En livsviktig utveckling
en reviewstudie om hjärt- lungräddning (HLR)
AimThe aim of this study was to find out how the research that has changed CPR training developed from a historical perspective. The question at issue was: When the recommendations for chest compressions/ventilation, defibrillator and education have been changed, what kind of research led to the development?MethodTo fulfill the aim of this study we chose a review process. First we read the international guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) published by the American Heart Association (AHA), from year 1980 until year 2010. Secondly we chose the most important changes that had been made within the issues we had selected, then we examined the research that had supported these issues. Studies that had resulted in a change of adult basic CPR were used. Developments in health care and so-called advanced CPR were excluded as well as studies that included CPR for two performers. No exclusions of older studies were made since this is a historical review.ResultsThe development of CPR has been going on for many centuries and the goal has been to increase the survival rate from sudden cardiac arrest. This has led to numerous studies of different nature. In 1974 AHA published the first national guidelines and research has since developed an internationally recognized CPR procedure. It strives towards simplicity both in the performance of chest compression/ventilation and in the use of a defibrillator. The aim within CPR education has been to go from the education being lecture-based into education-based with more hands-on practice and greater frequency in refresher training. A great success for CPR has been the introduction of the automated external defibrillator (AED) and its spread in the community.ConclusionsAfter having examined the researches we have come to the conclusion that parallel progress in many areas are required to change and improve CPR procedure and associated education. The experimental research that is necessary in some parts of medicine is complex, given the ethical decisions that need to be done in a matter of life and death. AHA along with international experts in the field have been pushing the development in CPR research forward.