Effektutveckling i den koncentriska fasen i bänkpress och knäböj
Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate 1RM and what power could be generated in bench-press and half squat concentric at certain percentages of 1RM. Special interest was put to evaluate men (M) and women (K), strength trained (ST) verses non strength trained (EST) in generating absolute power as well as power relative to 1RM.Method: In total 59 subjects mean (± SD) age 24.9 ± 4.1 years divided into four test groups: 20 male non strength trained GIH-students (EST M), 20 female non strength trained GIH-students (EST K), 10 male strength trained - sprinters on national/regional level (ST M), 10 female strength trained - sprinters (ST K) on national/regional level. They did two tests on 1RM and power in events of concentric bench-press and half squat in a Smith machine. In the first test session 3 ? 5 lifts were made to measure 1RM in each event. In the second session 7 ? 12 lifts were made to measure peak power on different weights in percent of 1RM in each event. The orders of events and weights were randomised. Recordings were made with the Muscle-lab system and related software.Results: There were significant differences between gender and test groups in 1RM and peak power in half squat. 1RM in half squat for each group were: ST M 246.5 kg, ST K187.8 kg, EST M 229.2 kg and EST K 150.8 kg. Strength trained generated their peak power in half squat on heavier weights relative to their 1RM compared to the non strength trained: ST M 40 %, ST K 30 %, EST M 25 % and EST K 20 %. 1RM in bench-press fore each group were: ST M 87.5 kg, ST K 46.9 kg, EST M 84.5 kg and EST K 40.2 kg. There were significant differences in gender between the EST - groups in bench-press peak power relative to 1RM but not between ST and EST: ST M 50 %, ST K 55 %, EST M 50 % and EST K 60 % of 1RM. Average peak power generated in bench-press was 54 % and in half squat 29 % of 1RM calculated on all participants.Conclusions: The strength trained (ST) sprinters might have gained something from their specific training in relative to EST participants as they in this study showed significant differences in half squat. The mean relative load at peak power for all test groups in squat (29% of 1RM) is lower compared to previous studies. Peak power relative to 1RM in bench-press showed significant difference only between men and women in the EST-group. The participants showed a relatively higher load (54% of 1RM) in benchpress than in squat. Comparing strengths between genders mainly showed that males are proportionally stronger in the upper body musculature than legs muscles comparing to women.