Our aim with this essay is to examine if social work in the care of elderly tends to be salutogenetic or patogenetic oriented. A salutogenetic oriented Activity means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples individual possibilities, and collaborate with the receiver of care in order to offer him or her aid and resources for meaningful living conditions. A patogenetic oriented Activity on the other hand means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples most primary needs, their illnesses and to introduce adequate treatment. We also examine if social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male or female characteristic features in the receivers of care. Finally we wanted to find out if there were any gender distinctions, if the appraisal of aid were more affected by a male or female receiver of care.

Title: Development and continuity: A new institutional case study of a Danish public library in changeAbstract: The purpose of this master's thesis is to discuss and analyse the relationship between the traditional core values belonging to the institution of the public library, and the development work that takes place at the institution. The thesis also investigates the relationships that influence the development work.By investigating a library that is considered progressive in its development work, our purpose is also to unveil alternative values that compete with the traditional core values. By illustrating the perception among seven staff members and the director at Aarhus Public Libraries, we want to illuminate the terms for development among public libraries. In addition to our interviews, an Activity plan is studied.We base our study on new institutional theory which focuses on norms and values in an organisation. This focus helps us to understand the development work from a comprehensive view.Our study shows that the development work at Aarhus Public Libraries is taking place in a complex environment that consists of several different actors and different interpretationsof the traditional core values of public libraries.

Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att ta reda på vilka mätinstrument som används för att identifiera patienter med risk att utveckla trycksår samt beskriva vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som har betydelse för trycksårsprevention och sårläkning. De vetenskapliga artiklarna (n=16) som ingick i denna studie söktes i databasen Elin@dalarna. Sökorden som användes var pressure ulcer i olika kombinationer med nutrition, Activity, skin, Norton, treatment och hydrocolloid. Inklusionskriterierna var att artiklarna skulle vara publicerade mellan åren 1999-2006 och vara i fulltext samt svensk och/eller engelskspråkig. Resultatet visade att patienter borde riskbedömas för trycksår så snart som möjligt efter att de anlänt till vårdinrättningen.

Under de senaste 10 åren har kostnaderna inom hälso- och sjukvården i Sverige ökat med 20 procent. Förklaringen antas ligga i att medellivslängden bland befolkningen ständigt ökar, att vårdtillfällen gällande psykisk ohälsa i Sverige blir allt fler samt att sjukdomsfallen idag är allt mer komplexa. I och med att hälsocentraler är första instansen inom hälso- och sjukvården innebär dessa faktorer att antalet läkarbesök på hälsocentraler ökar. Dessa faktorer leder till ökade kostnader för hälsocentralerna och indikerar att det är viktigt för hälsocentraler att vara medvetna om sina kostnader.Activity Based Costing (ABC) anses vara en metod som kan göra organisationer inom hälso- och sjukvården mer kostnadsmedvetna i och med att ABC har visats vara ett pålitligt verktyg för att kartlägga verksamhetens kostnader. Samtidigt har det i litteraturen lyfts fram att utvecklandet av ABC-modellen kan vara både tids- och resurskrävande för dessa organisationer.

The upstream spawning migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at the confluence area between the power-station outlet and the bypass-channel in river Umeälven (flow 430 m3s-1) was compared in 2004 and 2005, two years with different experimental flow-regimes. In 2004 the water flow in the bypass-channel was altered during the day with increased flows during the nights while the water flow in 2005 mainly was altered between the weekdays and weekends. Salmon showed altered migratory behaviour in this confluence area, assessed with telemetry (n=116) and echo-sounding, with up- or downstream responses depending on flow-changes in both the bypass and the power station outlet. Increased turbine flow through the power-station generally attracted salmon into the tunnel outlet area while increased spill-flows facilitated salmon to enter the bypass. Echo-sounding in the confluence area showed an increased swimming Activity up- and downstream due to time in the day and flow-rates through the tunnel outlet. No changes in Activity could be detected due to increasing or decreasing flow through the hydro-power facility.

SummaryAim and research questionsThe purpose of the study is to examine how physical education (PE) teachers can work to increase young people?s interest in physical education but also physical Activity in general.- How can PE teachers work to increase student?s interest in physical Activity?- Does PE teachers believe that the student?s interest for sports is achieved according to the educations curriculum and in that case, how?- What problems can PE teachers encounter in their efforts to get young people motivated for physical activities during PE classes?MethodPrior to implementation of the study i reviewed on a lot of past research and got interested about the problem with unmotivated students. After this I looked for different theories that I could use for my study and settled with the KASAM theory by Aaron Antonovsky. The method applied in this study was a qualitative interview method. The aim was to find out how teachers work to motivate their students to be physically active and wanting to participate in PE classes.

The thesis focuses on the measurement of situational factors affecting brand loyalty in purchases and consumption. A survey is conducted using previously developed scales and 199 respondents. Results show that for the particular product category (ready-to-drink recovery drinks), purchase frequency and the product experience have stronger effects on loyalty than do situational factors such as type of Activity and perceived stress. Implications for managers are discussed and suggestions for further research is presented..

During football games neuromuscular fatigue occuring following eccentric movements such as sprint, jump and run that occur during games. To avoid injury, overtraining and performance decreases, it is important to know when players are recovered. The aim of the pilotstudy was to investigate physiological changes that occur during football matches and if they affect the recovery pattern after several games in professional football players. The method was divided into two sub-studies in which 12 professional footballers, in substudy 1 performed counter movement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) from 40 cm and fill out a recovery form for muscle soreness 36 hours before, 12-16 and 60-64 hours after 11 different competetive games. Blood samples were taken on the players in connection with one match to examine the Activity of muscle enzyme creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of the players.

This Thesis aims to explore how to integrate an IT-system for facilitating anorganizations work with Continous Impprovements.This is done here by examining and analyzing the process within a handful ofcompanies who seem to have been successful with their own implementations. Thestudy is focused on the implementation of one particular system, "System C2".Simliarities and differences between the companies, and the established rule of thumbfor these kind of activities are focused upon. This to emphasis how another actormight emulate some of the apparent success.Part of the core question is found in the title, since Continous Improvement is oftenseen as a relativly low-risk Activity, is it then also possible to take a low-risk slow pathto the implementation of such a system in the entire organization?.

  Aim. The aim of the study was to describe how nurses in home care experience to pursue palliative care in ordinary housing. Methods. The study had a descriptive design with qualitative approach and was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 14 nurses in home health care from two medium-sized Swedish municipalities. The material was analyzed with manifest and latent content analysis. Findings. The underlying theme that emerged in the study was: Working with palliative care in the patient´s own homes is positive but challenging. Informants describe among other things that they perceived palliative home care as meaningful and that relatives have a central role in the palliative home care since they are close to the patient around the clock. The stress that emerges from the heavy work load and the long geographic distances are described as strenuous and to affect the care in a negative way. Informants describe the home environment as challenging as it is often not adapted for care and the collaboration with the palliative team is described to be experienced as both positive and negative.

SammanfattningSyfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka samband mellan några utvalda faktorer av betydelse vid förskrivning av fysisk aktivitet på recept (FaR) på hälso- och vårdcentraler i Sverige.Metod: En enkätundersökning genomfördes på 37 icke-privata hälso- och vårdcentraler i Malmö, Stockholm och Umeå. Totalt 241 enkäter besvarades av legitimerad personal med förskrivningsrätt av FaR. Studerade faktorer, uttryckta som enkätfrågor, var: förskrivarens kön, ålder, befattning, landstingstillhörighet, användning av FaR/FYSS, egen motion, FaR-utbildning, tidsbrist, riktlinjer, uppföljning, samarbete med friskvårdsaktör, FaR-ansvarig, hänvisning av FaR-patienter, kunskap i att motivera till fysisk aktivitet samt kunskap om vilka sjukdomstillstånd som kan behandlas med fysisk aktivitet. En webb-baserad enkät distri-buerades och samlades in via e-post och en pappersenkät användes på ett par hälso- och vårdcentraler. Resultatet från enkätundersökningen analyserades med chitvåtest och binär logistisk regression. Resultat: Sannolikheten att förskriva FaR var signifikant sju gånger högre hos personal som visste vart de kunde hänvisa patienter med FaR-ordination i jämförelse med dem som inte visste vart hänvisning kunde ske.

AimThe aim of this essay is by using a motor skill track to see if there exists any remarkable difference in the motor skill profiles between pupils from our montessori school and the mean score in the "Nytidstest". The questions at issue we had were: How is the motor skill profile on pupils in year 2 and 3 practicing montessori pedagogy? Is the motor skill profile superior or inferior to the mean score in the "Nytidstest"? What factors, if any, concerning the montessori pedagogy affects the results of the test?MethodWe used a motor skill track consisting of 8 stations sellected from the "Nytidstest" adapted for year 3 (the original test consists of 16 stations). Pupils from year 2 and 3 in our chosen montessori school were tested in groups of 4-5 persons each. We made the tests on two occasions each lasting for 100 minutes at the time.

In system development it is today increasingly common to use a model-based system development method. These methods that are suited for Agile work with simple and quick updates and implementations of new applications in systems conform to the requirements that are becoming more important today, namely more flexible and less expensive system that still maintain high quality and safety.A company that has been working with this type of system development method for a long time is Genicore AB, which also has developed their own tools and model language in order to better model the information management systems in complex and abstract operations. Genicore AB is trying to spread their method other developers and have therefore taken the initiative to start this study. The method is evaluated and tested by two students with relatively little experience in model-based systems engineering in order to gain a new perspective on how the method functions. The method has been applied to an educational Activity in order to test it in a new domain, and this led us to our research question;?What criteria are of particular relevance in the implementation of a MBSD method on on complex businesses??Through literature reviews and interviews, we formed an idea of how model-based system development works from a theoretical perspective, and then continued to the case study conducted on the educational activities at the faculty of IT at University of Gothenburg.

Syfte: Studiens syfte var att deskriptivt beskriva förskrivningar av Fysisk aktivitet på Recept (FaR®) i Primärvården i Landstinget Uppsala Län (LUL) 2009.Metod: Insamlad data från förskrivare, på 26 vårdcentraler i LUL, erhölls i form av utdrag ur journalsystemet Cosmic. Data bestod av avidentifierade recept vilka sammanställdes med hjälp av variabler i Excel. I Cosmic registreras data från receptet om patienterna (kön, ålder), ordinationen (förskrivningsorsak, träningsform, typ av aktivitet, intensitet, duration), förskrivarens profession, vårdcentral samt förekomst av ordination med hänvisning till stöd av friskvårdslots.Resultat: Under 2009 förskrevs 883 FaR ut i primärvården i LUL. Detta motsvarar totalt 0,55 % av alla de som besökt vårdcentral i primärvården med en spridning på vårdcentralnivå mellan 0,04 % till 2,45 %. Medelåldern för hela populationen är 49 år (åldersspann 18-86 år).

Syftet med studien var att få fördjupad förståelse kring hur personal som arbetar med personer på tidig utvecklingsnivå ser på sin roll i deltagarens självbestämmande i daglig verksamhet. Studien använde kvalitativ fallstudiebaserad forskning och utgick från fokusgrupper och observationer i två separata dagliga verksamheter. Att använda två verksamheter gav möjlighet att studera beskrivningen av rollen utifrån verksamheternas olika Activity Settings. Meningstolkning kopplat till tidigare teori har använts som stöd vid analysen. Resultatet visade att verksamheterna tillskriver sin egen roll stor betydelse för deltagarens självbestämmande när deltagaren har en tydlig kommunikation.