Att läsa texter tillsammans är bra
En studie om läsförståelseundervisning i särskolan med hjälp av strukturerade textsamtal.
Structured text talksReciprocal teachingMotivationMetacognitionInference readingStudents at upper secondary school for individuals with learning disabilities
International reading comprehension studies, like PIRLS and PISA, state that the reading comprehension of Swedish students has decreased significantly since 2000. As a consequence, the National Agency of Education has made reading comprehension teaching a prioritised field in terms of further education for teachers. There has also been a change in Lgr 11, the national curriculum for compulsory school, where it is stated that teaching in reading strategies shall be a part of the central content throughout compulsory school. When the pupils reach upper secondary school level, reading comprehension education is no longer a part of the curriculum. Today, students at upper secondary school for individuals with learning disabilities currently share the same curriculum as the ordinary upper secondary school. As from July 1st 2013, the new upper secondary school for individuals with learning disabilities will start, and the new curricula for each subject for these school forms will be in use (National Agency of Education).The Swedish Schools Inspectorate and several reports indicate that there are deficiencies concerning too low challenges on individual level in the teaching of Swedish at upper secondary level for students with learning disabilities. The teaching is predominantly on individual level, causing lack of interaction between students. One main school objective is to prepare these students for an active participation in society. It is vital that students receive instructions when reading, in order to increase their reading comprehension.The basis of the study is a research based teaching program for reading comprehension teaching, called Reciprocal teaching (Palinscar and Brown 1984). The program has been modified and modernised with the aid of interactive media and the computer program Power Point. The aim of the study is to examine whether the reading comprehension and the motivation for reading are affected by the teaching program Reciprocal teaching.Method: Three 17-year-old students at upper secondary school for individuals with learning disabilities have participated in the study for four weeks. During the study, the students' participation and commitment were observed. The reading comprehension was tested before and after taking part of the program.Result: According to tests, the ability to decode a text has increased for all the students, which is an important factor for understanding a text. The commitment and motivation have increased and the students state that reading and talking about texts together was good. Interactive media with graphical support combined with structured questions from the teacher contributed to the students' increased commitment.