This essay is about the Northern Ireland Conflict and the Belfast Agreement. Its focus is on the development in Northern Ireland politics after the implementationof the Agreement which was ratified in a referendum. The essay is a case studywhich analyzes the progress towards an Assembly Government and powersharingbetween the unionists and the nationalists/republicans. The development is analyzed with Robert D. Putnam's theory of Two-Level Games? The essay first analyzes the changes in the unionist society where the opinion towards the agreement has been negative which depends on the concessions made by the unionist.

Trådlosa nätverk är av naturen sårbara for avlyssning för att kommunikationen sker med radiovagor. Därfor skyddas trådlosa nätverk med kryptering. WEP var den första krypteringsstandarden som användes av en bredare publik som senare visade sig innehålla flera sårbarheter. Följden blev att krypteringen kunde förbigås på ett par minuter. Därför utvecklades WPA som ett svar till sårbarheterna i WEP.

The chosen task in this thesis is to compare two projects of importance on the impact on the approach to graffiti in Norrköping and Göteborg. My main source for empirical findings was interviews. I have examined the Norrköping project Canslit including legal graffiti walls and a graffiti school and the political process around it. This was compared to the Göteborg project kulturprojekt Röda Sten, which is a cultural center that happens to be covered in illegal graffiti. The conclusion was that due to the very detailed plans and well-functioning communications between actors in the Norrköping project, this has resulted in a creative, tolerant approach to graffiti still with low rate of illegal graffiti.

This study will examine if caregivers, working with people with dementia problems, is in need of support and in what way they see how the support should be designed. Previous research shows that there are many factors in elderly care that affect all of the caregivers. Working with people in this sort if dependence, requires a lot of the caregivers, both mentally and physically. To study if the caregivers consider themselves to be in need of support, and in what way they see how the support should be designed, the study employs a qualitative approach using to types of interviews, one focus group with four assistant nurses, and two individual in-depth interviews with the administrative personnel and one nurse. The results show that the need for support for the caregivers exists. Caregivers working with people with dementia problems, daily face difficulties, some more difficult to handle than others.

Uppsatsens resultat består i att vi har kommit fram till att det finns en rad faktorer som föranlett de ändringar som i konstitutionen föreslås rörande EU:s yttre förbindelser. Dessa faktorer har sin grund i de handlingar som konventets arbetsgrupp VII har lagt fram. Här framkommer problematik i det nuvarande systemet samtidigt som en rad förändringar föreslås. Problematiken berör i samtliga fall ineffektivitet och osamstämmighet i institutionerna, men också avsaknaden av gemenskap och solidaritet medlemsstaterna emellan. Arbetet utgår således från en tudelad frågeställning och metod, där uppsatsens första del är empiriskt beskrivande medan den andra delen har en mer analyserande och utredande karaktär.

Recent studies about refugees have shown that there are differences in how refugees are framed, depending on where they are fleeing from. Studies have also shown that right-wing populism and refugee framing can be linked. With the theoretical framework of Banulescu-Bogdans three frames and right-wing populism, this study examines how polish politicians within the PiS party have framed refugees fleeing in 2015 in contrast to refugees fleeing in 2022.The aim is also to analyze how and if right-wing populist discourses are reflected in the frames. Using framing analysis, nine statements from different PiS-politicians were analyzed. The results show that the dominating frame towards refugees during 2015 was the threat-frame, contributing to frame the refugees as a cultural threat and security threat. The dominating frame used towards refugees 2022 was the victim-frame, contributing to frame the refugees as deserving and worthy of help. Furthermore, right-wing populist discourses were clearly existing in the framing of refugees in 2015. Discourses as ??us?? and ?? the other?? along with signs of nativism are reflected in the frames.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the group constellation that is, what thoughts, feelings and sensations that arise when students and pupils change groups. The study will also affect students and pupils knowledge of why they should work in groups. Their perceived security will also be something that this study is looking for.The main questions of this study are:How does students and pupils experience the phenomenon of "group replacement"?What is considered to work or not work in the new group formations?The method that is used in this study is based on six qualitative interviews with students and pupils from three different levels of education. The target groups are college and high school students.

Communication between people who already know eachother, and who use a social online platform to do so, have been thouroghly studied for years. Thus, the majority of the people we connect with on a day to day basis are friends and acquaintances. As children we were taught not to talk to strangers, and as we grew older we learned to avoid people who act suspiciously. These and many other factors are part of the reason we avoid strangers, but are we doing so wrongfully? Studies have shown that there are many benefits in everyday interaction with strangers, some of which are an estimated increase in happiness and letting people seemingly forget about previous grievances.

An industry in distress was the breeding ground for a noted pricing strategy, labeled name-your-price. The industry was the music industry and the pricing strategy bears reminiscence of how medieval buskers earned their living during the dark ages; by letting the customers decide how much the good was worth, embodied by a thrown coin into a hat or similar collector. Translated into the contemporary corporate environment of today, where technical innovations provides access to the intellectual property for free, a few mighty economic actors have once again turned to the strategy were it all started; letting the customer set the price. The hat has been replaced by a box for your credit card number and the live music by a MP3 file, but the similarity is striking. The business model have been applied in other industries as well with various levels of success, thus the purpose of this thesis is to set up a framework for where the name-your-price strategy is applicable.

Self- determination and autonomy of elderly people living in long- stay care homes is the forefront of discussion in the media and in society today. It examines the extent to which elderly people actually have the opportunity for self- determination and to what extent they have an impact and influence in their daily lives. A suitable way to look at how the quality of long ?stay care looks like is too look at the extent to which the user has self- determination. The aim of our study was to examine how self-determination appears in long- stay care homes. We also talk about in what way the officials perceive self- determination and how elderly identify and perceive their right to self- determination and the importance it has for the individual. The essay has been made with the help of interviews and surveys on a number of long-stay care homes in Skåne.

This paper concerns the question of how one can frame a political message. I investigate how a political frame is bound both to the line of argumentation connected with a certain discourse and to the audience closely related to that discourse.I have chosen to study a single case where the policy process was characterized by a framing contest. The case shows how negotiating the new Services Directive is affected by framing efforts made by the parties negotiating.My conclusions are that the question of a Services Directive lent itself to a definition in terms of "either/or"-arguments. Thus the Directive could be considered either a threat or a possibility. It was the very nature of the matter - the development of the internal market on services - that made possible a debate along the lines of a "left/right"-struggle and where a frame that drew from the European Social Model offered the better explanation thereby succeding in defining the new Directive as a threat.

Within the political science research it is common to examine the effects on the national parliaments caused by European integration. In this Bachelor Thesis the aim is instead to show what involvement of the national parliaments in the European Union implicates to the European integration process.The object of examination is the introduction of the parliaments as supervisors of draft legislative acts, this is also known as ?the Early Warning Mechanism?, through the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty. An analysis of answers from the national parliaments in the tests of three pilot cases, conducted by the COSAC, is made with help of Institutional theory and an Europeanization perspective.The main findings show that the mechanism of early warning probably will not become an obstacle for continued European integration, but it could slow down the process in some areas. Most probably though is that the mechanism forces the national parliaments to adapt and to be better equipped to react at events taking place at the European level.

Utgångspunkten för uppsatsen är att synliggöra erfarenheter av rasifiering som de upplevs i vardagen. Uppsatsen erbjuder en vidare förståelse av rasismens mekanismer och låter sig inte begränsas av den vedertagna definitionen av vad rasism innebär. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av tre reflexiva intervjuer med tre unga kvinnor i Skåne som kretsar kring deras personliga erfarenheter av vardagsrasism. Intervjuerna har analyserats med hjälp av diskursanalys och postkolonial teori för att öka förståelsen för hur den strukturella rasismen präglas av asymmetriska maktförhållanden. Den rasistiska diskursen positionerar kvinnorna och tillskriver dem egenskaper utifrån föreställda kulturella skillnader.

Trafficking är ett problem som ökat markant under de senaste decennierna i takt med det allt mer globaliserade samhället. Given den transnationella karaktären hos problemet, krävs det ett internationellt samarbete för att komma till en lösning på trafficking. Icke- statliga organisationernas arbete mot problemet är vitalt för att få ett slut på den moderna formen av slavhandel Vi gör en komparativ fallstudie över tre organisationer som, med olika intressen och syn på problemet, föreslår olika åtgärder. Genom denna fallstudie har vi som intention att se till hur dessa organisationers olika formuleringsprocesser snarare bidrar till konflikt än till samarbete. Dessa organisationer ställer vi i relation till FN, som vi menar kan verka som medlande part och ett instrument för organisationerna att få sina röster hörda..

För att öka energisäkerheten och garantera en rättvis och trygg energiförsörjning för alla medlemsländer har EU försökt skapa en gemensam energipolitik gentemot Ryssland. I empiridelen av vår kvalitativa fallstudie har vi dock kommit fram till att EU-ländernas olika relation till Ryssland försvårar för EU att hålla enad front gentemot Ryssland.Vi har valt att använda oss av teorierna neofunktionalism och intergovernmentalism för att analysera förutsättningarna för en gemensam europeisk energipolitik gentemot Ryssland. Vi har funnit att båda dessa teorier hjälper till att förklara samarbetets utfall hittills och hur samarbetets framtida förutsättningar ser ut.Vår slutsats är att EU kan lyckas med ambitionen om en gemensam energipolitik gentemot Ryssland om fler av medlemsstaterna, speciellt de större och mer inflytelserika, är villiga att engagera sig i frågan. Om hotet om energibrist skulle bli mer överhängande eller om Rysslands beteende i energifrågan skulle bli mer oberäkneligt ökar också chanserna för ett lyckat samarbete..