This study is based on an observation of one of the biggest webcommunitys in Sweden today, called Lunarstorm. My main purpose was to research how young people use this media for talking about drug and Alcohol-related subjects. The questions I posed were the following:- In which way do young people talk about drugs and Alcohol on Lunarstorm?- What possibilities does Lunarstorm create for these questions?- How do the users relate to each other, regarding support for relatives to drug or Alcohol-abusers or own substance use?My method of collecting empirical data consisted of observation of the forum, and my method for analyzing the data was based on a discourse- analysis. Trough this I found that the media creates a way for young people to meet others with similar problems, both grown-ups and people of the same age.

Bakgrund: Enligt Statens Folkhälsoinstitut, i barnmorskors guide för samtal om alkohol, redogörs för hur barnmorskor skall informera alkoholens skadliga effekter samt vilka eventuella skador alkoholen kan ge fostret. Tidigare forskning visar att det inte är ovanligt att kvinnor dricker alkohol fram tills att de blir medvetna om sin graviditet, därefter avstår det stora flertalet helt från alkohol under fortsatt graviditet. Vetskapen för den gravida kvinnan om att hon intagit alkohol innan hon var medveten om sin graviditet kan orsaka oro att barnet blivit skadat. Syfte: Syfte med studien var att beskriva barnmorskors professionella handläggning kring alkoholinformation under graviditet. Metod: Studien bygger på fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med barnmorskor som arbetar inom mödravården.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Swedish Institute of public health care uses paternalistic information in their Alcohol publications. My intention has also been to examine to what extent the paternalistic information is being used. This is determined simply by how frequently paternalistic information is found in the publications. I chose to analyse five publications that contain Alcohol related information and had a clear motive. My results show that all five publications use paternalistic methods with the intention to change readers, or people in their surroundings, Alcoholic behaviour. Though this is quite a small essay, I have suggested extended research of the subject ? preferably of all 176 Alcoholic publications presented by the Institute of public health care..

Clostridium difficile is a pathogen for both humans and animals and is often associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Recently, several human cases of C. difficile-infection with increased mortality and morbidity have been reported. In studies performed in different countries C. difficile has been found in meat.

Background: The district nurses profession has traditionally been health promotion. In order to find patients with excessive Alcohol intake, district nurses use AUDIT. Research shows that health professionals find it difficult to face Alcohol abusers in primary care. AIM: The aim is to describe how district nurses work with AUDIT. Method: Semi-structured interviews with six informants were carried out.

The aim of this study was to gain an understanding about how people with a former Alcohol abuse expresses and gives meaning to feelings of guilt and shame in autobiographical books. In particular the purpose of the study was to find out how the authors writes about feelings of guilt and shame, whether it was expressed explicitly or implicitly, and which meaning the authors gives to feelings of guilt and shame and how these feelings are related to each other. We randomly selected 8 autobiographical books by using different criterias. The foundation of this study was social constructionism, which is also a foundation for one of our analysis methods: discourse analyse. This analysis method was used for the analysis of the expressions that were made in an explicit way.

How the Eucharist?s motive of communion in combination with Lögstrup?s ethics could motivate a non-Alcoholic sacramental wine in the Church of Sweden.The purpose of this essay is to illuminate the meeting between the person who gives out bread and wine in the Eucharist and the person who receives the wine, from tree perspectives: the communion in the Eucharist, the ethical demand of K.E. Lögstrup, and today?s knowledge of Alcohol and it?s negative effects on the human being. I want to study how these three perspectives can affect the interpersonal meeting in the Eucharist when it comes to giving out Alcoholic wine, and to investigate if Lögstrups ethical demand could be used by the Church of Sweden when to decide about a sacramental wine with or without Alcohol.I have started to study K.E Lögstrup and his theory about the ethical demand, and then researched the Eucharist in the Church of Sweden and the results of recent sociological and medical research of Alcohol?s effect on the individual and on society.

The use of Alcohol, narcotics, and tobacco have all long been considered health hazards, especially among children and teenagers. It is therefor not surprising to find that schools have promoted against the use of these substances in different preventative programs for many decades, and the Swedish school system is no exception. However, the use of, as well as the laws restricting Alcohol, narcotics, and tobacco are, and have historically been, highly political issues. Individuals, groups, institutions, and states may all have different opinions on how these substances should be regulated and of their place in society, which in turn may lead to conflicts of values and different approaches. One can not expect parents or guardians to share the views on Alcohol, narcotics, and tobacco policy presented by schools, laws or state regulations.

The purpose of our essay is to describe and analyse the experience of adults growing up with Alcohol abusing parents and how their adult lives have been affected by this. The essay consists of both theoretical and empirical studies and we have used a qualitative method. We used a semi structured interview where we interviewed eight persons. We used symbolic interaction to analyse the collected data. The result is to a large extent consistent with previous research.

This masters degree is a study of factors of success in a drug preventions work of change and model or method which could facilitate this work. The target group, which is in focus in this survey, is Alcohol- and drug coordinators, also called prevention coordinators who?s main task is to develop and coordinate the preventive work in the Alcohol and drugs area. My method of investigation is a combination of literature studies and a quantitative poll study with the target group, Alcohol and drug presenters?, in Sweden.

Introduction. Infection Prevention is one of the surgical nurses' main responsibilities. One of the steps which patients undergo in this purpose before surgery is the preoperative skin desinfektion. Background. The patient washes the day before surgery with Descutan cutaneous sponge 4 %, a sponge containing chlorhexidine.

A system for sampling of Alcohol and aldehyde from diluted exhaust gases from vehicles powered by ethanol has been developed and tested. The major part of the work has been research of earlier work in the field and the construction of the sampling system.The part of the system constructed for the measurement of Alcohol has been shown to work, however, more test should be performed. The part of the system constructed for the measurement of aldehyde was tested parallel to a commercially available system, based on the same principle of measurement, and has been shown to work well.Determination of the concentration of gaseous ethanol using a FID has shown the since earlier known fact that a FID is not able to measure a correct concentration of ethanol. Furthermore it has been shown that high concentrations of gaseous ethanol can not be kept in a bag more than a few minutes without a substantial decrease of the measured concentration..

The study's main purpose was to qualitatively investigate adult children's experiences of growing up in a family with parental abuse of Alcohol and drugs, and how their childhood has influenced/influence life in adult age. In this interview study, four respondents in the age be-tween 25-60 years have participated. Social learning theory, attachment theory and risk and protective factors have been used as a theoretical frame.Overall, we can conclude that the study's respondents have, more or less, been adversely affected by the parent?s misuse of Alcohol during their childhood. Despite these negative fac-tors, most respondents nevertheless received a functional living.

The aim of this study was to examine if biological early maturing girls and girls that percieved that boys treated them as older than they actually where drank more Alcohol, were more delinquent, had more romantic relationships and sexual intercourse. Our data was collected from seven schools in Sweden. Significant relationships where found between early maturation and all four dependent variables. Significant relationships could also bee seen between how girls perceived that boys treated them and Alcohol use, romantic relationships and sexual intercourse. For two of our dependent measures we found week interaction effects, for girls biological maturation and there perception of how boys treated them according to there age.

Bakgrund: Alkoholberoende är en medicinsk diagnos som skiljer sig från risk- samt skadligt bruk. Beroende utvecklas i samspel med belöningssystemet och har en ärftlig komponent. Personer med alkoholberoende är en stigmatiserad grupp i samhället såväl som i sjukvården, och diagnosen innebär ett stort lidande för den enskilde personen. Därför är det viktigt att belysa personernas egna erfarenheter av vårdrelationer.Syfte: Att belysa erfarenheter av vårdrelationer hos personer med alkoholberoende.Metod: Litteraturstudie med sökorden Alcohol dependence, care, patient experiences. Alcohol addiction, phenomenological, Alcohol, treatment barriers, patient satisfaction, nursing, experiences och qualitative.