The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyse the development of the public library in the district of Österåker during a period of 1958-1983. The main goals have been to identify the crucial events in the history of the library within their historical context and to analyse the factors that have been important for the development: financing, location, staffing, stock of books, book-lending level and different activities for children, youngsters and adults. The consideration has been taken to reasons and consequences of these events. The hermeneutic interpretation model of interaction between parts and wholes, between reasons and results is the basic method in this research which leans mainly upon local archives in Österåker. The public library in Österåker was established in 1952 as a fusion of previously existing small libraries: the parish library in Östra Ryd, the Labour Movement?s library and the temperance movement?s library.

Syftet med vår studie var dels att belysa vilket (special-)pedagogiskt perspektiv som avspeglas i den enskilda pedagogens matematikundervisning, dels skapa förståelse för hur pedagoger uppfattar att undervisning kan relateras till elever som inte kan tillgodogöra sig de grundläggande kunskaperna i matematik. Under författandet av vår studie fördjupade vi oss i litteraturstudier som berörde begreppen matematiksvårigheter och dyskalkyli. Som analysverktyg i studien har vi använt oss av det relationella och det kategoriska perspektivet samt begreppen makt, kapital, habitus och fält. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär och vi utförde fem intervjuer och fem observationer med pedagoger som är verksamma i grundskolans tidigare åldrar (år 1-6). Resultatet visade en tendens till att majoriteten av pedagogernas inställning till begreppen allmänna matematiksvårigheter och dyskalkyli samstämde och att det förekommer elever i skolan som har svårigheter att lära sig matematik.

During the later parts of the 20th century there occurred several changes to the Swedish public sector. These changes aimed to effectivize and decentralize the governance model in the public sector. One of these changes was the municipalization of the school system, put forward and proposed by the social democratic government in the late 1980s and early 1990s. This study aims to examine and compare that times different parliamentary parties' opinions on the municipalization of the school system. The source material consists of government bills, and in direct relation to the municipalization of the school system.

During the summer of 2007 I was employed by Högestad Christinehofs Förvaltning AB. My main task was to make an inventory of giant trees at the estate. Högestad and Christinehof,which with their total possession of 13 000 ha of land is the biggest estate in Scania. A giant tree is a tree with a diameter in breast height more then 1 meter. Trees of these dimensions are registered by Swedish authorities. Landowners with a giant tree on their property can receive a subsidy for cutting trees that are in competition with the giant tree.(Levenskog, 2007) Giant trees are important for biodiversity in the landscape and there are important habitats for different insects, birds, bats, lichens and funguses.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka likheter och skillnader i undervisningen som finns mellan en grundsärskoleklass och en grundskoleklass. Undersökningens metod är strukturerade observationer genomförda av två observatörer i en grundskoleklass och i en särskoleklass på samma skola. Olika aspekter av undervisningen observerades, av vilka några kan anses utgöra förutsättningar för en inkluderande undervisning. Dessa är: samarbete mellan pedagoger i undervisningen, ledarskapsmodeller, cooperativt lärande (samarbetsinlärning), dynamisk pedagogik samt samarbete mellan pedagoger i problemlösande undervisning. Resultatet visar på likhet mellan de båda skolformerna beträffande användandet av en organismisk modell med ett demokratiskt ledarskap, där grundsärskolans pedagoger endast använder det aningen mer frekvent än grundskolans pedagoger.

The purpose of this report is to contribute with knowledge about the views within special education. I want to explore and compare the way students with special needs are approached within two different pedagogies in Sweden: Waldorf pedagogy and Montessori pedagogy.I have closely studied these pedagogies, read the literature from existing research and also by conducting two interviews with a representative from each pedagogy Both pedagogies claim that their teaching methods are most suitable for children with reading and writing difficulties..The Waldorf pedagogy was founded in 1919 in Germany by Rudolf Steiner. The pedagogy believes in the development of the students into independent children who can use their bodies as a tool for the learning of knowledge. The Montessori pedagogy was also founded in the beginning of the nineteenth century and stands for developing the students into independent individuals. However, the pedagogical approach to reading, writing and dyslexia is different.

The concept of quality is difficult to identify clearly. Many attempts to define quality havebeen made, but the resulting definition remains vague.The quality concept (in the artistic sense) has since 1974 played a leading role in Swedishcultural policy. In the spring of 2009, a publication, named ?Kulturutredningen? waspublished. This report suggested a number of changes for the Swedish cultural policy.

?Children who are a little special and unusual? ? Pre school teachers' conception ofchildren in need of special support.Syftet med studien är att undersöka förskollärares föreställningar kring begreppet Barn ibehov av särskilt stöd i förskolan. Vidare är syftet att undersöka vilka stödinsatser somerbjuds i verksamheten. Studien utgår från följande frågeställningar: Vilka barndefinierar förskollärarna som barn i behov av särskilt stöd? Vilka stödinsatser erbjuderverksamheten barn i behov av särskilt stöd? Hur kan stödinsatserna som erbjuds kopplastill perspektiv på specialpedagogik?Studien genomförs i form av semistrukturerade personliga intervjuer.

Husqvarna is a world leading producer of chainsaws with a well-established brand name. Husqvarna now has an interest in investigating the possibiltiy to expand their production of chains and guide bars to include cutting equipment for timber-harvesters.This project is a technical study which aims to answer questions about cutting equipment for timber-harvesters that have been decided in cooperation with Husqvarna. The questions have mainly been focused on forces, cutting speeds, service and maintenance -as well as general questions regarding the size of the Swedish market.Two methods have been applied to answer the questions. Interviews with retailers of harvesters, producers of harvester heads and harvester drivers.The main findings in this project show that there is a relatively small selection of harvester chains on the Swedish market. In contrast to the selection of harvester chains the selection of guide bars is quite large.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the perception of Christianity in nine textbooks andidentify changes in-between them and over time. The content of the textbooks will also bediscussed in relation to the steering documents connected to each book.I have chosen to focus on three curriculums, Lgy 70, Lpf 94 and Gy 11. My researchquestions are: how Christianity is treated in textbooks in religious studies in relation to theperception of Jesus, God and man? What are the differences/similarities across time andlearning materials? In what way does the textbooks change with the syllabuses?Text consumption and discursive practices is analyzed with the help of a set of tools thatare based on the critical discourse analysis and Fairclough's three-dimensional model. Theimage of Jesus, if described by a textbook, is also analysed.Three textbooks were chosen from each curricula.

The aim of this study was to acquire a greater understanding and knowledge about how care staff at houses with special services for people with intellectual disabilities think and work (handle situations) regarding sexuality. To achieve our goal we carried out nine semi structured interviews using an interview guide. These interviews took place in two different communities in southern Sweden. The theoretical perspectives that were used to analyze the result were Sense of Coherence, Scope of action and Normalization. The result showed that the staff considered sexuality a part of their work and a natural subject to talk about.

Syftet med studien har varit att belysa specialpedagogers uppfattningar om diagnosen dyskalkyli. Vi har undersökt om specialpedagoger anser att det finns det ett behov av diagnosen. I studien tar vi även upp hur specialpedagoger upptäcker, kartlägger och organiseras undervisningen för elever med dyskalkyli. Arbetet ger en översikt över tidigare forskning kring dyskalkyli. Vi har valt att göra kvalitativa intervjuer med fem specialpedagoger.

Syftet med vår studie var att ta reda på hur pedagoger tillvaratar barns informella kunskaper och hur de konkret arbetar för att utveckla barns begreppsuppfattning i matematik med hjälp av språket. Vi avsåg även att undersöka förutsättningarna för en sådan undervisning. Vi ville se till både individ-, grupp- och organisationsnivå. Ytterligare en specialpedagogisk frågeställning som vi avsåg att undersöka var hur barn i behov av särskilt stöd gynnas av detta arbetssätt. Vi genomförde tio kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, som var delvis strukturerade, med pedagoger som arbetar med språket på ett medvetet sätt i sin matematikundervisning.

Den lilla gruppen, stödundervisning, eller vad man nu kallar den är ett arbetssätt som en del skolor arbetar med för att ge barn i behov av extrastöd en lämplig form av undervisning. Den lilla gruppen bildas genom att elever från olika klasser samlas i ett särskilt undervisningsrum tillsammans med en lärare/pedagog/specialpedagog. Vilka är då de elever som placeras i den lilla gruppen och är dessa hjälpta av denna undervisningsform? I den undersökning jag genomförde genom intervjuer, fanns det två grupper av elever med svårigheter. Den ena gruppen bestod av elever med invandrarbakgrund och gick i liten grupp för att få svenskundervisning.

ABSTRACTThis pilot study examines the knowledge about tree root systems amongst five treeplanting professionals. The aim is to find out the professionals? collective knowledge ofthe nature of root systems of various trees used in green areas. Furthermore; to explorehow the professionals adapt landscaped green areas to the tree root properties in asustainable manner. Questions: Which tree species have special root properties toconsider and how do the professionals utilize this knowledge? And: How do theprofessionals in general adjust planting according to the root systems of trees in areas tocreate sustainable green environments?Interviews with the professionals were performed.