I vår uppsats ställer vi oss frågan varför Turkiet, trots över 50 år av demokratiska institutioner bryter mot mänskliga rättigheter samt yttrande- och pressfriheter. Vi har använt oss av en modell som identifierar tre kärnområden viktiga för demokratisering: staten, globaliseringen och civilsamhället.Vår slutsats är Turkiet har en politisk kultur som inte gynnar konsolidering. Detta beror på flera olika faktorer. Transitionen från diktatur till valdemokrati innebar att strukturer etablerades som favoriserade eliter. För det andra finns det en omfattande partikularism i statsförvaltningen jämte det demokratiska systemet.

The aim of this literature study was to give a clear picture of what gastric dilatation-volvulus is, and how the acute- and postoperative treatment and care is managed. The general aim is to support and help the veterinary technicians in their clinical work. Gastric dilatation volvulus is always an emergency. The primarily goal when these dogs are hospitalized is to establish an adequate cardiovascular function. This is done by immediate intravenous fluid therapy followed by decompression of the dilated stomach.

Region Skåne skapades för tio år sedan med ändamålet att förstärka den regionala demokratin. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att studera hur pass långt Region Skåne kommit i den demokratiska utvecklingen. Utifrån en normativ analys diskuteras de tre demokratiidealen, valdemokrati, deltagardemokrati och samtalsdemokrati, som alla bör ingå för att kunna göra en demokratisk bedömning. De tre demokratiidealen omsätts i mät- och undersökningsmetoder för att i uppsatsens empiriska del kunna studera Region Skånes demokrati. Utifrån de fastställda mät och undersökningsmetoderna dras slutsatsen att Region Skåne inte till fullo uppnår något av demokratiidealen, och att organisationen fortfarande innehar flera demokratiska brister som bör förbättras, detta trots att demokratin inom regionen utvecklas och att regionen sedan dess skapande fört med sig flera demokratiska fördelar..

AbstractThis essay analyse, from a normative perspective, what can be exspected of an etical asylum policy. The theorical base is derived from Gerard Delanty´s notion of civil cosmopolitism.The ethical outlook is based on utilitarianism. The questions this essay answers are:1) Which are the basic premises for an ethical asylum policy?2) Does the Swedish asylum policy forfill these premises?The study analyses in general terms the Swedish asylum policy. It analyses both the asylum law and the work of the executive authority.The analyse also includes a brief look at two asylum cases.

Society has depended on fossil-based fuel for a long time, which has led to a fundamental increase of greenhouse gases in the Earth?s atmosphere. To tackle this problem the international community has agreed that action is necessary. Focus is now directed towards local extraction of energy from renewable sources such as biogas.Utö is participating in the Green Island project, which aims to investigate the possibility of making the island climate neutral. This report has been implemented on behalf of Skärgårdsstiftelsen, the main partner responsible for the Green Island project in Sweden.

In Jaunuary 1995 Sweden became part of the European Union. Consequently Sweden agreed upon beeing part of a greater integration project with influences of federalism. However, many argue that the discourse that has been been dominant in Sweden is the discourse where we focus on the national state instead of the EU. In my essay I question whether the discourse about ?nationalstatslogiken? is found in the daily press in Sweden.

After the 9/11 attack the United States declared war against terrorism, which launched a conflict between indefinable transnational networks and states. In this war it became clear that the strategies used in traditional wars between states were not sufficient. New strategies have been discussed, but without any concrete results.In this thesis assassinations of terrorist leaders ordered by states is being presented as a possible strategy in the war against terrorism. Assassinations have been used in all times to shift political power but is today not morally accepted. This thesis aims to show that when used under the premisses of the just war theory, the strategy can be equally morally justified as any traditional war.

Sanningskommissioner inrättas för att dokumentera brott mot mänskliga rättigheter. På senare år har dessa blivit allt mer förekommande. Därför har detta fenomen väckt vår nyfikenhet. Vårt syfte med studien har varit att undersöka hur sanningskommissioner kan vara ett medel för ett land att gå vidare efter en konflikt samt vad som påverkar deras följder. Vår undersökning har en teoriutvecklande ambition där vi har utfört jämförande fallstudier av sanningskommissionerna i Argentina, Sydafrika och El Salvador.

Turkey has recieved recurring criticism on their disrespect of women and their rights and The European Union Commission and CEDAW, the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, are two examples of critics. However, during the last years Turkey has shown a number of improvments and positive developments. Two flagrant examples of the extended debate of the above mentioned scarcity is within the area of legislation and the large number of womenNGO´s.The aim of my thesis is to investigate which strategies womenorganizations in Turkey are using to affect the political agenda from a genderperspective; do they choose an international or a national strategi? The analysis is based on four womenNGO´s and their efforts of influence and effects on the political agenda and how they experience the link between themselves and the Turkish government. My findings suggest that a national strategy is chosen before an international strategy, but the choice seems to depend on specific goals of the organization and the national climate.

People are given better opportunities to participate in polity today. Democratic equality entails that all individuals are equal and therefore they should be included in the process of making the decisions. How can participation be defined and does it mean that having the possibility to participate means that people can influence the process of making the decisions in polity process?This paper focuses on participation and influence in polity and examine the relationship between having the possibility to participate and having the possibility to actually influence polity process on more local level. Therefore I have been examining the citizens? participation and influence in Helsingborg which is my case study.

Införandet av en mobil intensivvårdsgrupp (MIG) har visat sig ha goda resultat utomlands med minskade andningsstopp och mortalitet inom pediatrisk vård. Vid Astrid Lindgrens Barnsjukhus i Solna, Sverige (ALB) finns långt framskridna planer på att starta en MIG-verksamhet. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva pediatriska patienter som faller in under potentiella MIG-kriterier innan inläggning på barnintensivvårdsavdelningen/barnintermediäravdelningen (BIVA/BIMA) på ALB. Studien gjordes retrospektivt genom journalgranskning av inskrivna pediatriska patienter på BIVA/BIMA under 2009. Totalt inkluderades 148 pediatriska patienter i åldern 0-18 år i studien.

The idea that I put forward in this thesis concerns the democratic system and the threat from discoursive impact on its core values. I focus my normative analysis on three of these democratic values: transparency, accountability and influence ? and what democratic problems the discoursive impact causes in conflict with them. I have used a critical discourse theory to define discourse and discoursive impact, by focusing on the process of discourse, rather than its nature. I deal with the political structure where I claim that the essential relation between citizen and politician is disrupted, due to lack of information and the imminent problems of the existing network society.

This thesis title starting from zero alludes to storstadssatsningen's democratic work being accomplished among immigrants in Malmö. My thesis examines which types of political participation storstadssatsningen were trying to increase. The goal was to turn the immigrants into political participants, but in many of the projects the democratic work had to focus on building a ground for democratic participation by bringing isolation to an end and teaching the Swedish language. This may have been the reason that there were not extensive forms of resources to put into projects actually raising the political awareness. Some of the projects can however be said to increase a very large number of types of political participation, both temporary and every day participation.

Tanzania is today one of the greatest aid recipients in the world, but still - after over 45 years of huge amounts of aid - one of the poorest and least developed countries. How can that be? Civil society is said to benefit the democratization process, but has not succeed in Tanzania. Has the extensive aid had any impact? Our purpose is to investigate this set of problems.We are using theories concerning civil society and aid in general, and the theoretical framework developed by Hadenius and Uggla ?Making Civil Society Work, Promoting Democratic Development: What Can States and Donors Do??, in particular.

AbstractThe purpose of this thesis is to analyse the basis of Russian diplomacy, and by doing that develop the analytical instruments available, in order to improve the comprehension between the parties in negotiations. Descriptions of the national characteristics of Soviet and Russian diplomacy are made by an analysis of memoairs and other examinations of their negotiating behaviour. To ensure the result of the characteristics two case studies of the non-nuclear proliferation negotiations are made, followed by a comparation between the Soviet and Russian diplomacy. From these results, I analyse the groundworks of russian diplomacy, using three theories about how ideology, national identity and prevailing self-image can affect the national negotiating behaviour. The results show that there have been changes in only some parts of the negotiating behaviour and that there is a need for all three theories to explain different parts of the complex system of Russian diplomacy which is based on the plurality of culture, ideology, language, ideology and history..