Sjuksköterskeutbildningen har sedan dess start i mitten av 1800-talet utvecklats från att ha varit en rent praktiskt inriktad yrkesutbildning till en mer teoretiskt inriktad högskoleutbildning. Denna utveckling har fortsatt vilket innebär att klyftan mellan teori och praktik har ökat ytterligare.Mot denna bakgrund är syftet med uppsatsen att undersöka vilka krav på lärande den nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskan upplever i den situation hon står inför, när hon med en huvudsaklig teoretisk utbildning möter den kliniska praktiken, samt att analysera hur sjuksköterskorna kan stödjas i att hantera situationen. Utifrån vårt syfte har vi valt att utföra en empirisk undersökning, där vi har intervjuat sju sjuksköterskor från Helsingborgs lasarett. Den kvalitativa ansatsen föll naturligt då vi sökte en djupare förståelse för sjuksköterskorna och deras situation.I vår undersökning kommer vi fram till att det är svårt för nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor att ta sig an de krav på kompetens som yrket ställer. För att klara av situationen behöver de stöd och handledning både från Helsingborgs lasarett och från arbetskamraterna.

What Places Adolescents and Adults, Respectively, in Need of Social Assistance? A Qualitative Study of How Social Workers Whom Administrate Financial Assistance for Adolescents and Adults, Respectively, Describe Reasons Behind the Need of Social Assistance Amongst Their ClientsThe purpose of this essay was to study and compare how social workers whom administrate social assistance for adolescents and adults, respectively, describe reasons behind the need of social assistance amongst their clients. This was done due to the use of qualitative interviews with a total of six social workers. Of these six, three administrated social assistance for adolescents while the other three did the same for adults. Prior research of poverty attribution greatly inspired this essay.

Vår yrkesmässiga erfarenhet som hälsopedagoger har fått oss intresserade av att undersöka den pedagogiska aspekten av det lärande som rehabiliteringsdeltagare gör som hälsobefrämjande aktivitet i samband med en arbetslivsinriktad rygg- och nackrehabilitering vid Svenska Rygginstitutet AB. Syftet med studien är att undersöka om och i så fall på vilket sätt en arbetslivsinriktad rygg- och nackrehabilitering bidrar till deltagarens lärande, insikter och befrämjande av hälsa. Fyra deltagare som genomgått en sådan rehabilitering intervjuades. Intervjuerna spelades in och transkriberades för vidare analys utifrån kvalitativ narrativ metod. Undersökningens resultat visar att upplägg där aktivt lärande betonas och informationsförmedling samt reflektion varvas med att praktiskt få prova på och erfara, gör förvärvande av såväl nya insikter och kunskaper som ökad förståelse möjligt och tillgängligt.

In Uganda, small scale pig production plays a major role for households to earn a living and to secure their access to meat. Piglet mortality due to diar-rhoea-related dieseases is high. In an attempt to understand the underlying causes for this high mortality this study aims to investigate the role of trans-missible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and is a part of a larger project con-ducted at Makerere university in Uganda. A complicating factor in this investigation is the porcine respiratory corona-virus (PRCV), a stabile mutant form of the TGE virus. The occurrence of this virus had shown to alter the impact of TGEV in e.g. Europe and North Amer-ica.

Trots att skolan har lärande som sitt gebit vet man inte särskilt mycket om förutsättningarna för dess organisatoriska lärande, vilket anses nödvändigt för en organisations utveckling. Jag har därför valt att undersöka och identifiera de faktorer som är rimliga att anta att man kan applicera på skolans verksamhet - trots att den som organisation skiljer sig från vinstdrivande företag genom exempelvis begränsade ekonomiska resurser och komplexa organisationsstruktur. Den metod jag har valt är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie och i min teorigenomgång beskriver och förklarar jag begreppen organisation, lärande på individ- och gruppnivå samt lärande organisation. Därefter redogör jag, utifrån ett systemteoretiskt perspektiv, hur en lärande organisation kan uppnås. I min analys diskuterar jag sedan hur dessa förutsättningar kan uppnås i skolan utifrån områdena kultur, organisatoriska förutsättningar såsom struktur, gruppsammansättningar och ledarskap, samt kommunikation och reflektion.

In this study bone material from six stone ship settings and a total of seven deposits of bones from two sites on the island of Gotland have been analyzed. Four ship settings from the burial site at Gålrum in Alskog parish and two from Tängelgårda in Lärbro parish. The ships contained both cremated remains and inhumations.  Human remains were identified in five of the analyzed ship settings and a minimum of six individuals was identified in total.  Animals were found in three of the ship settings, where one of them contained only the burned remains of a dog. Two of the ships contained inhumations, one in Gålrum and one in Tängelgårda.

According to reports from the department of education the majority of school children consider school as a place for happiness, security and development. However, one of ten children experience cruelty and abuse on a daily basis and research shows that children are more often violated by their teachers rather than their peers. In year 2006 legislature decided that school children needed to be protected from the harmful abuse and bullying from other children as well as their teachers. Despite the law approximately 50 000 children are the victims of adult abuse in school every year. Meanwhile science also proves that teachers dare not, for different reasons, confront colleagues when witnessing violations of children.

According to reports from the department of education the majority of school children consider school as a place for happiness, security and development. However, one of ten children experience cruelty and abuse on a daily basis and research shows that children are more often violated by their teachers rather than their peers. In year 2006 legislature decided that school children needed to be protected from the harmful abuse and bullying from other children as well as their teachers. Despite the law approximately 50 000 children are the victims of adult abuse in school every year. Meanwhile science also proves that teachers dare not, for different reasons, confront colleagues when witnessing violations of children.

The purpose of this two years master thesis is to examine the potential benefits of using bibliotherapy on elderly Finnish immigrants residing in Sweden and living in geriatric care. The basis of the study is a four week long bibliotherapeutic project implemented at a nursing home for Finnish-speaking people in Stockholm County.Participants were men and women spanning in age from 70 to 90 years old. Common for all the participants was that they had lived their entire adult life in Sweden, their only language was Finnish, and they had the diagnosis of dementia. The study examines the bibliotherapeutic model of Arleen McCarty Hynes and Mary Hynes-Berry, as well as Inger Eriksson?s approach for the use of bibliotherapy in nursing homes and hospices.The empirical analysis is based on field notes from the bibliotherapeutic sessions and from interviews with librarians and nurses involved in the project.

?Childs pedagogic material ? A qualitative study of child?s use of pedagogic materials available at five nursery schools and about their teachers thoughts about the display of the pedagogic material?In the nursery preschool the environment and the educational materials have always had a central place. That's why it has been chosen to study and observe five preschools and interview sex teachers, in an attempt to understand the teachers thought about the choice of material and the choices of material that the children used. The reason I do this is to see what the underlying idea about the materials the children use is, and why educators choose to make certain materials visible. The purpose of this study is to examine the educational materials that are used to stimulate children´s learning and examine what determines the choice of educational materials.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the lunchtime from a language development perspective. It will compare two preschools with different ways of organizing mealtimes and observe the conversations between teachers and children. It will also study the ways in which a meal is served and how it affects the conversations. In one of the preschools the children eat in a proper dining room where the food is served as a buffet while in the other preschool the children eat in the preschoolarea and the food is served in bowls on the tables. I also want to investigate how two of these preschool teachers reflect on the mealtimes as part of the language development plan.

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to increase the knowledge of which strategies students with reading and writing disabilities or dyslexia use to learn in secondary school. The study aims to examine the following questions:Which coping strategies do students with reading and writing disabilities use in their studies?How can remedial teachers support students with reading and writing disabilities in their learning process?The study consists of two interviews with a total of three hours recorded material made with a secondary school teacher who teaches Swedish and English. The teacher has experiences of reading and writing disabilities herself but also from teaching students with dyslexia. The interviews are constructed into a lifestory describing experiences of reading and writing disabilities in school, during teacher training and as a teacher.

The purpose of this paper was to examine how clients on the unit for adults at Södemalms district administration (Stockholm, Sweden) with severe mental illness and substance abuse differs from other clients with substance abuse at the baseline and at follow-up one year later. We have used a quantitative method and analyzed material from ASI-interviews performed at the adult drug abuse unit at Södermalm during the time period 2002-2010. At the baseline the clients with substance abuse and co-occurring severe mental illness have more problems than other clients, primarily in the area of mental health. They spend more time alone and are more likely to engage in illegal activities. Interviewers assess their situation as more serious and that they need more help in all of ASI's areas of life than other clients.

Bakgrund: Fysiskt trauma orsakas ofta av en oväntad händelse med yttre våld som kan påverka flera organsystem med risk för dödsfall. Höga krav ställs på sjuksköterskans kompetens i omhändertagandet av personer med livshotande tillstånd då händelsen skapar rädsla men även då flera komplexa aktiviteter pågår samtidigt för att rädda kroppsfunktioner. Omhändertagandet kräver att sjuksköterskan arbetar utifrån både omvårdnadens sakaspekt och relationaspekt. Syfte: Att beskriva vårdsökande personers erfarenhet av omvårdnad vid trauma. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med induktiv kvalitativ ansats.

Introduction: Sleep is necessary for human survival. Difficulty sleeping occurs in about one in four adult person in Sweden, insomnia in every ten. There are several reasons for difficulty sleeping, where stress is one of the most common. The quality of life and health are affected negatively. Treatment with proven efficacy against insomnia is not only sleep medication, but also cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT.