The increasing significance of social economy as a concept is linked to general global processes such as the crisis of the welfare state, neoliberal globalization, anti-bureaucracy tendencies and decentralization, but also to a growing political interest in human rights and social development. In Sweden the idea of the social economy generates wide support within civil society as well as within the government and across party political boundaries. Furthermore, what is problematic in this context is the fact that the discussions on the subject tend to be relatively uncritical and often it seems as if though the expansion itself is the main objective. The emphasis on cooperation and the third sector in terms of welfare production implies a set of risks in relation to state responsibility, democracy and the autonomy of civil society. This paper aims to explore those risks and how they can be dealt with within the Swedish context..

The thesis demonstrates protection solutions that can be suitable for a camp during internationalmissions in order to resist complex threats. The threats could consist of small arms, machineguns,RPG 7, anti armour missiles, mortar, artillery, HPM-weapons, car bombs, biological and chemicalweapons as well as sabotage and theft. It?s not the technology itself that makes the threat scenariocomplex it?s the way the opponent acts during the operations. The opponent acts usually incivilian clothes and therefore he is difficult to distinguish from other civilians.

This essay is about a debate concerning the magazine Axess, feminism and antifeminism - in relation to a issue of Axess called To a new feminism. The theoretical foundation of this essay is Pierre Bourdieu and his field theories. The battles taking place in this particular field concerns the positioning of feminism and antifeminism in the way we culturally interpret these in our society. The essay shows that the magazine Axess (at least in the first edition of 2012) links feminism with a very prominent symbolic capital in a culture context. This discussion can at times seem confusing, and this is probably due to the fact that Bourdieus symbolic capital can be a very abstract concept. The journalist and author Maria Sveland writes about the development of a culture moving towards accepting antifeminism (and also xenophobia). She expresses the opinion that this, to a high degree, is due to actors in the culture domain with a big amount of trust in the public eye has moved towards expressing anti-feministic (and xenophobic) views.

Uppsatsen undersöker den svenska diskurs som präglar talet om flexicurity. Fråge-ställningar för studien rör (1) vilka normativa grundmönster som kan utläsas i de olika texterna, (2) på vilket sätt dessa normativa grundmönster bidrar till att konstituera den svenska diskursen om flexicurity och (3) på vilket sätt diskursen om flexicurity kan relateras till samhällsutvecklingen.Frågeställningarna besvaras genom en normvetenskaplig analys av texter som behandlar flexicurity från Europeiska kommissionen, svenska riksdagspartier och den svenska arbetsmarknadens parter. Undersökningen tar sin utgångspunkt i rättsvetenskapliga och rättssociologiska teorier om normativa grundmönster och samhällsutveckling. I studien används en diskursanalytisk metod, inspirerad av Michel Foucault samt Ernesto Laclau och Chantal Mouffes diskursteori. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkter hämtas i huvudsak från Anna Christensens teori om normativa fält och Hålan Hydéns norvetenskapliga teori samt hans teori om samhälls-utveckling.

EU-kommissionen har beslutat att Europas byggnadsbestånds energianvändning ska minimeras. Varje medlemsland har fått i uppdrag att definiera ett nationellt gränsvärde för vad som ska kallas för nära-nollenergibyggnader och gränsvärdessättningen skall vara klar år 2020. Myndigheterna Boverket och Energimyndigheten samt andra involverade aktörer är inte överens om vilken gränssättning som ska gälla för Sverige. Syftet för studien var därmed att undersöka vad dessa motsättningar beror på. Genom ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt, där offentliga handlingar kring beslutsprocessen studerades, identifierades de involverade aktörer och deras egenskaper genom en nätverksteoretisk grund.

Under de senaste decennierna har revisionsmarknadsstrukturen genomgått stora förändringar till följd av de samgåenden och skandaler som ägt rum. Antalet stora revisionsbyråer har minskat och de kvarvarande dominerar alltmer såväl nationellt som internationellt. Efter finanskrisen som bröt ut år 2008 har Europeiska kommissionen publicerat en grönbok om revisionspolitik. I denna lyfts bland annat marknadskoncentrationen upp som ett problem. I samband med detta har vi genomfört en studie med följande problemformulering: Hur upplever revisorer på svenska medelstora revisionsbyråer den svenska marknaden för börsbolagsrevision? Studien fokuserar på fyra områden, dessa är: historisk bakgrund, den svenska marknaden för börsbolagsrevision, inträdesbarriärer och åtgärder.

This essay is about a debate concerning the magazine Axess, feminism and antifeminism - in relation to a issue of Axess called To a new feminism. The theoretical foundation of this essay is Pierre Bourdieu and his field theories. The battles taking place in this particular field concerns the positioning of feminism and antifeminism in the way we culturally interpret these in our society. The essay shows that the magazine Axess (at least in the first edition of 2012) links feminism with a very prominent symbolic capital in a culture context. This discussion can at times seem confusing, and this is probably due to the fact that Bourdieus symbolic capital can be a very abstract concept. The journalist and author Maria Sveland writes about the development of a culture moving towards accepting antifeminism (and also xenophobia). She expresses the opinion that this, to a high degree, is due to actors in the culture domain with a big amount of trust in the public eye has moved towards expressing anti-feministic (and xenophobic) views.

This paper aims to present a theoretical understanding of the emergence of extreme right- wing populist parties (ERP), and more specifically the electoral breakthrough of the ERP party, Sverigedemokraterna in the municipality of Karlskrona. By doing so the study is constructed as a theoretical framework, where the empirical material and the theoretical aspects are interwoven. This means that the theoretical framework also functions as an analytical part. The paper shows how Sverigedemokraterna could be understood as an ERP party, based on e.g its populist anti-establishment critique, and its critique towards the ?immigrant issue?.

Sociala medier är idag, framförallt i Sverige, ett utbrett sätt att kommunicera såväl det privata livet som den egna världsbilden. Allt vanligare blir det att på dessa medier diskutera politik och länka artiklar, bilder samt filmer för att stärka sina politiska åsikter. Studiens syfte är att jämföra om den politiska diskursen skiljer sig mellan s.k. face to face-situation samt på sociala medier, i detta fall Twitter. Med hjälp av intervjuer samt textanalys av twitterflöden har denna undersökning sökt få ökade kunskaper med hänsyn till diskursteorier byggda på en socialkonstruktionistisk syn med anti-essentialistiska inslag.

The purpose of this essay is to study the film culture in South Africa in a national cinema-context, focusing on the relationship between anti-apartheid film from 1974-1994 and the film in South Africa today. By pitching the South Africa-specific works of Lucia Saks and Jacqueline Maingard against the over-arching debate on national cinema as formulated by, amongst others, Stephen Crofts and Andrew Higson, this study aims to find whether or not a specific South African national cinema have existed, and exists today, or not. The study finds that an underground culture of documentaries and short films made by and for the black population has been in place since the apartheid, and the distribution method on video and television is still being used to reach the black population today. By re-examining the concepts of both the national, and of national cinema to also include film on video and television, the study shows that South Africa has indeed a film culture that can be called a national cinema..

Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

My thesis is a study of how the perception of booktalk aimed at kids and youngsters in the Swedish educational system has changed between 1932 and 2007. A discursive reading of articles in the magazine Biblioteksbladet provides the basis for my investigation. The thesis argues that an older "authoritaritan" and "traditional" discourse has given way for a more modern, "anti-authoritaritan" and "lust"-directed discourse. The older discourse was designed to make sure that young people were provided with a certain well-defined quantity of "approved" literature. The new discourse stresses the importance of fostering kids and youngsters with a positive and enthusiastic attitude towards reading in general.

How affected are the sugar production in Mozambique and Tanzania by EU sugar regime? What does the EU sugar reform constitute in these countries?Using theories regarding free trade and anti-free trade, I am able to answer these questions. The aim of this paper is to study how the various sugar agreements with EU affect the sugar production in Mozambique and Tanzania. Therefore I am using a method called a most similar system design in this comparative case study. The conclusion is that the EU sugar regime is the main reason to how the sugar productions in developing countries are.

Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

In this study, 29 calves were dehorned by heat cauterisation at the age of 1 to 8 weeks. Before the procedure, the calves were given local anaesthetic but were not sedated. In connection with the dehorning, 14 calves were given the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) meloxicam and 15 calves were given placebo. During the following three days behavioural studies were performed to investigate if the different treatments had any effect on the calves´ postoperative behaviour. Head shakes, head rubs, kicks and ear flicks were studied, as earlier studies have shown that an increase in these behavioural patterns suggests postoperative pain.