materials and methods of production rather than specific visual elements. The work is to be seen as a tribute to the small non-profit producers of music and graphic design. As often done in the DIY movement, I chose to consider my lack of practical knowledge in these fields not as an encumbrance but as an asset and an incentive.

Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en djupare förståelse kring pedagogers arbete med språkutveckling och TAKK som metod. Vårt syfte är även att undersöka när och hur metoden används och i hur stor utsträckning detta sker. Vi använder oss av det sociokulturella perspektivet och av variationsteorin för att analysera vårt material. Studiens resultat är grundade på kvalitativa intervjuer tillsammans med en förskollärare, en barnskötare och en specialpedagog. Vår studie genomfördes i två olika städer i södra Skåne.

Andas är det första vi gör omedvetet, därför behöver vi inte lära oss andas. Från det första andetaget andas vi helt rätt. Senare i livet kan det gå snett i tekniken och då kan vi behöva medvetandegöra vår andning. I FMT-metoden (Funktionsinriktad musikterapi) finns redskap för att bearbeta andningen på ett effektivt och lustfyllt sätt.Lasse Hjelm (FMT-metodens grundare) betonar vikten av att andningen är inordnad i helhetsutvecklingen. För att nå optimal prestationsförmåga måste varje rörelse koordineras med andningen i en rytm.Syftet med detta examensarbete var att beskriva FMT-metoden samt göra en fördjupning i ämnet andning.

Do new, attractive neighborhoods meet the requirements of being socially sustainable? This essay is based on the potential conflicts between the pursuit of social sustainability, while the theory of the creative class influence city planning. Social sustainability is difficult to measure, but implies broadly that everyone should have equal rights and opportunities. A city or region that aims to attract a certain type of people by providing what they ask for, might pay less attention and spend less resources on the rest of the population. Socially sustainable - for whom? The new district Hyllie in southern Malmö stands in focus, and the paper seeks to identify how different operators in Malmö defines the concept of social sustainability, how it is implemented in the design of Hyllie, and if any potential conflicts may arise.Interviews with the following informants; representants from the Office for City Planning in Malmö, the nonprofit organization Sustainable Development Skåne, the Commission for a Socially Sustainable Malmö and the company Skanska Öresund have constituted the main methodology, among with reading and analyzing existing documents and policies relating to the development of Hyllie.

In the rate of changes condition of the market in shape of increasing competitiveness situation, local as global, this leads to that logistics has to be developed in the same rate. Logistics has been developed from the military and after the war, logistics was figurative to the companies transport- and store problems. After this, logistics had been divided up into four different time phases (the seventies to the 21:th century). All these time phases have together develop the spectacle and focus of the logistics today. Afterward further developing of the logistics approach to Supply Chain Management (SCM) and afterward SCM, Demand Chain Management (DCM) was developed in aim to secure that the right products were manufactured on the basis of the end customers real requirement and wishes.This paper is taking the aim and problem formulation as a starting point.

LTG- metodens betydelse -Sex lärares syn på sitt arbete med läs- och skrivutveckling i skolår 1, ur ett LTG- perspektiv Angela Ekström och Åsa Gustavsson Vi har gjort en kvalitativ undersökning där datainsamling har skett genom intervjuer. Problemområdet har varit att ta reda på hur sex lärare ser på sitt arbete med läs- och skrivutveckling i skolår 1, ur ett LTG- perspektiv (läsning på talets grund). Vi tycker att det finns outforskade luckor inom läs- och skrivutvecklingsområdet, gällande lärarperspektivet. Enligt vår mening har lärare blivit bortglömda då koncentrationen mest riktats på eleverna. Med denna undersökning vill vi bidra till kunskapsutveckling när det gäller blivande lärares kompetens inom läs- och skrivutveckling.

The aim of this Master?s thesis is to examine and understand how teachers of younger children view the concept of critical evaluation of information and how their interpretations of the concept relate to their teaching. The need for the development of children?s ability to critically evaluate has been emphasized through research as well as the need for collaboration between teachers and librarians in order to help pupil?s process information into knowledgeThe study has a socio-cultural perspective and the material was collected through observations and qualitative interviews with teachers. The results of the study indicate that many teachers experience uncertainty when it comes to the area of critical evaluation and that they do not teach the subject to any substantial extent.

Background: Knowledge management is a concept that is considered of increasing importance in the developing knowledge society. Previous research in the area has to a large extent been based on large multinational companies. Purpose: The thesis aims to clarify how middle-sized Swedish management consultancy companies work with knowledge management. The thesis intends to use existing theories about knowledge management to explain the effect of size and area of operation on management consultancy companies? knowledge management.