The purpose of this study has been to create a better understading of how face?to?face activities in course´s impacts on the experience of interaction within a course.More specifically, the study puts the student'?s perception of how mandatory face?to?face activities affect and are affected by the interaction in focus. This is done by the following research questions. What affects the student'?s perception of face?to?face activities? Which interaction dimension affects the factors that influence students perception of the activities? Which interaction dimension is influenced by the student'?s perception of the activities?The theoretical base is Wagner'?s (1994) three types of interaction and Andersson´s(2003) theory of interaction dimensions.

The concerning issue of declining number of hunters in North America is also apparent in Europe and Sweden. When the bulk of research found on human dimensions and hunting participation has almost exclusively been done in the United States, this report seeks to add to the needed knowledge on a national level focusing on the causes of hunter declines related to social factors within Sweden. Using hunter data reaching from commune, county to National level, this report describes the correlation between a number of variables and the hunting participation in Sweden.The typical Swedish hunter lives in an area with low population density, the person usually has higher education, the living situation is stable with no recent moving and there is relatively good access to forest land. Persons with weaker connection to the Swedish culture such as foreign citizens, people with foreign background and people born outside ?the Nordic countries? are less likely to start hunt or participate in hunting.A strong relationship was found between the favorite game, moose (Alces alces), and the amount of hunters participating in the hunting.

The Swedish Government has set a target to reduce energy consumption through energy efficiency within the construction and real estate sector. The purpose of the study is to examine how energy efficiency within this sector could affect the district heating volume in the future, on basis of Vattenfalls district heating system in Uppsala.An Excel model has been created to study how energy effficiency measures affects district heating demand in buildings by 2045, based on technical and economicalconditions. Furthermore, an interview study has been conducted to examine incentives for district heating customers to invest in energy efficiency measures.Result of the Excel model shows that the district heating volume of Vattenfall in 2045 is expected to 931 GWh, which corresponds to a volume decrease of 10,6 %. Based on the study?s theoretical framework only 15 %, 1 024 GWh, of the technical-economical potential is assumed to be implemented.

Early extubation of cardiac surgery patients has become increasingly important. The assessment of the patient before an early extubation is crucial and the intensive care nurses (ICU nurses) in this estimation is there for very important.The aim of this study was to examine critical care nurses' knowledge of early extubation, and what view ICU nurse has about factors that affect the time to extubation of cardiac surgery patients.A quantitative approach with descriptive and comparative design was used. Selection was all ICU nurses at a thoracic intensive care unit who were clinically active in patient care.The study showed that ICU nurses had good knowledge of why an early extubation was essential. However, the knowledge about the unit?s extubation criteria was low.

The requirements for operative planning activities are increasing. The forest industry wants to gain better control over wood flow. A felling that is more market adjusted is desirable. However, this causes problems in the operative planning process because of the data collection methods used today. Data about timber assortments and data about the distribution of the tree diameter, etc., are often lacking. Airborne laser scanning is used to a greater extent than before for estimation of forest variables and should perhaps be used to the same extent in operative planning activities as well.

The Multispectral Canopy Reflectance Model (MCRM) by Kuusk (1995) has beenused to simulate the reflectance of a sugarbeet canopy. The simulated reflectancevalues show high absorptance in the VIS area, compared to field measurements, andhigh reflectance values in the NIR area. The errors may be due to overestimation ofclorophyll content in the sugarbeet leaves and scattered light during fieldmeasurements. The estimation of the clorophyll content where carried out using thePROSPECT-model by Jacquemoud & Baret (1990).During the vegetation period, the state of the canopy moves towards a closed canopy,with sparse vegetation in spring. The MCRM-model was used to perform a ?spring?simulation, which was compared to the original simulation.

Denna uppsats undersöker om användandet av stark hjälpinformation kan ge ökad precision i skattningarna i undersökningen Lastbilstrafik ? Inrikes och utrikes trafik med svenska lastbilar som utges av Trafikanalys. Förutom att en ökad precision är önskvärd i sig, kan det också möjliggöra ett minskat urval. Detta innebär i sin tur att uppgiftslämnarbördan minskas.Tre parametrar undersöks: totalt antal körda kilometer, total lastad godsmängd och totalt transportarbete. För dessa finns precisionskravet att för den skattade årstotalen får den relativa osäkerhetsmarginalen vara högst fem procent (den relativa osäkerhetsmarginalen definieras som halva konfidensintervallets längd dividerat med punktskattningen).

By applying a segmentation procedure to two different sets of computed tomography scans, two geometrical models of the abdominal aorta, containing one inlet and two outlets have been constructed. One of these depicts a healthy blood vessel while the other displays one afflicted with a Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. After inputting these geometries into the computational dynamics software FLUENT, six simulations of laminar, stationary flow of a fluid that was assumed to be Newtonian were performed. The mass flow rate across the model outlet boundaries was varied for the different simulations to produce a basis for a parameter analysis study. The segmentation data was also used as input data to a surface description procedure which produced not only the surface itself, but also the first and second directional derivatives in every one of its defining spatial data points.

A third party access to district heating networks has been proposed in Sweden, to increase the competition on the district heating market. Such third party access could create opportunities for the agricultural sector as an energy producer. This study describes the technical, economical and environmental prerequisites for a farmer cluster to build and run a heating plant, fueled with local wood fuel. The heating plant in the described scenario is 8 MW and will supply a village of 1000 houses, and is fueled with wood chips exclusively. Supplying a heating plant with fuel puts high demands on the logistics, since there need to be a continuous flow of fuel. In the scenario, wood residues from felling and thinning is stored in stacks in the forest, and a few times a year chipped and transported to a storage area at the heating plant. In the study, an estimation of the profitability has been made by estimating the cost of the investment, personnel, operating and maintenance costs and costs for the fuel and ash handling.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka faktorer två akademiska studentgrupper ? blivande socionomer och civilingenjörer ? värdesätter hos en potentiell arbetsgivare samt utreda om det föreligger skillnader i värdesättning av dessa faktorer utifrån utbildningstillhörighet. Syftet är även att undersöka hur kvinnor och män värdesätter dessa faktorer.skning Om en organisation har kunskap om vilka arbetsgivarfaktorer potentiella medarbetare finner attraktiva finns större chans att det strategiska arbetet med Employer Branding når framgång (Moroko& Uncles, 2008). Både privat och offentlig sektor arbetar idag för att bli ett attraktiv arbetsgivare (Parment, Wetterberg & Myrén,2009) De individer som nu gör entré på dagens arbetsmarknad tillhör Generation Y (Parment, 2008). En förutsättning för att bli en attraktiv arbetsgivare är att organisationen har kunskap om vad som attraherar unga (Franzon & Lundgren, 2003).I studien användes webb- och postenkät som tillvägagångssätt för insamling av datamaterial.

Att tidsperceptionen är påverkbar har tidigare påvisats. Studien syftar till att undersöka huruvida tidsperceptionen påverkar fartperceptionen, med hypotesen att när interna taktgivaren går snabbare uppfattas farten som lägre. 28 försöksdeltagare fick under fyra betingelser (Lugn, Stressig, Egen musik och Tyst) utföra tids- och fartestimationer under bilfärd. Inga signifikanta resultat påvisades ifråga om vare sig tidsperceptionen eller dess inverkan på fartperceptionen. Däremot skilde sig prospektiv estimation av medelfart åt beroende på betingelsen.

The underlying purpose of this study is to see whether a library focused solely on providing literature in other languages than Swedish serves as a unifying, integrating force, or as an agent for division and exclusion. The study focuses on the International Library in Stockholm. The authors have created a profile of the visitors of the selected library, concerning their characteristics, their library habits and their perceptions of the International library. This profile has then been compared with the staff?s perception of the visitors as a group.

Zoo animals can be more or less disturbed by the presence of care takers as well as visitors. This may lead to stress and/or abnormal behaviour. The purpose with this study was to give a time budget of the behaviour of the captive wolves? (Canis lupus) and occurrence of behavioural disturbances and how this is affected of human visitors. For this purpose the wolves at Nordens Ark have been studied during off season as well as on season. The zoo Nordens Ark is an idealistic foundation which was founded in 1988 and is located at Åby säteri, 130 km north of Gothenburg.

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Alpha-linolenic acid from flaxseed oil and effects on blood pressure ? A systematic reviewAuthor: Christine Hårdfelt och Liduina van SitterenSupervisor: Helen LindqvistExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: April 9th, 2014Background: High blood pressure is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke. ALA-fatty acids have previously been associated with decreased blood pressure. Flaxseed oil is very rich in these fatty acids and has also been highlighted as an affordable and sustainable source.Objective: To investigate whether ALA-fatty acids from flaxseed oil may affect blood pressure in people with high risk for cardiovascular disease.Search strategy: Two searches in PubMed and Scopus were performed. The sample was specified by using specific keywords.Selection criteria: The criteria for inclusion of studies required that flaxseed oil was compared with a control and that blood pressure was measured as an endpoint.

Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka samband mellan hur universitetsstudenter skattar sin fysiska aktivitetsnivå och hur de registrerar aktivitetsnivå med hjälp av dagbok samt att se om de kom upp i ACSM (American College of Sport Medicine) och WHO´s (World Health Organisation) rekommendationer.Metod: Studien hade en icke experimentell, deskriptiv och korrelerande design där 26 försökspersoner, två män och 24 kvinnor, rekryterades via anslag. De fick först svara på en enkät och därefter registrera sin aktivitet via en 7-dagars aktivitetsdagbok.Resultat: Studenterna ansåg inte att de hade en stillasittande livsstil och alla deltagare utom en ansåg sig komma upp till ACSM´s rekommendationer av fysisk aktivitet 30 minuter per dag av måttlig intensitet alla dagar i veckan. Trettiofem procent kom inte upp i WHO´s rekommendationer och av dessa överskattade 67% sin fysiska aktivitetsnivå. Sextiofem procent kom inte upp i ACSM´s rekommendationer och av dessa överskattade 94% sin aktivitetsnivå.Konklusion: Studenterna hade en låg fysisk aktivitetsnivå utifrån ACSM´s rekommendationer och majoriteten av de som inte levde upp till WHO och ACSM rekommendationer överskattade sin fysiska aktivitetsnivå. Det krävs dock mer omfattande studier för att dra några generella slutsatser då denna studie hade en skev könsfördelning och ett lågt antal deltagare.Keywords: Self-estimation, Perception, Activity diary, Physical Activity level, Overestimation. .