INTRODUKTION: Det finns studier som beskriver ungdomars upplevelser av skolhälsovård, hälsosamtal och ungdomars syn på hälsa och ohälsa men det saknas studier kring hur ungdomar upplever hälsokontrollens praktiska moment vägning och mätning. För att optimera bemötandet av eleverna inom skolhälsovården är kunskaper om deras upplevelser av stor betydelse. Föreliggande arbete är en forskningsplan.SYFTE: Syftet är att beskriva ungdomars upplevelser av hälsokontrollen i årskurs åtta med avseende på mätning av vikt och längd.METOD: En pilotstudie som bygger på fyra intervjuer har genomförts för att testa metoden. Innehållet i intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.RESULTAT: Analysen av intervjuerna resulterade i fem kategorier som beskriver ungdomarnas upplevelser. Dessa kategorier var: oro, förväntan, trygghet, glädje och bekräftelse.KONKLUSION: Pilotstudien visade att det var främst dålig längdtillväxt som oroade eleverna.

Heart failure is an illness that requires life-long treatment and often affects everyday aspects of a person?s life. Self-care is a significant part of the treatment. Good self-care resources make it possible for people with heart failure to make the lifestyle changes they often need to maintain or improve their level of health. Self-care means having knowledge of and being able to recognize the symptoms and signs of deterioration that can occur with heart failure, so that the person can take appropriate measures ? and it also means knowing when it is time to seek professional help.

The purpose of this study is to examine who were given the opportunity to express their opinions in the government proposition concerning the future of the school system ? particularly regarding the proposal that pupils do compulsory military service - submitted to the Swedish parliament 21 March 1941. Our focus is mainly on three parts of the proposition: the proposal to introduce shooting- and grenade practice for all pupils, the proposal to introduce an obligatory military leadership training course for teachers and the proposal to introduce an obligatory summer camp for all pupils.Using primarily a qualitative method we examine how different opinions and views are expressed in the statements and utterances responding to the pending proposition and who the responders are. We will attempt to clarify who were considered to be undisputed authorities and experts, and whose opinions, for that reason, carried a lot of weight in the decision making process, comparing them to the statements and utterances submitted on a voluntary basis by non-experts. And finally, to what extent the opinions in the statements and utterances were allowed to guide the propositional work.Results show that the statements and utterances were submitted by authorities, chapter, county administrative boards and religious, non-profit and political organizations as well as different types of schools, representatives from the Board of Education and elementary school boards not a part of county councils or other types of associations.

Horses are herbivores that spend almost all day grazing. While grazing they are infected by different endoparasites through ingestion of infective eggs or larvae on pasture. The most significant equine endoparasites in Sweden are the equine roundworm Parascaris equorum, small (Cyathostominae) and large strongyles (Strongylus spp), the tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata and the pinworm Oxyuris equi. For many years have horses been dewormed on regularly basis, which has resulted in the development of resistance to many anthelmintic classes. Because of the problems with resistance it is since 2007 necessary to have a prescription on anthelmintics and faecal sampling is also recommended.

The level of cadmium (Cd) in Swedish arable land has increased during the last century and the average concentration of Cd in the plough layer is today 0.23 mg/kg. The increase is mainly due to anthropogenic activities such as phosphorus fertilizing, liming, import of feed, and atmospheric deposition from industrial emissions. Cadmium in the soil will be taken up by crops and is thereby transferred to humans via food. Carrot is one of the crops of concern, both because it may contain quite high Cd concentrations and due to the large consumption in Sweden. In the body, Cd is stored mainly in the liver and the kidneys and may cause several diseases already at low concentrations.

Heart failure is an illness that requires life-long treatment and often affects everyday aspects of a person?s life. Self-care is a significant part of the treatment. Good self-care resources make it possible for people with heart failure to make the lifestyle changes they often need to maintain or improve their level of health. Self-care means having knowledge of and being able to recognize the symptoms and signs of deterioration that can occur with heart failure, so that the person can take appropriate measures ? and it also means knowing when it is time to seek professional help.

In 1983 Sweden passed a law stating that all limited liability companies are to be included into a mandatory auditing system. According to the EEC, courts fourth amendment, each country has the right to decide whether to exclude a mandatory auditing system for smaller companies. Audit reports in Sweden are considered to be very important for the bank crediting system. Should this be eliminated, it would be more difficult for banks to trust an audit. The significance of calculated audits is questioned in regards to the banks accrediting system.

AbstractThe purpose of this essay was to determent if the authors? idea to replace a personal trainer with a training program, which is provided by software, is viable and if there is a market for such a product. The method that was used, included eight people who enrolled in a training program which were designed by the authors in Microsoft excel. The programs were based on principals of periodization, and included the phases: anatomic adaptation, hypertrophy, maximum strength and muscle definition. The training program was personal and based on individual goal setting.

Background: In the martial art of Muay Thai, techniques are used with hands, elbows, knees and kicks. The contestants are divided into different weight classes and experience levels. The Swedish martial arts association has decided that techniques with elbow are not allowed in B-class. Why is it so?Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the martial arts delegation decision to restrict techniques with elbows to the head in the B-class is justified.

The moisture content in 10 deliveries of tree parts and 10 deliveries of wood residues were measured with different methods to analyze the quality of procedure used at Dåvamyran today. At the same time a survey was made on the measure procedures used at heating plants in Sweden The majority of the heating plants in Sweden use weight and moisture content as base for payment but at some plants only volume. The moisture content is usually estimated by drying wood chips in an oven but few plants a visual estimation is used. At few plants moisture content is estimated spectroscopicily. The techniques using near infra read light and other electromagnetic are still at a test stage. The methods of measurement used today are quit unreliable for the individual deliveries and there is a risk for systematic mistakes.

AbstractLean production has become one common concept within industries to make the work more effective and to meet today?s hard competition. A challenge for Chinese production is the threat from new low cost countries. It will become very difficult to succeed to produce to a lower cost than these countries; this led to that Chinese companies must develop new strategies, according to Lee and Zhou (2000). This will put China in front of new challenges and new strategies can be needed to retain their strong competitive advantages.

Syfte: Syftet med denna systematiska ?versiktsartikel ?r att unders?ka det vetenskapliga underlaget om precisionsnutrition har en st?rre effekt p? viktnedg?ng j?mf?rt med standardiserade kostr?d vid ?vervikt och obesitas hos vuxna personer. Metod: En litteraturs?kning utf?rdes och inkluderade randomiserade kontrollerade humanstudier som unders?kte viktf?r?ndringar med hj?lp av precisionsnutrition. Inklusionskriterierna omfattade vuxna ?ver 18 ?r med ett BMI ?ver 25. Datainsamlingen utf?rdes genom s?kningar p? PubMed och Scopus med specificerade s?kord och filter.

BackgroundIncreased prevalence of obesity in children- and young adults and risk for diseases related to obesity will increase the burden on medical care. It is important to identify early risk factors that can be noticed by nurses in the daily work.AimThe aim was to investigate whether children- and young adults themselves perceive overweight as a problem and if there was a difference in the measured activity levels between overweight children- and young adults in families with different socio-economic family status.Method descriptionExisting survey from the Obesity Centre at the Akademiska Sjukhuset were examined together with the results from an accelerometer, where children- and young adults activity was recorded, compared to their perception of how active they were. The results were compared using a statistical software program and compiled with descriptive and non-parametric statistics.ResultsThe results do suggest that the majority of children- and young adults experiencing excessive weight have a problem in their everyday lives. Nearly half overestimate themselves as more active than what the actual measurements with accelerometer demonstrated. Much time is spent in front of the TV and computers.

High levels of Hg in fish in Swedish lakes have been a problem along time in Sweden. The major concern is production and accumulation of the most toxic form of mercury; methyl mercury (MeHg). Consequently, in about half of our 83 000 lakes fish contain concentrations above the recommended limit for human consumption of 0,5 mg mercury per kg fresh weight (most of it in the form of MeHg). Consumption of fish containing too high levels of MeHg may cause problems for both humans and animals. Three major sources of MeHg in surface waters are: 1) runoff from terrestrial areas, 2) deposition from the atmosphere, and 3) internal production of MeHg in lakes and streams. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of clear-cutting on the concentration of Hg and MeHg into draining streams.

Bakgrund: Fall är den vanligaste orsaken till varför personer 65 år och äldre skadar sig. Orsaken kan t ex vara nedsatt balans- och benmuskelstyrka. Balans- och styrketräning för nedre extremiteterna kan avsevärt minska förekomsten av fallhändelser. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att klargöra vilka metoder som används för personer i åldersgruppen 65 år och äldre med avsikten att förbättra balans, benmuskelstyrka, gång- och förflyttningsförmåga och därmed minska risken för fall. Metod: Litteratursökning utfördes i de medicinska databaserna PubMed, CINAHL och Proquest.