Analys av hur byggnadens höjd påverkar energiförbrukningen i flerbostads- och kontorshus
This diploma work has been carried out in collaboration with the building contractor Sh Bygg Fastighetsutveckling AB in Uppsala with the intention to investigate how the height of a building affects various energy aspects such as transmission losses, infiltration, and the specific energy usage. Three different reference objects have been studied. The reference objects have been simulated for four different heights in the calculation program VIP-Energy.The results show that an increase in floor number can lead to both advantages and disadvantages. As the number of floors increases, transmission losses per square meter floor area decreases. However, as the height of the building increases, the reduction rate decreases. The infiltration on the other hand shows signs of reduction in the beginning only to increase later on as the building gains height. At the same time, the differences in the specific energy usage are very marginal. In a building with a lot of internal heat production along with an active cooling system, this value can increase in accordance to the height of the building, while it can instead decrease in a residential building with no active cooling system.The greatest energy savings due to the increased number of floors can be achieved on the lower levels. The higher the building, the lower the observed differences become. However, this may vary for different buildings. From an energy perspective; there are no golden rules as to what are the ideal numbers of floors. Multiple parameters determine the most optimal height for a building. Therefore, every construction should be studied individually to establish its most energy efficient design.