3
12-reglerna
The 3:12-provisions are part of a legal system specified for owners of close corporations (companies owned and managed by a small group of businesspeople), for taxation of capi-tal gains and dividend. The reason for special rules for the taxation of these owners is to prevent them from transforming their income, to only be subject of the lower taxation of capital gains, instead of income of service. Since the rules were put in force, they have been subject to several changes. The most recent changes took effect on the 1 January 2006. They involve a higher importance for the rule of salary-based taxation. The rule of salary-based taxation means that compensation paid out to employees may increase the part of a company owner?s income which is taxed at the lower taxation of capital gains. The salary-base is calculated including compensation paid out in cash to employees based within the area of the European Economic Community.When applying the rule several problems in the interpretation arise. Questions concerning whether the part of per diem and allowance for expenses, which are subject to taxation, should be considered compensation paid out in cash, as well as whether board members are to be considered as employees. In addition, it is not certain how to deal with salaries in subsidiaries, which are trading companies, and salaries paid to employees outside of the European Economic Community.