C?RONIS BIVAXFERNISSA En unders?kning av inneh?ll, l?slighet och ?ldringsegenskaper
The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of C?ronis beeswax varnish by Lefranc &
Bourgeois; its contents, aging properties, solubility, and possible removal methods, with G?teborgs
Konstmuseum?s ?Gothenburg Museum of Art? collection as the stud??s material? The purpose of the
study is to provide a basis for decision-making regarding the treatment of works treated with C?ronis
wax varnish. The study is based on contemporary conservation theory and interpretation-based
decision-making and utilizes FTIR, microscopy, and solubility tests to examine the properties of the
varnish. The study shows that C?ronis does not appear to be harmful to the treated works and has
retained its solubility properties and transparency over time. There is no immediate reason to remove
the varnish considering its good aging properties and the lack of potentially harmful substances in the
varnish. The FTIR analysis compared the contents of the varnish with shellac, mastic and dammar. The
results showed no indication of these materials in the varnish. The microscopic analysis showed no
signs of porosity, dust retention, discoloration, cracking or loss of transparency. Solubility tests with
isooctane in emulsion gel as well as Evolon? on selected works did not provide a desirable result and
further evaluation of removal methods is therefore needed if the varnish is to be removed in the
future.