ACL-rupturer hos fotbollstjejer ? riskfaktorer och prevention
Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is a serius and traumatic injury to the knee that is common in female soccer players and often force the player to quit or lower the level of activity because of lost stability in the knee or from fear to suffer a new injury. Female soccerplayers have a higher risk than their male counterparts to get an ACL rupture and especially adolescent females have a high risk. The most common causes to a non-contact ACL rupture is side-cutting manuvers and landing after jumping. Every other player with an ACL rupture develops osteoarthritis within 10-15 years from the time of injuryResults: The higher risk for females to incur a ACL rupture is due to smaller intercondylar notch, they?re in the follicular or ovulatory phase of their menstrual cycle, increased knee laxity, dominance in the quadriceps muscles, flexion in hip and valgus movement in the knee. An effective preventionprogram is based on the risk factors individual players exhibit. Preventionprograms including plyometrics and at least one other component (strength, neuromuscular training, awarness or proprioceptiv training) at a regular basis have been most succesfull in reducing the risk for ACL injury for female soccer players.Discussion: Female soccer players may have neuromuscular, hormonal and anatomical differences that increase the risk of them achieving an ACL injury in a non-contact situation. Theese differences should be taken into account when designing a preventionprogram in order to succesfully reduce the risk for female soccer players to achieve an ACL injury. A preventionprogram should include plyometric training, proprioception, balance training and resistance training for hamstrings.