Syftet med denna kvalitativa intervjustudie var att belysa vad sjuksköterskor på ambulansen respektive akutmottagningen ansåg vara viktig information till patienter med akuta bröstsmärtor samt vad som var viktigt att tänka på vid informering av dem. Tio intervjuer med sjuksköterskor utfördes, fem på ambulansen samt fem på akutmottagningen. Resultatet har delats upp utifrån de olika arbetsplatserna. Resultatet visade att det fanns stora likheter i hur sjuksköterskorna svarade på frågorna som ställts. Det som ansågs viktigt att ge information om var vad som skedde och varför, det var även viktigt att informera om läkemedel och dess biverkningar och att med den information de gav, lugna patienterna.

Bakgrund: Smärta vid svårläkta ben- och fotsår är ett vanligt förekommande problem som ofta är underbehandlad. Smärta påverkar sårläkningen negativt och är ett komplext hälsoproblem. Smärta kan ses utifrån olika dimensioner vilka påverkar personen på olika sätt. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur personer upplever smärta vid svårläkta ben- och fotsår. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie baserad på kvalitativa empiriska studier.

Aim: To investigate if physical exercise in combination with coaching will reduce pain and improve knee function in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis in the knee compared to physical exercise alone.Method: The study consisted of 42 patients who were randomized to either an intervention group or a control group. Both groups followed a standardized training program at home, but the intervention group received additional support with regard to the aim of their training, as well as extra coaching during the training period of ten weeks. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the patients? pain. A 10 metre walking test, the Index of Muscle Function (IMF) and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were also used to evaluate knee function.

Bakgrund: Smärta och äldre personer är centrala delar i sjukvården. Smärta är en subjektiv upplevelse och påverkar en person både psykiskt och fysiskt. Smärta är komplext och det finns många anledningar till att smärta uppkommer. Många äldre personer i samhället får inte korrekt smärtlindring vilket kan bero på attityder och felaktiga bedömningar.  För att underlätta bedömningen av smärta finns det instrument som vårdpersonal kan ta hjälp av för att underlätta bedömningen av äldre personers smärta.Syfte: Att beskriva hur äldre personer upplever smärta och hur den handhas på vårdenheter.Metod: En litteraturöversikt som byggts på tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna har hämtats från CINAHL complete.

ABSTRACTPurpose: The purpose of the study was threefold. Firstly, to investigate if a four week program in pain rehabilitation had any effect on how much individuals with persistent pain worked and their degree of kinesiophobia. Secondly, to study if there was a correlation between how much these individuals worked and their degree of kinesiophobia. Thirdly, to study if there was a correlation between the change in these variables.Method: 112 patients who had participated in a four week rehabilitation program took part in the study. The study had a retrospective design, which was based on a review on medical records and consisted of three minor parts.

De genusrelaterade skillnaderna inom fenomenet smärta är en aspekt som måste betraktas i omvårdnadsarbetet. Många faktorer påverkar smärtupplevelsen och sjuksköterskan måste ta hänsyn till dessa för att kunna göra en korrekt bedömning. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om det fanns skillnader i män och kvinnors smärttröskel och smärttolerans, samt om skattningen av den upplevda smärtan skiljer sig mellan könen. En inriktning mot akut fysisk smärta har gjorts i detta arbete. Arbetet har utförts som en litteraturstudie som använt sig av databassökning för att inskaffa det vetenskapliga materialet.

Ambulatory surgery is common and develops alongside surgery and anesthetic methods. Time admitted is short and aftercare takes place in the home environment.Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate which symptoms patients experience after ambulatory surgery related to anesthesia. Furthermore how strongly symptoms affect the patient. Symptoms appear as a result of anesthesia and surgery and can therefore be interpreted as nursing induced suffering.Method: Participants were recruited at ambulatory clinics at a Swedish university hospital spring, 2015.  Prior to the study permission was granted from the clinic managers. The study is a quantitative descriptive longitudinal study.  Data collection forms were administered and data collection was performed by phone.

It is popular to keep reptiles as pets in Swedish households. The number of households reporting reptile ownership is more than 15 000 (SCB, 2006). This means that a veterinary practice should consider how to take care of reptiles as patients. The aim of this study was to examine literature and studies concerning safe handling and restraint of reptiles as well as the effects of acute and long term stress response and to suggest a simplified plan for handling reptiles in a veterinary practice. The result of literary studies is that common recommendations for safe handling and restraint of reptiles is based on old techniques and experiences from safe handling of wild animals. The main concern is safety for the veterinary nurse and for the reptile. Stress studies indicate that acute stress response is not harmful for the animal i long term. On the other hand studies of the effect of prolonged stress are not conclusive.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) meloxicam in connection with dehorning of goat kids. Six 2-3,5 weeks old dehorned kids were given daily intramuscular injections of meloxicam (0,5 mg/kg; MG) and five age-matched dehorned kids were given isotonic NaCl (NG) for 3 days. The study was randomized and double blinded. The behavior of the kids was studied one day before dehorning, on the dehorning day and three days after. Blood samples were collected each day before the treatment and analyzed for plasma concentrations of meloxicam, hematocrit, cortisol, progesterone and glucose.

SAMMANFATTNINGBuksmärtor är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till att människor söker sjukvård. Historiskt sett har smärtlindring till patienter med buksmärta varit restriktiv. Otillräcklig smärtlindring kan bero på rädsla för att smärtlindrande läkemedel ska dölja viktiga kliniska tecken som kan leda till diagnostiska svårigheter.Syfte: Att undersöka i vilken omfattning ambulanssjuksköterskan smärtlindrar patienter med buksmärta, i vilken utsträckning patienter smärtskattas samt om det föreligger någon skillnad mellan män och kvinnor när det gäller administrering av smärtlindrande läkemedel och omfattning av smärtskattning prehospitalt.Metod: En retrospektiv jämförande deskriptiv journalgranskning med kvantitativ ansats. Ett konsekutivt urval gjordes och sammanlagt granskades 200 journaler, varav 100 omfattade kvinnor och 100 omfattade män.Resultat: 21 % (n=42) av patienterna smärtlindrades. Det fanns ingen statistisk signifikans som visade att kvinnor och män smärtlindrades i olika omfattning.

There is a need for correct and adequate pain assessment in horses. Methadone is used in pain management in horses but the full pharmacokinetic picture of methadone is not yet known. The aim of this pilot study was to develop a behaviour protocol and suggest a reliable recording method for use in a larger research project with an aim to potentially correlate behaviours to concentration of methadone in blood. In this study two coldblooded trotters were given methadone intravenously with doses of 0.1 mg/kg for horse 1 and 0.2 mg/kg for horse 2. The horses were videotaped pre and post methadone administration.

The aim of this study was to compare perceived disability in daily activities, anxiety and depression for patients with chronic pain (>3 month), before and after rehabilitation. Another aim was to examine if there were any correlations between disability in daily activities and the extent of anxiety and depression before and after rehabilitation.For the measurements, Disability Rating Index (DRI) that measures disability in daily activities, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) ) which measures the extent of anxiety and depression were used. The study was carried out with 50 patients who had suffered from chronic pain and with the objective to return to work after rehabilitation. Of these, 90 % were female. The measurements were carried out at three measure points; before rehabilitation, seven weeks after rehabilitation and one year after rehabilitation.The main result did not show any statistically significant improvement in ability to perform daily activities.The only significant difference that emerged was an improvement in anxiety seven weeks after rehabilitation compared with before.

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilka faktorer som i omvårdnadsforskningen beskrivs som bidragande faktorer till akut delirium. Syftet var vidare att beskriva vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som omvårdnadsforskningen tar upp som kan minska risken för uppkomst av akut delirium. Resultatet baserades på vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes i följande databaser: Elin@dalarna, BlackwellSynergy, PubMed och EBSCO host. Följande sökord användes: delirium, acute, elderly, nursing, patients, caring, management, confusional state, needs. Artiklarna granskades enligt en granskningsmall med avseende på vetenskaplig kvalité.

The aim of this study was to study how Swedish youth national football players handle stressful events in sports. A longitudinal questionnaire diary was constructed from a revised version of Nicholls and Polmans (2007) design with the intention of recording in-sport and psychosocial stress, choice of coping strategy and coping effectiveness. The participants were 59 Swedish youth national football players born 1992 observed during a four day national training camp held by the Swedish Football Association. Data were drawn from a quantifying analyzing method. The main result showed that the most common stressors reported were, physical injury or pain, experiencing teammates or opponents to perform better and feeling generally insecure during training camp.

The purpose of this study was to describe patients? experiences when living with a venous leg ulcer in physical, psychological and social perspectives. The articles used to describe this condition were found in the databases: PubMed and Cinahl. Ten articles were included in the result: five with a qualitative approach, two with a quantitative approach and three with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results were presented through three headings: physical, psychological and social.